Investment banking is an important constituent of the financial market. As financial institutions, banks have an irreplaceable part in the functioning of the world's economies. Together with fiscal documents and financial markets they constitute the fundaments of the financial system. The financial market is a complicated system of interconnected relations of particular segments of the market, and investment banking is one such part. Its existence makes it possible to shift the savings of financial resources from saving subjects to ones in deficit by means of mediatory activities, which is performed with the help of various kinds of financial instruments, which are called investment instruments. The mediatory function of investment banking is a basic feature which makes a distinction between investment and commercial banking. Investment banks are main mediators that place released resources (savings) into the stock market. As is well known from the inherent laws of economy, the role of investments is crucial for a healthy circulation and functioning of the state economy. Without them the steady economic growth would be impossible. Due to these reasons I decided to analyse investment banking: its development and economic context, as well as the legal basis of these institutions and their activities...

This thesis deals with the phenomenon of the uncertificated securities in the context of financial law. Proper and prudential legal regulation of the securities is considered to be key element of efficient financial markets of which the importance for the economics is systematically growing in past few decades. From the beginning, financial markets were dominated by certificated securities represented by legal fiction incorporating rights arising from the security into a certificate and considering this certificate as a tangible movable asset. In the consequence of the development of financial markets and securities trading uncertificated securities were developed to make transfers of the securities and asset management feasible. Uncertificated securities can be defined as substitutable physical securities incorporating private rights which are prerequisite for the exercise and transfer of those rights and which are replaced by a record entered in the central register of securities, mainly central securities depositories. The form of the uncertificated securities determines the necessity of their special legal regulation taking into account their legal nature and connected legal aspects of record keeping. The purpose of my thesis is to analyse relevant Czech legislation and highlight both...

The work deals with financial mathematics and its teaching in upper secondary school. This thesis contains introduction to finance, simple and compound in- terest, securities, bonds, loans and savings. The work is also presented in the form of web pages. The web pages are enhanced with interactive features such as applets in GeoGebra and step-by-step solutions for exercises. The web pages include a final test in which one can check his knowledge. The test contains ten randomly generated tasks which cover the curriculum of the thesis. The work is meant as an extending teaching materials for upper secondary school pupils. 1

The main aim of thesis is to assess the validity of Efficient markets theory in a particular case. Efficient markets theory is a theoretical model of a financial market that is very similar to the model of a perfectly competitive market. Efficient markets theory gives an explanation of price movement of financial instruments. Efficient market is based on similar assumptions as a perfectly competitive market. These assumptions are not always entirely realistic. For this reason perfectly competitive market does not exist, it is only a theoretical model describing an ideal situation. The thesis answers the question of whether the Efficient markets theory also theory or vice versa reality.

The thesis aims to provide basic information and a holistic overview of securities, especially their adjustment in the legislation. The thesis is based on the current wording of the legislation which are especially Act no. 89/2012 Coll. according the New Civil Code. The first part of the thesis is about the basic distribution of the securities and is characterized in detail the issue of securities legislation. Subsequently is described capital market functioning in the framework of the standard market economy. The practical part is devoted to collecting data from the lay public and experts. The aim of the survey is if the capital market is properly treated after a change in legislation. The method is a statistical evaluation. The thesis also shows how practically proceed in the beginnings of securities trading on the Internet.

In this thesis I deal with role of rating agencies in the context of today's financial crisis. In particular, I focus on the segment evaluation of credit rating structured securities, the three largest credit rating agencies. The main part of this work include: financing credit rating agencies and regulation of credit rating agencies in the U.S. and the EU, securitization and the role of rating agencies and analysis of default studies of rating agencies. The last part is the comparison of default rates of structured finance segment by rating notches and comparison of volatility ratings of structured securities by rating notches selected the rating agencies. The time frame I set in the period from 2005 to 2012, which is evident during the financial crisis and its impact on changes in notches and default rates.

The portfolio theory is microeconomic discipline which deals with the exploration of capital markets and assets that are traded on them. This diploma thesis is focused on optimal stock portfolio selection. The main aim is to find a final portfolio fulfilling the requirements. The first part provides the theory needed for the subsequent establishment of a practical case of the optimal portfolio. The second part is devoted to the actual calculations leading to finding the portfolio with the desired rate of return.

This thesis deals with quantification of risk level of securities on Czech capital market. Part of quantification of risk is also assessing the impact of various scenarios on the price of securities. In theoretical part is briefly described scheme of securities market. Then is described history of Prague stock exchange, stock index included index of Prague stock exchange. The following section deals with describing fundamental investment instruments used in thesis. A significant part is devoted to mutual funds from a different angle than normal retail investor knows. The rest of the theoretical part describes the investment decisions based on the investment triangle including risk indicators applied in the practical part. At the beginning of practical are described selected investment instruments. Reader can also find out about their current and possible future market position. Further indicators of risk are applied, selected and described the scenario of events and their impact on the price of the instrument. In the last chapter is chosen one scenario in which risk indicators are calculated.

Types of shares in the regulation of the Business Corporations Act The purpose of this diploma thesis is to analyze, describe and elaborate changes that into the Czech legal order brought the Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code and the Act No. 90/2012 Coll., on Companies and Cooperative association. The diploma thesis is divided into five chapters that process from the general to the specific issues and focus on foreign legal orders which deal with particular aspects of shares and types of shares. The first chapter of this thesis is focused on the general concept of security, its definitional delimitation and historical development of security as other property value and thing. Furthermore, this chapter deals with the concept of participating security and its importance in the new legislation. Finally, this thesis generally focuses on the possibilities of incorporation of rights and obligations into shares. The second chapter is a crucial part of this diploma thesis and deals with types of shares as such. Firstly, this chapter focuses on the interpretation of the term type of share and its definitional features. Subsequently, there is a part devoted to basic institutes of ordinary shares and preferred shares. The third chapter is devoted to shares with special rights, namely the legally enshrined...

in English Securities with a focus of bills of exchange and promissory notes as important tools in business obligations The institute of securities accompanies the society for many centuries and has become an indispensable part of economic life. Although, with few exceptions represented apparently only by Slovak and Swiss legal order, there is no general definition of concept of security, it does not hinder to define its characteristics, which are the instrument, respectively any material substrate able to capture a written declaration of will and incorporated subjective property right originating in the private area. Of the above may be deduced the close connection between right and document, which is it's materialization. In connection with the development of social needs, especially in the area of trade, disadvantages of document that was originally considered as a necessary condition of the existence of a valid security, appeared. As a result, the process of dematerialisation of securities started and the document has been replaced by the entry in the register of securities. Nowadays, therefore, the securities may exist both in paper and in book entry form, what undoubtedly facilitate the implementation of some complicated business transactions. The presented thesis combines the interpretation...