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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo filogenômico do desenvolvimento estrobilar em platelmintos da classe cestoda

Paludo, Gabriela Prado January 2016 (has links)
O Filo Platyhelminthes inclui todos os vermes achatados e contém quatro Classes: Turbellaria, Menogenea, Trematoda e Cestoda. A primeira é composta predominantemente por organismos de vida livre, a segunda por ectoparasitas e as Classes Trematoda e Cestoda são compostas por endoparasitas obrigatórios. Os cestódeos são agentes etiológicos de algumas das principais doenças de seres humanos e animais domésticos, apresentado complexos ciclos de vida que abrangem, pelo menos, dois hospedeiros. Entre as suas adaptações ao parasitismo, alguns cestódeos da Subclasse Eucestoda apresentam repetição seriada dos órgãos reprodutivos (metamerismo) e a segmentação externa destes (proglotização), apresentando, assim, uma enorme capacidade reprodutiva. Porém, pouco se sabe dos aspectos moleculares envolvidos na biologia do desenvolvimento desta estrutura corporal. O presente trabalho descreve as relações evolutivas entre organismos endoparasitas do Filo Platyhelminthes através de análise filogenômica, assim como a interrelação dos platelmintos com demais representantes do Superfilo Lophotrochozoa. Por meio da comparação de dados genômicos, transcritômicos e inferência funcional, este trabalho descreve um total de 34 proteínas associadas ao processo de proglotização, conservadas em platelmintos da Classe Cestoda. Entre estas proteínas, 12 estão relacionadas a processos de desenvolvimento, incluindo vias bem conhecidas como as vias de sinalização da wnt e do TGF-β/BMP. Adicionalmente, a identificação de 22 proteínas hipotéticas conservadas e a descrição de seus domínios, adiciona importantes alvos para o estudo da evolução deste processo de desenvolvimento na Classe Cestoda. / The Phylum Platyhelminthes includes all flatworms and contains four classes: Turbellaria, Menogenea, Trematoda, and Cestoda. The first one is predominantly composed of free-living organisms, the second by ectoparasites and the Trematoda and Cestoda Classes are composed of obligatory endoparasites. The cestodes are etiologic agents of some of the major diseases of humans and domestic animals, and present complex life cycles that include at least two hosts. Among its adaptations to parasitism, some cestodes of Eucestoda Subclass have serial repetition of their reproductive organs (metamerism) and external segmentation of these (proglottisation), thus presenting an enormous reproductive capacity. However, little is known about the molecular aspects involved in the biology of development of this kind of body structure. This work describes the evolutionary relationships among endoparasite organisms from Phylum Platyhelminthes through phylogenomic analysis, as well as the interrelationship of flatworms with other species representing the Superphylum Lophotrochozoa. Through genomic data comparison, transcriptomic analysis and functional inference, this work describes a set of 34 proteins associated with the proglottisation process, preserved in flatworms Class Cestoda. Among these proteins, 12 are related to developmental processes, including well described pathways as the Wnt and TGF-β / BMP signaling pathways. Additionally, the identification of 22 conserved hypothetical proteins and the description of its domains adds important targets for the study of the proglottisation evolution in the Class Cestoda.
2

Estudo filogenômico do desenvolvimento estrobilar em platelmintos da classe cestoda

Paludo, Gabriela Prado January 2016 (has links)
O Filo Platyhelminthes inclui todos os vermes achatados e contém quatro Classes: Turbellaria, Menogenea, Trematoda e Cestoda. A primeira é composta predominantemente por organismos de vida livre, a segunda por ectoparasitas e as Classes Trematoda e Cestoda são compostas por endoparasitas obrigatórios. Os cestódeos são agentes etiológicos de algumas das principais doenças de seres humanos e animais domésticos, apresentado complexos ciclos de vida que abrangem, pelo menos, dois hospedeiros. Entre as suas adaptações ao parasitismo, alguns cestódeos da Subclasse Eucestoda apresentam repetição seriada dos órgãos reprodutivos (metamerismo) e a segmentação externa destes (proglotização), apresentando, assim, uma enorme capacidade reprodutiva. Porém, pouco se sabe dos aspectos moleculares envolvidos na biologia do desenvolvimento desta estrutura corporal. O presente trabalho descreve as relações evolutivas entre organismos endoparasitas do Filo Platyhelminthes através de análise filogenômica, assim como a interrelação dos platelmintos com demais representantes do Superfilo Lophotrochozoa. Por meio da comparação de dados genômicos, transcritômicos e inferência funcional, este trabalho descreve um total de 34 proteínas associadas ao processo de proglotização, conservadas em platelmintos da Classe Cestoda. Entre estas proteínas, 12 estão relacionadas a processos de desenvolvimento, incluindo vias bem conhecidas como as vias de sinalização da wnt e do TGF-β/BMP. Adicionalmente, a identificação de 22 proteínas hipotéticas conservadas e a descrição de seus domínios, adiciona importantes alvos para o estudo da evolução deste processo de desenvolvimento na Classe Cestoda. / The Phylum Platyhelminthes includes all flatworms and contains four classes: Turbellaria, Menogenea, Trematoda, and Cestoda. The first one is predominantly composed of free-living organisms, the second by ectoparasites and the Trematoda and Cestoda Classes are composed of obligatory endoparasites. The cestodes are etiologic agents of some of the major diseases of humans and domestic animals, and present complex life cycles that include at least two hosts. Among its adaptations to parasitism, some cestodes of Eucestoda Subclass have serial repetition of their reproductive organs (metamerism) and external segmentation of these (proglottisation), thus presenting an enormous reproductive capacity. However, little is known about the molecular aspects involved in the biology of development of this kind of body structure. This work describes the evolutionary relationships among endoparasite organisms from Phylum Platyhelminthes through phylogenomic analysis, as well as the interrelationship of flatworms with other species representing the Superphylum Lophotrochozoa. Through genomic data comparison, transcriptomic analysis and functional inference, this work describes a set of 34 proteins associated with the proglottisation process, preserved in flatworms Class Cestoda. Among these proteins, 12 are related to developmental processes, including well described pathways as the Wnt and TGF-β / BMP signaling pathways. Additionally, the identification of 22 conserved hypothetical proteins and the description of its domains adds important targets for the study of the proglottisation evolution in the Class Cestoda.
3

Estudo filogenômico do desenvolvimento estrobilar em platelmintos da classe cestoda

Paludo, Gabriela Prado January 2016 (has links)
O Filo Platyhelminthes inclui todos os vermes achatados e contém quatro Classes: Turbellaria, Menogenea, Trematoda e Cestoda. A primeira é composta predominantemente por organismos de vida livre, a segunda por ectoparasitas e as Classes Trematoda e Cestoda são compostas por endoparasitas obrigatórios. Os cestódeos são agentes etiológicos de algumas das principais doenças de seres humanos e animais domésticos, apresentado complexos ciclos de vida que abrangem, pelo menos, dois hospedeiros. Entre as suas adaptações ao parasitismo, alguns cestódeos da Subclasse Eucestoda apresentam repetição seriada dos órgãos reprodutivos (metamerismo) e a segmentação externa destes (proglotização), apresentando, assim, uma enorme capacidade reprodutiva. Porém, pouco se sabe dos aspectos moleculares envolvidos na biologia do desenvolvimento desta estrutura corporal. O presente trabalho descreve as relações evolutivas entre organismos endoparasitas do Filo Platyhelminthes através de análise filogenômica, assim como a interrelação dos platelmintos com demais representantes do Superfilo Lophotrochozoa. Por meio da comparação de dados genômicos, transcritômicos e inferência funcional, este trabalho descreve um total de 34 proteínas associadas ao processo de proglotização, conservadas em platelmintos da Classe Cestoda. Entre estas proteínas, 12 estão relacionadas a processos de desenvolvimento, incluindo vias bem conhecidas como as vias de sinalização da wnt e do TGF-β/BMP. Adicionalmente, a identificação de 22 proteínas hipotéticas conservadas e a descrição de seus domínios, adiciona importantes alvos para o estudo da evolução deste processo de desenvolvimento na Classe Cestoda. / The Phylum Platyhelminthes includes all flatworms and contains four classes: Turbellaria, Menogenea, Trematoda, and Cestoda. The first one is predominantly composed of free-living organisms, the second by ectoparasites and the Trematoda and Cestoda Classes are composed of obligatory endoparasites. The cestodes are etiologic agents of some of the major diseases of humans and domestic animals, and present complex life cycles that include at least two hosts. Among its adaptations to parasitism, some cestodes of Eucestoda Subclass have serial repetition of their reproductive organs (metamerism) and external segmentation of these (proglottisation), thus presenting an enormous reproductive capacity. However, little is known about the molecular aspects involved in the biology of development of this kind of body structure. This work describes the evolutionary relationships among endoparasite organisms from Phylum Platyhelminthes through phylogenomic analysis, as well as the interrelationship of flatworms with other species representing the Superphylum Lophotrochozoa. Through genomic data comparison, transcriptomic analysis and functional inference, this work describes a set of 34 proteins associated with the proglottisation process, preserved in flatworms Class Cestoda. Among these proteins, 12 are related to developmental processes, including well described pathways as the Wnt and TGF-β / BMP signaling pathways. Additionally, the identification of 22 conserved hypothetical proteins and the description of its domains adds important targets for the study of the proglottisation evolution in the Class Cestoda.
4

Cestodes from rodents in the Republic of South Africa

Collins, Hendriena Maria 04 February 2014 (has links)
M.Sc. (Zoology) / This investigation is the first systematic survey of the cestodes of some Muridae and some Cricetidae in the Republic of South Africa. Previous records of these parasites in the Ethiopian Region form part of reports on the helminthfaunae of various countries. The cestodes which have been recorded from Myomorpha in the Ethiopian Region are summarized in Table 1. Some of the cestodes recovered in this survey have a cosmopolitan distribution and have been recorded from many species of rodents in various parts of the world. It is not possible or relevant to include all these records in the list of definitive hosts which therefore only include those hosts recorded in this survey. The foilowing authors were consulted to verify the correct names of the host animals: Allen (1939), Cabrera (1960), Davis (1968), De Graaff (1968), Ellerman & Morrison-Scott (1951), Missone (1968) and Troughton (1941). In the text the current names of African states are used instead of those mentioned in the literature. They are: Congo (Democratic Republic)- Belgian Congo Rhodesia- Southern Rhodesia Somalia- Italian Somaliland Tanzania- Tanganyika Zambia- Northern Rhodesia In listing the localities in the Republic of South Africa the various provinces are abbreviated as follows: E.P. - Eastern Province (Cape Province) W.P.- Western Province (Cape Province) N.W.P. -North Western Cape (Cape Province) Ntl.- Natal O.F.S.- Orange Free State Tvl.- Transvaal…
5

The occurence of plerocercoids of Schistocephalus solidus in the Fraser Valley and their effect on the intermediate host Gasterosteus aculeatus.

Lester, Robert John Graham January 1969 (has links)
Samples of Gasterosteus aculeatus from 16 areas in the Fraser Valley and environs were examined for plerocercoids of Schistocephalus solidus. Fish at Coal Harbour and Alouette Lake were sampled several times over a twelve month period. The number and sizes of worms present in the Alouette Lake fish samples were recorded, and it was found that infected fish less than 45 mm. total length carried on average more worms than those over 45 mm., and that uninfected adult fish were caught only during the breeding season. In another lake, infected fish were found in a different area from the uninfected ones. The fish intermediate host was shown to be affected by the infection in four ways: (i) Infected fish died sooner than uninfected fish, (ii) Heavily infected fish were lighter in weight of fish tissue than controls of the same length, (iii) The total standard respiration rate of infected fish was higher than that calculated by combining values obtained from uninfected fish and published values for in vitro plerocercoids. (iv) Heavily infected fish required up to twice as much oxygen per gram fish weight per hour when swimming at the same speed as control fish. Other aspects were examined but the results were inconclusive or negative. The observations on natural populations are discussed in the light of the experimental findings. / Science, Faculty of / Zoology, Department of / Graduate
6

Taxonomia de Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1848, Rhinebothrium Linton, 1890 e Anindobothrium Marques, Brooks & Lasso, 2001 parasitas das espécies anfi-Americanas de Himantura (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) / Taxonomy of Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1848, Rhinebothrium Linton, 1890 and Anindobothrium Marques, Brooks & Lasso, 2001 parasites from amphi-American species of Himantura (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes)

Trevisan, Bruna 13 July 2016 (has links)
Estudos co-evolutivos requerem uma base taxonômica e filogenética robusta para estabelecerem de forma inequívoca as relações entre as linhagens envolvidas. Neste sentido, a presente contribuição identificou as linhagens de parasitas marinhos das espécies anfi-Americanas de Himantura Müller & Henle, considerado o suposto grupo-irmão dos potamotrigonídeos - arraias Neotropicais restritas ao sistemas fluviais da America do Sul. O objetivo do presente estudo foi contribuir com o alicerce taxonômico necessário para a elucidar as associações históricas entre as arraias de água doce, seu suposto grupo-irmão marinho, e suas faunas helmintológicas. Neste sentido, este estudo aborda a diversidade de três gêneros de cestóideos, cujas linhagens são compartilhadas entre arraias marinhas e potamotrigonídeos: Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1948, Anindobothrium Marques, Brooks & Lasso, 2001 e Rhinebothrium Linton, 1890. Cada um destes grupos é abordado em um capítulo individualmente. Os resultados deste estudo incluem a descrição de 11 espécies novas, dentre as quais, sete são parasitas de H. schmardae (Werner) e 4 parasitas de H. pacifica (Beebe & Tee-Van), além da redescrição de três espécies previamente conhecidas para H. schmardae. Todas as descrições e redescrições foram baseadas em um número de indivíduos sem precedentes na taxonomia dos grupos e incluíram dados sobre microscopia eletrônica de varredura dentro dos padrões atuais de descrições taxonômicas. Este estudo também abordou as relações filogenéticas das linhagens de Acanthobothrium e Anindobothrium. Em ambos os casos, dados moleculares revelam congruência entre as relações de parentesco de seus membros e aqueles evidenciados para seus hospedeiros. Os dados parasitológicos apresentados corroboram hipóteses recentes que postulam que potamotrigonídeos compartilham um ancestral comum com as linhagens anfi-Americanas de Himantura. Por fim, algumas abordagens utilizadas neste estudo ilustram os benefícios de integrar diferentes bases de dados no refinamento taxonômico destes grupos dentro do conceito do que hoje reconhecemos como taxonomia integrativa / Studies on the co-evolution require accurate taxonomic and phylogenetic information to unambiguously establish associations within the lineages involved. Therefore, the present study identified marine parasite lineages from amphi-American species of Himantura Müller & Henle, H. schmardae (Werner) and H. pacifica (Beebe & Tee-Van). These hosts are considered the sister-group of potamotrygonids, which are Neotropical freshwater stingrays restricted to river systems in South America. Our motivation was the contribution on sound taxonomic grounds, in order to elucidate the historical associations among freshwater batoids, their alleged marine sister-group and their cestode parasites. To achieve this goal, we documented the fauna of three genera of cestodes, whose lineages can be found both in marine and freshwater stingrays, namely Acanthobothrium Blanchard, 1948, Anindobothrium Marques, Brooks & Lasso, 2001 and Rhinebothrium Linton, 1890. Each chapter addresses each genus separately. Our results consist of descriptions of 11 species new to science, among which seven are found parasitizing H. schmardae and 4 infecting H. pacifica. Furthermore, redescriptions are provided for three species detected in H. schmardae. All descriptions and redescriptions were based on an unprecedented number of specimens and included data obtained from histology, ligth microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition to the taxonomic approach, we evaluated the phylogenetic relationships of Acanthobothrium and Anindobothrium. Molecular data from both genera revealed the congruence between the known patterns of host relationships and their parasites. The parasitological data presented in this study supports the recent hypothesis that potamotrygonids and amphi-American species of Himantura share a common ancestor. Moreover, the combined approach applied in this study illustrates the benefits of integrating different data sources for the taxonomic refinement of these groups within the concept of integrative taxonomy
7

Digenetic trematodes and cestodes from fishes of the San Joaquin delta

Edwards, Stephen Richard 01 January 1967 (has links)
To date there has been only on major study concerned with parasites of freshwater fishes of California. E. C. Haderlie (1953) summarized investigations up to that year and conducted a general survey of the monogenetic and digenetic trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans, copepods, and hirudinians of fishes of Northern California. From 2010 fishes representing 36 species of 11 families examined over a three-year period, he obtained a total of 59 species of helminth parasites, copepods, and hirudinians, which include 20 species of digenea and 16 species of cestodes. In addition to the taxonomic study, Haderlie attempted to correlate the relative occurrence of the parasites with various ecological habitats. These data are incomplete, except for a general ecological discussion of the parasites taken from Clear Lake and its contributing streams. In the Sacramento-San Joaquin area the monogenetic trematodes are the only group that has been extensively studied. This work has been done by Dr. J. D. Mizelle of Sacramento State College. The primary purpose of the current investigation is to gain some knowledge of the species of endoparasites of fishes of the San Joaquin Delta. Two hundred and thirty sic fish were examined, including diadromous, potamodramous, anandromous, and territorial species of San Joaquin Delta. This has resulted in the recovery of two previously described and one new adult digenea, three metacercariae, two adult and three larval cestodes,and two cestodarians. Not included in this study are the Acanthocephala and Nematoda. A few cestodes are also not included because of their poor condition. The Host-Parasite List (p. 49) of this paper gives a summary of the fishes examined by Haderlie (H) and the present author (E) with the number of each species examined and the species of trematodes and cestodes recovered.
8

Helmintofauna slepih miševa (Mammalia: Chiroptera) na području Srbije / Helminth fauna of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) on the area of Serbia

Horvat Žolt 20 October 2017 (has links)
<p>Analizirana je helmintofauna 127 primeraka slepih mi&scaron;eva na teritoriji Srbije.<br />Sakupljene jedinke su pripadnici 12 vrsta slepih mi&scaron;eva: veliki potkovičar (<em>Rhinolophusferrumequinum </em>Schreber, 1774); tamnoliki brkati večernjak <em>(Myotis mystacinus </em>Kuhl, 1817); mali brkati večernjak (<em>M. alcathoe </em>Helversen &amp; Heller, 2001); &scaron;umski brkati večernjak (<em>M. brandtii&nbsp; </em>Eversmann, 1845); južni veliki večernjak <em>(M</em>. <em>oxygnathus </em>Monticelli, 1885); evropski veliki večernjak (<em>M. myotis </em>Borkhausen, 1797); dugodlaki slepi mi&scaron;ić(<em>Hypsugo savii </em>Bonaparte, 1837); obični slepi mi&scaron;ić(<em>Pipistrellus pipistrellus</em> Schreber, 1774); &scaron;umski slepi mi&scaron;ić (<em>P. nathusii </em>Keyserling &amp; Blasius, 1839); evropski smeđi dugou&scaron;an (<em>Plecotus auritus </em>Linnaeus, 1758); evropski sivi dugou&scaron;an <em>(P.</em> <em>austriacus </em>Fischer, 1829) i obični noćnik (<em>Nyctalus noctula</em> Schreber, 1774). Jedinke slepih mi&scaron;eva su sakupljane sa 15 lokaliteta na teritoriji Srbije: Deliblatska pe&scaron;čara, Zasavica, Valjevo, Beograd, Paraćin, Đerdap, Bor, Beljanica, Kučevo, Boljevac, Zaječar, Zlot, Medveđa, planina Tara i Ivanjica u periodu od 2001. do 2009 godine.Izolovano je ukupno 1642 jedinki parazita (787 jedinki metilja, 4 pantljičara i 851 nematoda), razvrstanih u 2 razdela, 1 podrazdel, 3 klase, 3 podklase, 1 nadred, 6 reda, 1 podred, 7 nadfamilija, 11 familija, 9 podfamilija, 12 rodova i 14 vrsta. Identifikovane vrste parazita su:&nbsp;<em> Plagiorchis koreanus</em>(Ogata, 1937),&nbsp;<em>Mesotretes peregrinus </em>(Braun, 1900),&nbsp;<em>Lecithodendrium linstowi </em>(Dollfus, 1931),&nbsp;<em>Prosthodendrium longiforme</em> (Bhalerao, 1926),&nbsp;<em>P. chilostomum </em>(Mehlis, 1831),&nbsp;<em> P. parvouterus </em>(Bhalerao, 1926), <em>Milina grisea</em>(van Beneden, 1873),&nbsp;<em>Capillaria neopulchra </em>(Babos, 1954), <em>Molinostrongylus alatus</em>(Ortlepp, 1932),&nbsp;<em>Strongylacantha glycirrhiza&nbsp; </em>(van Beneden, 1873),&nbsp;<em>Physalopterasp</em>.,&nbsp;<em>Litomosa ottavianii&nbsp;</em>(Lagrange &amp; Bettini, 1948),&nbsp;<em>Rictularia bovieri&nbsp;</em>(Blanchard, 1886) i&nbsp;<em>Seuratum mucronatum </em>(Rudolphi, 1809). Kvalitativna i kvantitativna analiza helmintofaune slepih mi&scaron;eva je prvi put rađena na području Srbije, te se date vrste domaćina mogu smatrati novim za sve konstatovane vrste parazita na teritoriji na&scaron;e zemlje. U ukupnom uzorku 93 (73.23%) jedinki domaćina bilo je invadirano parazitima. Najbrojnije u ukupnom uzorkusu bile vrste&nbsp; P. koreanus,<em>&nbsp;L. linstowii&nbsp; M. alatus</em>, sa dominacijom poslednje. Konstatovano je da pol&nbsp; ne utiče na sastav helmintofaune domaćina. Međutim, konstatovane su promene u kvalitetu i kvantitetu helmintocenoze u pojedinim sezonama.</p> / <p>The helminth fauna of 127 individuals of bats on the territory of Serbia was analyzed. The host samples consisted of 12 bat species: Greater Horseshoe Bat(Rhinolophus &nbsp; ferrumequinumSchreber, 1774); Whiskered Bat (Myotis&nbsp; mystacinusKuhl, 1817); Alcathoe Whiskered Bat (M. alcathoeHelversen &amp; Heller, 2001); Brandt &rsquo;s Bat (M. brandtiiEversmann, 1845); Lesser Mouse-eared Bat (M. oxygnathusMonticelli, 1885); Greater Mouse-eared Bat (M. myotisBorkhausen, 1797); Savi &rsquo; s Pipistrelle Bat (Hypsugo saviiBonaparte, 1837); Common Pipistrelle Bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus Schreber, 1774); Nathusius &rsquo; Pipistrelle Bat (P.&nbsp; BathusiiKeyserling &amp; Blasius, 1839); Brown Long-eared Bat (Plecotus auritusLinnaeus, 1758); Grey Long-eared Bat (P. austriacusFischer, 1829) and Noctule Bat (Nyctalus noctulaSchreber, 1774). Host semples were collected from fifteen localities throughout Serbia: Deliblato sands, Zasavica, Valjevo, Belgrade, Paraćin,&nbsp; Đerdap, Bor, Beljanica, Kučevo, Boljevac, Zaječar, Zlot, Medveđa, Tara mountain and Ivanjica in the period between2001 and 2009. A total of 1642 helminth individuals (787 individuals of digeneans, 4 cestodes and 851 nematodes) were collected from the hosts, classified into 2 phylas, 1 subphyla, 3 classes, 3 subclasses, 1 superorder, 6 orders, 1 suborder, 7 superfamilies, 11 families, 9 subfamilies, 12 generas and 14 species. Fourteen parasite species were identified: Plagiorchis koreanus(Ogata, 1937),&nbsp; Mesotretes peregrinus(Braun, 1900), Lecithodendrium linstowi(Dollfus, 1931),&nbsp; Prosthodendrium&nbsp; longiforme(Bhalerao, 1926), P. chilostomum(Mehlis, 1831),&nbsp; P. parvouterus(Bhalerao, 1926),&nbsp; Milina grisea (van Beneden, 1873),&nbsp; Capillaria neopulchra(Babos, 1954),&nbsp; Molinostrongylus alatus (Ortlepp, 1932),&nbsp; Strongylacantha glycirrhiza(van Beneden, 1873),&nbsp; Physalopterasp., Litomosa ottavianii(Lagrange &amp; Bettini, 1948),&nbsp; Rictularia bovieri(Blanchard, 1886)&nbsp; and&nbsp; Seuratum mucronatum(Rudolphi, 1809). The qualitative and&nbsp; quantitativeanalysis of the helminth fauna of bats were conducted in Serbia for the first time. Therefore all bat species can be considered new hosts for all recorded helminth species on the area of the country. Ninety-three (73.23%)&nbsp; individuals werefound to be infected with helminth parasites. The most numerous helminth species in total sample were&nbsp; P. koreanus,&nbsp; L. linstowiand&nbsp; M. alatus, which is also the most dominant. There is no evidence that the composition of helminth&nbsp; fauna depends on the sex ofthe host. However, some seasonal changes in quality and quantity of helminth community of the host are obvious.&nbsp;</p>
9

Helmintos e ácaros nasais parasitos de Pitangus sulphuratus (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), bem-te-vi, no Rio Grande do Sul / Helminths and nasal mites parasites of Pitangus sulphuratus, Great Kiskadee, (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae) in Rio Grande do Sul

Mendes, Mariana de Moura 18 November 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:31:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_mariana_moura_mendes.pdf: 1113562 bytes, checksum: 48d46dd9dafe94b682264135d3d172ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-18 / The Great Kiskadee, Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Tyrannidae), occurs only in the Americas, is distributed from the United States (Texas) to Argentina. It is the most popular bird species of Brazil and Rio Grande do Sul, being easily recognized by its onomatopoeic song, vivid colorations and aggressive behavior in a dispute over territory and when guarding the nest. These birds can be found in a wide variety of habitats such as crop fields, towns, orchards, woods and edge of aquatic environments, such as margins of ponds, streams, rivers and dams. They have skills to identify foods in natural environments and exploring food resources of anthropic origin, which contributes to its efficiency in colonizing urban environments and their abundance in various environments. The Great Kiskadee can be considered an omnivorous species, and its flexibility in their food can influence their helminthofauna, since the majority of gastrointestinal parasites are acquired through ingestion of food. Due to lack of information on parasite biodiversity of P. sulphuratus, this work was developed aimed to characterize and disseminate the helminthofauna and nasal mites that parasites the Great Kiskadee, and to calculate the parameters of prevalence, average intensity and average abundance of parasitism. Were examined 78 specimens of P. sulphuratus belonging to the municipality of Pelotas and adjacent municipalities, among those who came to death at the Center for Wildlife Rehabilitation Center and Triage of Wild Animals (NURFS / CETAS / UFPel) and were run over, collected on the highways. At the Laboratory of Parasitology of Wild Animals, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, birds were necropsied to collect helminths and nasal mites. Helminths found and their parameters of prevalence (P), average abundance (AM) and average intensity (IM) were Dispharynx nasuta (P = 3.85%, AM = 0.10, IM = 2.66), Acuaria Mayor (P = 7 , 69%, AM = 0.18, IM = 2.33), representatives of the subfamily Capillariinae (P = 10.26%, AM = 0.22, IM = 2.12), Eucoleus sp. (P = 10.26%, AM = 0.38, IM = 3.75), Aproctella sp. (P = 6.41%, AM = 0.08, MI = 1.2), Syngamus sp. (P = 7.69%, AM = 0.26, IM = 3.33), Lophosicyadiplostomum nephrocystis (P = 14.10%, AM = 3.18, MI = 22.54), Lutztrema sp. (P = 3.85%, AM = 0.08, IM = 2), Echinostoma sp. (P = 2.56%, AM = 0.15, IM = 6), Centrorhyncus spp. (P = 48.72%, AM = 3.87, IM = 7.95), and representatives of the order Ciclophyllidae (Cestoda) (P = 2.56%). The nasal mites Ptilonyssus spinosus were found with 12.82% prevalence, AM = 1.13, IM = 8.8, sex ratio 4:2, ♀ / ♂ and Sternostoma longisetosae, 5.13%, 0.13 and 2.5, respectively, all specimens were females. A parasitic association between the two species was observed in only one P. sulphuratus. Pitangus sulphuratus features a new host for helminths Dispharynx nasuta, Acuaria mayor, Capillariinae, Eucoleus sp. Aproctella sp. Syngamus sp. (Nematoda), Lutztrema sp. and Echinostoma sp. (Trematoda). That expands the area of occurrence of A. Mayor and L. nephrocystis for the state of Rio Grande do Sul. / O bem-te-vi, Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Tyrannidae), ocorre apenas nas Américas, distribui-se dos Estados Unidos (Texas) até a Argentina. É a espécie de pássaro mais popular do Brasil e do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), sendo facilmente reconhecido pelo seu canto onomatopéico, sua coloração viva e comportamento agressivo na disputa de território e guarda do ninho. Estas aves podem ser encontrados em uma ampla variedade de habitats, como campos de culturas, cidades, pomares, orla de matas e em ambientes aquáticos, tais como margens de lagoas, córregos, rios e represas. Apresentam habilidades para identificar alimentos em ambientes naturais e em explorar recursos alimentares de origem antrópica, o que contribui para sua eficiência em colonizar ambientes urbanos e sua abundância em vários ambientes. O bem-te-vi é consideradauma espécie onívora, e sua flexibilidade alimentar pode influenciar na sua helmintofauna, uma vez que a maioria dos parasitos gastrointestinais é adquirida através da ingestão de alimentos. Devido a escassez de informações sobre a biodiversidade parasitária de P. sulphuratus, desenvolveu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de conhecer a helmintofauna e ácaros nasais parasitos do bem-te-vi, bem como determinar os parâmetros de prevalência, abundância média e intensidade média de parasitismo. Foram examinados 78 espécimes de P. sulphuratus provenientes de municípios do RS, dos quais alguns vieram ao óbito no Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre e Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (NURFS/CETAS/UFPel) e outros recolhidos mortos por atropelamento nas rodovias. No Laboratório de Parasitologia de Animais Silvestres, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, as aves foram necropsiadas para coleta de helmintos e ácaros nasais. Os helmintos encontrados e respectivos parâmetros de prevalência (P), abundância média (AM) e intensidade média (IM) foram: Dispharynx nasuta (P= 3,85%, AM=0,10, IM=2,66), Acuaria mayori (P= 7,69%, AM=0,18, IM=2,33),representantes da subfamília Capillariinae (P= 10,26%, AM=0,22, IM=2,12), Eucoleus sp. (P= 10,26%, AM=0,38, IM=3,75), Aproctella sp. (P= 6,41%, AM=0,08, IM=1,2), Syngamus sp. (P= 7,69%, AM=0,26, IM= 3,33), Lophosicyadiplostomum nephrocystis (P= 14,10%, AM=3,18, IM=22,54), Lutztrema sp. (P= 3,85%, AM=0,08, IM=2), Echinostoma sp. (P= 2,56%, AM=0,15, IM=6), Centrorhyncus spp. (P= 48,72%, AM=3,87, IM=7,95) e representantes da ordem Cyclophyllidea (P= 2,56%). Os ácaros nasais encontrados foram Ptilonyssus spinosus com 12,82% de prevalência, AM=1,13, IM=8,8, razão sexual 4:2, ♀/♂ e Sternostoma longisetosae, 5,13%, 0,13 e 2,5, respectivamente, todos os exemplares eram fêmeas. A associação parasitária entre essas duas espécies de ácaros foi observada em apenas uma ave. Este achado caracteriza o primeiro relato de P. spinosus e S. longisetosae em P. sulphuratus e amplia a distribuição geográfica destas espécies, sendo a primeira ocorrência de S. longisetosae na região neotropical e primeira citação de P. spinosus no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Pitangus sulphuratus caracteriza um novo hospedeiro para os helmintos Dispharynx nasuta, Acuaria mayori, Capillariinae, Eucoleus sp., Aproctella sp., Syngamus sp. (Nematoda), Lutztrema sp. e Echinostoma sp. (Trematoda). Amplia-se a área de conhecimento de ocorrência de A. mayori, e L. nephrocystis para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
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Helmintofauna parasitária de Dasypus novemcinctus (Xenarthra: Dasypodidae) no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Helminthfauna of Dasypus novemcinctus (Xenarthra: Dasypodidae) in southern of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

Gomes, Sâmara Nunes 08 October 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:31:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_samara_nunes_gomes.pdf: 1205459 bytes, checksum: 4b65ad22706005a16a5b41efac9fe550 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-08 / Armadillos belong to the order Cingulata and are included in the superorder Xenarthra, which also belong to sloths and anteaters, hairy members of the order, which were restricted to the Neotropical region, occurring mainly in South America. Popularly known as nine banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus occurs in the southern United States to South America, with wide distribution in Brazil. They are of great importance in the epidemiology of parasitc diseases, and potential disseminators of zoonoses. Since knowledge of helminths is important because it may assist in making decisions on future actions preservationists, as well as parasite control programs in these animals in captivity in zoos, therefore, the objective was to identify the helminths that parasitize Dasypus novemcinctus, in southern Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment consisted of examining 30 specimens of D. novemcinctus from the municipalities of Arambaré, Camaquã, Cristal, São Lourenço do Sul, Capão do Leão e Pinheiro Machado, taken with the permission of SISBIO / RS and trampled on the access roads to these towns. The animals were necropsied, had their organs removed, individually and separately analyzed by stereomicroscope to collect helminths. Parasites of the phylum Nematoda were identified as Bairdascaris dasypodina, Schneidernema retusa, Aspidodera ansirupa, A. binansata, A. fasciata, Physaloptera sp., Dipetalonema sp., Capillaria sp., Moennigia lutzi, M. Moennigi and M. filamentosus. Most nematodes were found in the small intestine, except for aspidoderids and S. retusa, which were present in the cecum. The cestode found was Mathevotaenia sp. and the acanthocephalan, Centrorhynchus sp. parasitizing both the small intestine. All nematodes are being cited for the first time in this host, in Rio Grande do Sul and cestode and acanthocephalan parasite have their first record in Dasypus novemcinctus in Brazil. / Os tatus pertencem à ordem Cingulata e estão incluídos na superordem Xenarthra, à qual pertencem também as preguiças e os tamanduás, membros da ordem Pilosa, sendo restritos à região Neotropical e ocorrem predominantemente na América do Sul. Conhecido popularmente como tatu-galinha, Dasypus novemcinctus ocorre do sul dos Estados Unidos até a América do Sul, com ampla distribuição no Brasil. São de grande importância na epidemiologia de doenças parasitárias, sendo possíveis disseminadores de zoonoses. O conhecimento dos helmintos é importante, pois poderá auxiliar na tomada de decisões em ações preservacionistas, como em programas de controle parasitário destes animais quando em cativeiro nos zoológicos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os helmintos que parasitam Dasypus novemcinctus, no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. O experimento constou do exame de 30 espécimes de D. novemcinctus provenientes dos municípios de Arambaré, Camaquã, Cristal, São Lourenço do Sul, Pelotas, Capão do Leão e Pinheiro Machado, capturados mediante a autorização do SISBIO/RS bem como atropelados nas rodovias de acesso a esses municípios. Os animais foram necropsiados, tiveram seus órgãos retirados, individualizados e analisados separadamente ao estereomicroscópio para a coleta de helmintos. Os parasitos do Filo Nematoda foram: Bairdascaris dasypodina, Schneidernema retusa, Aspidodera ansirupa, A. binansata, A. fasciata, Physaloptera sp., Dipetalonema sp., Capillaria sp., Moennigia lutzi, M. moennigi e M. filamentosus. A maioria dos nematóides foi encontrada no intestino delgado, com exceção dos aspidoderídeos e de S. retusa, que estavam presentes no ceco. Da Classe Cestoda foi encontrado Mathevotaenia sp. e do Filo Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchus sp., ambos parasitando o intestino delgado. Todos os nematóides estão sendo citados pela primeira vez, neste hospedeiro, no Rio Grande do Sul e o cestóide e o acantocéfalo têm seu primeiro registro parasitando Dasypus novemcinctus no Brasil.

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