published_or_final_version / abstract / Zoology / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Biological Sciences / Master / Master of Philosophy

Orientador: Silvano Bianco / Resumo: Um dos cultivos mais tradicionais, o milho tem assumido importante papel socioeconômico no Brasil, colocando-se em posição relevante no que se refere a valor da produção agropecuária, área plantada e volume produzido, em especial nas regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. Entre os fatores bióticos capazes de proporcionar redução no rendimento das culturas encontram-se as plantas daninhas. Algumas plantas daninhas de hábito trepador como as corda-de-viola e melão-de-são-caetano problemáticas em plantios agrícolas apresentam alta capacidade de dispersão e produção de sementes, podendo infestar áreas de plantio de milho, por serem facilmente dispersas por agentes dispersores. Estas podem afetar a produção produtividade, devido, principalmente, às interferências negativas impostas por sua presença, como a competição por água, nutrientes, luz e possíveis efeitos alelopáticos; bem como por serem hospedeiras de pragas, agentes causadores de doenças. Foram desenvolvidos dois estudos na Unesp/FCAV para verificar se corda-de-viola e melão-de-são-caetano causam danos a produtividade do milho. e quais seriam. Os resultados destes trabalhos relacionados a interferência causada pelo melão-de-são-caetano nos permitiram concluir que melão-de-são-Caetano interfere no crescimento, desenvolvimento e produtividade do milho ‘Maximus’ já a partir de 1 planta m-2, sendo que o efeito se acentua com o aumento da densidade. Os experimentos com corda de viola nos permitiu concluir que Ipomoea hederifolia... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: One of the most traditional crops, corn has assumed an important socioeconomic role in Brazil, placing itself in a relevant position regarding the value of agricultural production, planted area and volume produced, especially in the South, Southeast and Midwest regions. Among the biotic factors capable of reducing crop yields are weeds. Some climbing weeds such as morningglory and Momordica Charantia problems in agricultural plantations have high dispersion and seed production capacity, and can infest maize planting areas, as they are easily dispersed by dispersing agents.These can affect production productivity, due mainly to the negative interferences imposed by their presence, such as competition for water, nutrients, light and possible allelopathic effects; as well as being host to pests, disease-causing agents. Two studies were developed at the Unesp / FCAV to verify if the viola cord and the Momordica Charantia cause damage to maize productivity. and what they would be. The results of these studies related to the interference caused by the Momordica Charantia allowed us to conclude that Momordica Charantia interferes in the growth, development and productivity of 'Maximus' maize already from 1 plant m-2, being that the effect is accentuated with increasing density.The experiments with morningglory allowed us to conclude that Ipomoea hederifolia does not interfere with the growth of 'Impacto' maize plants up to the density of 16 m-2 plants, but from 2 m-2 plants there ar... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Diabetes mellitus is the most well-known endocrine dilemma suffered by hundreds of million people globally, with an annual mortality of more than one million people. This high mortality rate highlights the need for in-depth study of anti-diabetic agents. This review explores the phytochemical contents and anti-diabetic mechanisms of (cucurbitaceae). Studies show that contains several phytochemicals that have hypoglycemic effects, thus, the plant may be effective in the treatment/management of diabetes mellitus. Also, the biochemical and physiological basis of anti-diabetic actions is explained. exhibits its anti-diabetic effects via the suppression of MAPKs and NF-κβin pancreatic cells, promoting glucose and fatty acids catabolism, stimulating fatty acids absorption, inducing insulin production, ameliorating insulin resistance, activating AMPK pathway, and inhibiting glucose metabolism enzymes (fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and glucose-6-phosphatase). Reviewed literature was obtained from credible sources such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-12-12T19:38:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ReginaCarmenEsposito_TESE.pdf: 1609404 bytes, checksum: bbff08f10f8b71c6162cfba459bc5243 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-12-14T19:40:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ReginaCarmenEsposito_TESE.pdf: 1609404 bytes, checksum: bbff08f10f8b71c6162cfba459bc5243 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-14T19:40:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ReginaCarmenEsposito_TESE.pdf: 1609404 bytes, checksum: bbff08f10f8b71c6162cfba459bc5243 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 / O aumento benigno da pr?stata, mais conhecido como hiperplasia benigna da pr?stata (HBP), leva a sintomas do trato urin?rio inferior (STUI), que contribuem para diminuir a qualidade de vida dos homens acima da quarta d?cada. O mesmo vem sendo tratado, na sua maioria, por medicamentos alop?ticos do grupo dos inibidores da 5-alfa-redutase e/ou alfa-bloqueadores e/ou fitoter?picos. A literatura cient?fica apresenta uma escassez de ensaios cl?nicos randomizados, controlados com cegamento sobre a efic?cia de medicamentos homeop?ticos que j? tenham mat?ria m?dica para esta doen?a, bem como de novos rem?dios homeop?ticos. O presente estudo visou a avaliar a efic?cia do produto homeop?tico, contendo Momordica charantia 12CH, no controle dos STUI, devido ? HBP em ensaio cl?nico, randomizado, duplo cego e placebo controlado. Foram aleatorizados 81 pacientes em grupo A - Placebo e grupo B - Momordica charantia 12CH e avaliados a cada consulta pela anamnese, com o Escore Internacional de Sintomas Prost?ticos (IPSS), pelos exames de imagem com mensura??o do Volume Prost?tico (PV) e do Volume de Urina Residual P?s-esvaziamento (PVR) e laboratoriais pelo Ant?geno Prost?tico Espec?fico (PSA), Prote?na C Reativa quantitativa (PCR) e Interleucina-6 (IL-6). Em 72 amostras, foram realizados imunofenotipagem de linf?citos e subpopula??es por citometria de fluxo. Tanto a vari?vel principal (IPSS) quanto as vari?veis secund?rias (PSA, PV, PVR e PCR) e acess?rias (IL-6, linf?citos totais, linf?citos B, linf?citos T, linf?citos T helper, linf?citos T citot?xico e rela??o CD4/CD8 e c?lulas Natural Killer) n?o apresentaram signific?ncia estat?stica nas m?dias entre os grupos tratado e Placebo. Quanto ?s vari?veis de seguran?a, o uso da medica??o homeop?tica, pelos pacientes, n?o trouxe interfer?ncia durante os seis meses do experimento, seja na taxa de glicemia de jejum, seja nas dosagens de alanina aminotransferase, aspartato aminotransferase, fosfatase alcalina, bilirrubinas totais e fra??es e creatinina, usadas para avalia??o hep?tica e da fun??o renal respectivamente. A aus?ncia de infec??o urin?ria, confirmada pelo sum?rio de urina dos pacientes, predominou em ambos os grupos A e B durante todo o per?odo do ensaio cl?nico. Pode-se concluir que o tratamento com a Momordica charantia 12CH n?o apresentou diferen?a significativa para o placebo, quanto ? efic?cia no controle dos STUI, por HBP, por?m mostrou-se seguro. Pesquisas de alta qualidade, que permitam a prescri??o, a partir da individualiza??o dos sintomas e com diferentes dinamiza??es, devem ser realizadas, para possibilitar uma interpreta??o mais decisiva. / The benign enlargement of the prostate, better known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) results in symptoms of the lower urinary tract (LUTS) that contributes to lower quality of life of men over the fourth decade, and is mostly treated by allopathic drugs of the group of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and / or alpha-blockers, and / or phytotherapics. The scientific literature shows lack research from randomised and doubleblind clinical trials on the efficacy of homeopathic medicinal products that already have homeopathic medical materia and new homeopathic medicinal for BPH.The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the homeopathic product containing Momordica charantia 12CH in the LUTS control caused by BPH in a clinical, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial.A total of 81 patients were randomized to group A - Placebo and group B - Momordica charantia 12CH and evaluated at each visit by anamnesis with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), by imaging tests measured prostate volume (PV) and post-void residual (PVR) and laboratory tests for prostate specific antigen (PSA), quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and in 72 samples, lymphocyte and subpopulation immunophenotyping were performed by flow cytometry.Both the main variable (IPSS) and the secondary variables (PSA, PV, PVR and CRP) and accessory variables (IL-6, total lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD4 / CD8 ratio and Natural Killer cells) did not present statistical significance in the means between the groups treated and Placebo.About the safety variables, the use of homeopathic medication by the patients did not interfere during the six months of research, either in the fasting glucose level, as well as in the dosages of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubins and fractions and creatinine levels used for hepatic evaluation and renal function respectively.The absence of urinary infection confirmed by urinalysis of patients predominated in both groups A and B throughout the clinical trial period. It can be concluded that treatment with Momordica charantia 12CH did not show a significant difference for placebo in the efficacy in the control of STUI by BPH, but it demostrated to be safe. High quality researchs, which allows prescription, from the individualization of symptoms and with different dynamizations, must be performed, to enable more decisiveinterpretation of its effectiveness.