Despite being one of the instruments outlined in Aldophe Sax's original patent for the saxophone, and commercially available since 1849, the sopranino saxophone was generally unaccepted as a fully-fledged instrument until the late 20th century, existing solely as a novelty or a rare member of the saxophone ensemble. As such, there are few saxophonist who utilize the instrument, and the literature for the sopranino saxophone exists primarily in the contemporary idiom. Of the contemporary works for sopranino saxophone, one of the most well-known pieces is Chaya Czernowin's The Last Leaf (2011/12). While Czernowin initially conceived this work for solo oboe, she subsequently arranged a version for sopranino saxophone. Since then, it has been performed many times and recorded by several saxophonists including Ryan Muncy and Patrick Stadler. Through an examination of the score utilizing a variety of sopranino saxophone-centric contemporary resources alongside an interview with Czernowin herself, this dissertation provides the first extant performance guide to the sopranino saxophone edition of The Last Leaf, with the purpose of providing any saxophonists wishing to attempt this work with the information of Czernowin's intention for the piece and how to implement the techniques necessary for a performance.

Orientador: Luiz Claudio Di Stasi / Resumo: A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) inclui duas principais doenças: a Doença de Crohn e a Retocolite Ulcerativa, ambas caracterizadas por períodos de exacerbação dos sintomas acompanhados por intervalos prolongados de remissão. Apesar da etiologia ser pouco elucidada, sabe-se da influência de fatores genéticos, imunológicos e ambientais. A terapia farmacológica atual não é eficaz para todos os pacientes, apresenta alto custo e desencadeia diversos efeitos colaterais, portanto é necessário o desenvolvimento de novas terapias sendo que as plantas medicinais e componentes presentes na dieta, devido as suas propriedades antioxidantes e/ou imunomoduladora, apresentam uma opção atrativa como terapia complementar. A espécie Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst, popularmente conhecida como chaya, foi selecionada dada sua composição química, rica em fibra e compostos antioxidantes e suas atividades antioxidante e anti-inflamatória testadas em outras afecções. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal das folhas escaldadas e desidratadas de chaya em duas formas: como extrato metanólico 70% (100, 200 e 300 mg/kg, via oral por gavage) e como farinha incorporada na dieta nas concentrações 5, 10 e 20%, no modelo de indução de inflamação intestinal pelo ácido trinitrobenzenosulfonico (TNBS) em ratos. Para tanto, foram avaliados os parâmetros clínicos gerais (ingestão diária de alimentos, peso corporal, diarréia), parâmetros macroscópicos da l... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) comprise two major diseases, Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis, both characterized by periods of exacerbation of symptoms accompanied by prolonged remission intervals. Although the etiology is not certain elucidated, the influence of genetic, immunological and environmental factors is well known. The current pharmacological therapy is not effective for all patients, due to a high cost and triggers several side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new therapies and medicinal plants with their antioxidant and/or immunomodulatory properties are an attractive option as complementary therapy. Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst, popularly known as chaya, was selected because of its chemical composition, rich in fiber and antioxidant compounds and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity tested in other diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of the blanched and dehydrated Chaya leaves in two preparations: as a 70% methanol extract (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, oral route by gavage) and as flour incorporated in the diet at 5%, 10% and 20% concentrations in the experimental model of intestinal inflammation induced by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) in rats. For that, clinical parameters (daily food intake, body weight, diarrhea), macroscopic damage (score, lesion extension, weight/length ratio and adherence), biochemical parameters (quantification of total glutathione con... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

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