No description available.

No description available.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / Initial results of wideband channel sounding experiments sponsored by the Advanced Range Telemetry (ARTM) program are presented. Data collected at Edwards EAFB during the Winter 1998-1999, are analyzed in the frequency domain to estimate the number, strength, and delays of the significant multipath reflections observed during the experiments. We observe that the channel is adequately modeled using two or three multipath reflections. The multipath fade events are correlated with recorded bit error rates and transmitter location to provide a comprehensive overview of the channel characteristics. Summaries from two test flights are included where it is seen that the 2- and 3-ray channel models provide excellent models for the data. In general, the 3-ray model captures the essential features of the multipath interference. In this model the first multipath is a strong specular reflection with relative amplitude greater than 0.5 and relative delay in the 30 to 70 ns range. The second multipath is a much weaker reflection with relative amplitude less than 0.5 and relative delay in the 175 to 325 ns range.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California / This paper uses ARTM channel sounding data collected at Edwards Air Force Base to investigate the dependency between the characteristics of frequency selective multipath fading and carrier frequency and ground based received antenna diameter. Channel model parameters are obtained from data sets measured at different frequencies and various ground based antenna diameters. The analysis shows that the multipath characteristics do not statistically change between the L-band and S-band carrier frequencies, but do change with antenna diameter. Furthermore, Flight 18 data shows that antenna diversity may be a useful technique to reduce data loss from multipath fading.

No description available.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / Data from ARTM channel sounding test flights is examined to characterize the dynamic channel behavior of aeronautical telemetry channels. The dynamic behavior is characterized using the Doppler power spectrum. The width of the Doppler power spectrum is the Doppler bandwidth of the channel which indicates the required bandwidth of adaptive detection techniques such as adaptive equalization, adaptive modulation, adaptive channel selection and adaptive error control coding. Data collected from ARTM Flight 11 suggest a Doppler bandwidth exceeding 6.7 Hz for the channel, but greater accuracy and resolution will only be possible with more data.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California / Data collected during July 1999 at Edwards EAFB by the Advanced Range Telemetry (ARTM) program is examined to characterize the dynamic behavior of multipath interference in an aeronautical telemetry channel. Multipath fade events are analyzed in the frequency domain to show how these fades appear, evolve, and disappear from the channel. A channel model and examples from the channel sounding data are used to show the dynamic nature of these fade events. The Doppler power spectrum is used to quantify the exact time-varying nature of the multipath fade events. The coherence time, or the amount of time the channel can be viewed as unchanging, is obtained from the Doppler power spectrum and is calculated to be 100 ms in the data sets examined in this paper. This implies that adaptive multipath mitigation techniques must have an adaptation bandwidth of 10 Hz.

This dissertation is a study of error in long haul optical fiber systems and how to coupe with them. First we characterize error events occurring during transmission, then we determine lower bounds on information capacity (achievable information rates) and at the end we propose coding schemes for these systems.Existing approaches for obtaining probability density functions (PDFs) for pulse energy in long-haul optical fiber transmission systems rely on numerical simulations or analytical approximations. Numerical simulations make far tails of the PDFs difficult to obtain, while existing analytic approximations are often inaccurate, as they neglect nonlinear interaction between pulses and noise.Our approach combines the instanton method from statistical mechanics to model far tails of the PDFs, with numerical simulations to refine the middle part of the PDFs. We combine the two methods by using an orthogonal polynomial expansion constructed specifically for this problem. We demonstrate the approach on an example of a specific submarine transmission system.Once the channel is characterized estimating achievable information rates is done by a modification of a method originally proposed by Arnold and Pfitser. We give numerical results for the same optical transmission system (submarine system at transmission rate 40Gb/s).The achievable information rate varies with noise and length of the bit patterns considered (among other parameters). We report achievable numerical rates for systems with different noise levels, propagation distances and length of the bit patterns considered.We also propose two iterative decoding schemes suitable for high-speed long-haul optical transmission. One scheme is a modification of a method, originally proposed in the context of magnetic media, which incorporates the BCJR algorithm (to overcomeintersymbol interference) and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes for additional error resilience. This is a ``soft decision scheme" -meaning that the decoding algorithm operates with probabilities(instead of binary values). The second scheme is ``hard decision" -it operates with binary values. This scheme is based on the maximum likelihood sequence detection-Viterbi algorithm and a hard decision"Gallager B" decoding algorithm for LDPC codes.

[pt] Nos últimos anos a demanda por serviços de comunicações móveis tem crescido de modo significativo. Embora o serviço telefônico ainda predomine, com a popularização dos terminais móveis, a transmissão de dados (mensagens curtas, correio eletrônico, acesso à Internet, etc.) assume progressivamente uma posição relevante no mercado. Os sistemas móveis de segunda geração (2G) e da geração de transição (2,5G) ocupam atualmente as faixas de 800 / 900 MHz e 1,8 / 1,9 GHz, sendo esta última estando prevista também para a terceira geração (3G). O aumento crescente que se observa na capacidade dos sistemas móveis e a possibilidade de congestionamento do espectro em UHF são fatores que justificam investigar a utilização de freqüências mais elevadas, onde o problema da largura da faixa de transmissão é menos restritivo. Por outro lado, é de se esperar que, inicialmente, a necessidade de expansão do espectro para os serviços móveis seja crítica em áreas urbanas e suburbanas. As áreas suburbanas são importantes devido aos problemas para prover acesso banda larga nestas regiões devido a baixa capilaridade das redes de TV a Cabo e dos Modens ADSL. A demanda por banda larga faz surgir novas tecnologias, em especial Wi-Fi e WiMAX. Entretanto, as WLAN´s como Wi-Fi dependem de backhall para expansão destas redes. Assim sendo, a tecnologia WiMAX surgiu como alternativa para que se tenha uma oferta de serviços banda larga que atenda a demanda por estes serviços. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho propõe um estudo do canal em 3,5GHz (pois a mesma esta licitado para uso do WiMAX no Brasil) em áreas suburbanas por estas serem as que mais sofrem com o problema de falta de cobertura por produtos banda larga, sem ter na maioria dos casos, sua demanda atendida. O estudo será fundamentado nos fenômenos físicos que caracterizam o canal em 3,5GHz e na análise a partir de duas técnicas de sondagem OFDM e STDCC. Uma comparação entre as técnicas citadas e seu uso para caracterização de canal. / [en] In the last years the demand for services of mobile communications has grown in significant way. Although the telephonic service still predominates, with the increase of the mobile terminals, the transmission of data (short messages, e-mail, access to the Internet, etc.) it is assuming an excellent position in the market. The mobile systems of second generation (2G) and the generation of transistion (2,5G) occupy the bands of 800 currently/ 900 MHz and 1,8/ 1,9 GHz, this last one being also foreseen for third generation (3G). The increasing increase that if observes in the capacity of the mobile systems and the possibility of congestion of the specter in UHF is factors that they justify to more investigate the use of raised frequencies, where the problem of the width of the transmission band is less restrictive. On the other hand, it is of if waiting that, initially, the necessity of expansion of the specter for the mobile services is critical in urban areas. The suburban area important due the problems for supply access wideband in these regions due to problems of density these modem cable and ADSL. Actually the demand by wideband, go to the sprouting of new technologies in special Wi-Fi and WiMAX. However, the WLAN´s as Wi-Fi depend on the backhall for expansion of theses nets. Like this being, the technology WiMAX arose like alternative for that have a wide band service offering that attend the demand by these service. In this context this work proposes a study of the channel in 3,5GHz (therefore to same this licitado for use of the WiMAX in Brazil) in suburban areas by these will be the that more suffer with the cover absence problem by products wide band, without have, in the majority of the cases, its demand attended. The study will be substantiated us physical phenomena that characterize the channel in 3,5GHz and in the analysis from two techniques of survey OFDM and STDCC. A comparison between the techniques cited and his use for characterization of channel.

No description available.