Syfte Syftet med denna studie har varit att med hjälp av intervjuer undersöka hur skolpersonal och föräldrar uppfattar betydelsen av motorisk träning för barn med ADHD/DAMP. I detta ligger att undersöka på vilket sätt barnens motorik, koncentrationsförmåga samt sociala förmåga påverkas av fysisk aktivitet, och på vilket sätt diagnosen ADHD/DAMP ställer krav på pedagogiska förhållningssätt. Metod Vi har gjort en litteraturgenomgång och en kvalitativ intervjustudiestudie. Urvalsgruppen från St: Örjans skolor har bestått av två pedagoger, en idrottslärare, en assistent och en förälder. Samtliga inom skolpersonalsgruppen hade många års erfarenhet inom området. Vi har använt oss av halvstrukturerande intervjuer som lagts upp utifrån följande temaområden: skolpersonal och förälders syn på fysisk aktivitet/motorisk träning för barn med ADHD/DAMP, den fysiska aktivitetens påverkan på barnen, förhållningssätt och bemötande samt barnet/barnens anpassningsförmåga till aktivitet. Resultat och slutsats Vad man kan urskönja av resultatet är att samtliga intervjupersoner i denna studie är ense om att fysisk aktivitet och motorisk träning är av stor betydelse för barn med ADHD/DAMP. Något som de intervjuade tryckte på var den fysiska aktivitetens betydelse för barnens sociala utveckling, här sågs idrotten som en viktig arena. Genom idrott och fysisk aktivitet får barnen lära sig att umgås med andra, visa hänsyn, respekt, empati och förstå att andra människor har känslor. Den sistnämnda förmågan saknas ofta hos dessa barn. Vad det gäller motoriken behöver dessa barn mycket träning och enligt litteraturen kan denna träning på sikt ge goda resultat. Noterbart i studien är dock att det råder delade meningar om att koncentrationsförmågan kan påverkas av fysisk aktivitet. Även intervjupersonerna menar att det inte med säkerhet går att säga att koncentrationen förbättras av fysisk aktivitet. Trots att vi har kommit i kontakt med erfarna personer inom detta område, anser vi inte riktigt att vi fått ut det vi förväntat oss. Detta kan bero på att våra och de intervjuades praktiskt pedagogiska kunskaper skiljer sig åt. I resultatet framträder det att de intervjuade har svårt att i mer preciserad form tala om motorisk träning, vilket gör att den röda tråden i deras beskrivningar är svår att läsa av. Slutsatsen är att de intervjuade anser att fysisk aktivitet och motorisk träning har en påtaglig betydelse för barn med ADHD/DAMP i relation till barnens sociala, emotionella och motoriska utveckling samt till viss del deras koncentrationsförmåga.

Psykologiska bedömningar av föräldrar beskrivs sällan som en mer uttalad och tydlig del av arbetet inom barn- och ungdomspsykiatri, utan det är i hög grad ett underförstått arbetsområde. Syftet med den här undersökningen var att beskriva hur arbetet med psykologiska bedömningar av föräldrar konceptualiseras och praktiseras under det inledande skedet av behandlingskontakter inom BUP. Nio psykologer vid sju öppenvårdsmottagningar intervjuades och intervjuerna analyserades tematiskt. En viktig aspekt som framkommer i resultatet är hur det gemensamma arbetet mellan psykolog och förälder för att etablera en arbetsallians erbjuder goda möjligheter till psykologiska bedömningar av föräldern. Under arbetet med alliansen, och med alliansen som bas, kan olika former av systematik och modeller för psykologiska bedömningar tillämpas. Resultatet indikerar också att arbetsalliansens centrala betydelse för bedömningsarbetet är tydligt relaterad till organisationens påverkan på det arbetet, liksom till betydelsen av psykologisk kompetens vid arbete med psykologiska bedömningar av föräldrar.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 115 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-115). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Thesis--Lund. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 178-184).

Collecting and aggregating timely and rigorous data for sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (SRMNCAH) services and outcomes evaluation in humanitarian settings is essential for accountability and transparency. However, reliable SRMCNAH data are scarce in such settings, and the quality of available data often varies across different humanitarian settings. Establishing a core set of SRMNCAH indicators that are feasible to collect in all humanitarian settings is the first step in developing and implementing a common core framework for monitoring SRMNCAH programs in such settings. Led by the World Health Organization, in 2018 a group of global experts in the SRMNCAH field proposed a core list of indicators for inclusion in routine data collection systems. In 2019-2022, a team at the University of Ottawa in partnership with local investigators led multi-method feasibility assessments in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Jordan to understand the feasibility, relevance, and acceptability of the proposed core indictors. In this thesis I report on the results from the multi-methods assessment in Afghanistan. Based on a desk review, key informant interviews, facility assessments, facility observation sessions, and focus group discussions in three provinces, we explored national stakeholders’ perspectives on SRMNCAH data collection, in general, and the proposed indicator list, in particular. The findings of this assessment and the results from the other three countries will help stakeholders reach a consensus on the final list of SRMNCAH indicators that are feasible for collection in all humanitarian settings.

Over the past 20 years, child and adolescent community mental health has evolved conceptually, clinically, and scientifically towards the community-based systems of care model. This model asserts important values and principles, including the centrality of the child and family in the care process, the integration of the efforts of disparate agencies and interveners into a contextual approach, and the importance of serving children with serious disturbances in their homes and communities. The article reviews the evolution of the community-based systems of care model, its evidence-base, its application in practice, and the challenges it faces in today's human services environment.

The consequences of childhood bereavement are two-fold, in the pain he/ she suffers at the time of the death, and in future psychiatric disorders which can follow unresolved mourning. The bereaved child needs a familiar and responsible adult outside the family to help him/her cope with his/her grief, because parents are sometimes emotionally absent from him/her due to their own grief or they seek to "protect" the child from the pain of the loss. This study presents a programme given to 164 primary school teachers from nine schools in Cape Town to educate them in how to help the bereaved child in the classroom situation, so that they can fill the role of an outside responsible adult in the life of the bereaved child. 78 bereavements occurred in the nine schools in the year of the study. It was found that the teachers responded positively to the training programme and that they perceived it to be helpful in dealing with a bereaved child.

This master’s thesis examines the motives behind the establishment of the child and adolescent psychiatry in Sweden as a public health institution during the 1940’s and 1950’s. Children’s welfare was an ongoing question during this period of time and a political matter often discussed. The political perspective used in the thesis has managed to illuminate results of a more political nature in relation to previous research which has been focusing more on the medical reasons behind the institution’s development. The results from my analysis show that the development of the child and adolescent psychiatry can be explained through Kathleen Thelen’s models of explanations including an utilitarian-funcionalistic explanation and a cultural-sociological one, explaining that an institution develops both due to more specific problems with the goal to benefit as many as possible. An institution also develops due to a cultural surrounding where it exists commonly known believes about which solutions are the most moral, legitimate or even the only ways to act. My results show that the establishment was founded on a basis of the Swedish welfare society where certain political goals demanded certain political solutions, the establishment of the Swedish child and adolescent psychiatry being one of the solutions. A range ofmotivesthathasbeenuncovered inthestudycanallberelatedtofeaturesoftheSwedish welfare state, such as universalism, social order, centralisation, state control and state tending. In this political landscape the institution child and adolescent psychiatry became a tool for investing in the future, aiming at sustaining certain achievements and to reach certain goals.

Introduction: Maternal antenatal depression is associated with increased risk of adverse offspring outcomes, which manifest in approximately 20% of infants. However, the mechanisms by which risk is transferred from mother to infant, and the factors determining susceptibility to antenatal mood disturbance, remain poorly understood. Objectives: The primary objectives of this thesis are to investigate whether: (i) Antenatal depression is associated with alterations of the maternal and infant Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. (ii) The infant serotonin transporter genotype (5-HTTLPR) confers susceptibility to antenatal mood disturbance. Methods: This thesis is an analysis of two different cohorts. First, 103 pregnant women were recruited in Oxford, UK. Participants’ self-reported antenatal mood, and salivary cortisol was assessed in response to a stressor and diurnally. 88 participants were visited two months post-birth. Mothers reported postnatal mood and infant temperament. Infant cortisol responses to inoculation were assessed, as was infant DNA methylation. Analysis of this cohort addresses the first objective of this thesis. Next, data from the ALSPAC cohort was analysed to address the second objective. Maternal-reported antenatal mood and infant behaviour up to 7 years was available, as was 5-HTTLPR genotype data for over 4,000 infants. Results: Antenatal depression was not associated with increased maternal cortisol during pregnancy. Neither antenatal depression nor cortisol was associated with infant cortisol reactivity or temperament. Antenatal depression predicted increased NR3C1 DNA methylation in males, and decreased BDNF DNA methylation in male and female infants. Infant 5-HTTLPR genotype did not moderate associations between antenatal mood disturbance and behavioural difficulties. Conclusions: This thesis does not support the theory that antenatal depression exerts influence on infant development via increased activity of the maternal and infant HPA axis; however, changes in infant DNA methylation may be a mediating mechanism. Further, susceptibility to antenatal mood may be more complex than previously thought.