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The Use of Social Stories to Teach Social and Behavioral Skills to Preschool Children with Moderate to Severe AutismAntle, Michelle Lynne 01 January 2004 (has links)
Previous research has indicated success using Social Stories with preschoolers with mild levels of autism. The purpose of this study was to determine if Social Stories implemented in the home setting would be effective with preschool children diagnosed with moderate to severe autism. Social Stories were implemented with 3 male preschool-aged participants. Two were classified as in the moderate range and one was in the severe range of autism. A variety of socially inappropriate behaviors were addressed including inappropriate dinnertime behaviors, transitioning to bedtime, and inappropriate touching. Data revealed no significant change in target behaviors (dinnertime behaviors and transitioning to bedtime) exhibited by moderately functioning preschool children. However, data did reveal a decrease in the frequency of inappropriate touching from the child who fell in the severe range of functioning. It is not clear from the current research whether it was the severity level of autism or the types of target behaviors that may have resulted in a lack of success using the Social Story intervention.
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Acupuncture and autism spectrum disorders: anassessor-blinded randomized controlled trailWong, Chau-lai., 王秋麗. January 2008 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine / Master / Master of Philosophy
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Auditory-verbal rehabilitation: influence of the hand cue technique on acoustic parametersYung, Joanne., 容靜雯. January 2004 (has links)
published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Speech and Hearing Sciences / Master / Master of Science in Audiology
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Gait Characteristics of Children Stepping over Obstacles /Thawinchai, Nuanlaor. Orlin, Margo N. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Drexel University, 2005. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-125).
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The efficacy of the neurodevelopmental therapy treatment approach in 4-7 year old children with cerebral palsyFitzpatrick, Louise. 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Although the neurodevelopmental therapy (NDT) treatment approach is used extensively in the management of
children with cerebral palsy, there is currently very little documented research to support its efficacy. The purpose of
this study was to evaluate the efficacy of NDT in terms of its effect on motor function in a group of 10 cerebral palsy
children. A multiple simple single-subject design was used in which the children each acted as their own controls. A
5 week baseline period, during which no intervention was received by the children, was followed by a 5 week
intervention phase during which the children received twice weekly NDT treatment. The children were assessed at
the beginning and end of each phase using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), and an assessment tool,
which allowed the establishment of individualised outcome measures, called TELER. The group of children
demonstrated no statistically significant gains in motor function on either of the outcome measures during the
baseline phase of the study. However during the intervention phase the overall improvements demonstrated by the
group on both the GMFM and TELER were statistically significant. Nine out of the ten children achieved greater
improvements in their goal total GMFM scores during the intervention phase than during the baseline phase.
Similarly all of the children achieved a greater number of clinically significant improvements on the TELER
outcome measures. NDT was beneficial and useful in promoting motor function in this group of cerebral palsy
children. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Alhoewel die Neuro-ontwikkelingsterapie (NOT) behandelingsbenadering wydeverspreid gebraik word in die
behandeling van kinders met serebrale verlamming, is daar huidiglik baie min gedokumenteerde navorsing om die
effektiwiteit daarvan te staaf. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die effektitiwiteit van NOT te evalueer met
betrekking tot die impak daarvan op die motoriese funksie van ‘n groep van 10 kinders met serebrale verlamming. ‘n
Veelvuldige eenvoudige enkeling -subjek raamwerk is gebruik waarvolgens die kinders elk as hul eie kontrolegoep
ageer het. ‘n 5-weke basislyn fase, waartydens die kinders aan geen intervensies onderwerp is nie, is gevolg deur ‘n
5-weke intervensie fase waartydens die kinders twee keer per week NOT behandeling ontvang het. Die kinders is
geevalueer aan die begin en einde van elke fase met die Oorhoofse Motoriese Funksie Maatstaf (OMFM)/Gross
Motor Function Measure (GMFM), asook ‘n evalueringsmaatstaf genaamd TELER, wat die bepaling van
geindivualiseerde resultate moontlik gemaak het. Die groep kinders het geen statistics bewese vordering in motoriese
fiinksies getoon volgens beide die evalueringsmaatstawwe tydens die basislyn fase van die studie nie. Daarteenoor
het die groep tydens die intervensie fase oorhoofs gesproke statistics bewese vordering getoon met betrekking tot
beide die OMFM en die TELER. Nege uit die 10 kinders het groter vordering getoon met hul totale OMFM resultate
tydens die intervensie fase as gedurende die basislyn fase. A1 die kinders het tegelykertyd ‘n groter hoeveelheid
substantiewe kliniese verbeterings getoon met betrekking tot hul TELER uitkomste. NOT was voordelig en nuttig in
terme van die verbetering van motoriese funksie in die groep van serebraal verlamde kinders.
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Early Communicative Behaviors in a Two Year Old Child with a Cochlear Implant in an Auditory-Verbal ProgramOkon, Martis R. (Martis Rebecca) 12 1900 (has links)
The communicative interchanges of a congenitally deaf child who received a cochlear implant at 24 months of age were videotaped in fifteen hourly sessions over a nine month period while she participated in auditory-verbal therapy prior to and following implantation. The present study examined
selected early communicative behaviors. Using Tait's (1993) protocol for charting communicative adult-child interaction, gestures, eye-gaze, and sound uttered either by the child or an adult during communicative interchanges were transcribed from the videotapes.
Results corresponded with Tait's, revealing growth in the child's communicative interaction across sessions. In less than three months following implantation phonemic measures rose dramatically. Almost all phonemic measure correlations were significant, high, and positive.
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Pragmatic communicative competence in rehabilitated language-impaired preschool children.Joffe, Beverly Sandra January 1990 (has links)
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO
THE DEPARTMENT OF SPEECH PATHOLOGY AND AUDIOLOGY,
FACULTY OF ARTS,
UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND,
JOHANNESBURG
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN
SPEECH PATHOLOGY / Aspects of communicative competence encompassing
syntactic, pragmatic and social skill dimensions were
examined in preschool children. Subjects comprised five
language-impaired children who had been declared
remediated after a period of language therapy
(Age 5.0-6.5) and five children of the same age
considered to be linguistically normal. unstructured
mother/child interactions yielded language samples
which were analysed according to the Language
Assessment Remediation and Screening procedure.
Structured child/unfamiliar interlocutor dyadic
interactions were analysed in terms of the Behavioural
Inventory of Speech Act Performances and according to a
devised pragmatic addendum. Social skill profiles were
obtained by means of the Devereaux Elementary school
Behaviour Rating Scale. No statistical differences
occurred between groups on linguistic, pragmatic and
social skill dimensions. Individual profiles of certain
presumably remediated subjects revealed ineffective
communicative modes in a structured dyadic context as
well as communicative deficits and behavioural problems
in the classroom situation.
Significant correlations emerged among various
linguistic pragmatic and social skill parameters.
Theoretical and clinical implications of these
correlations and of deficits uncovered by particular
measures in different contexts, are discussed. / Andrew Chakane 2018
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The Influence of Upper Extremity Intensive Motor Learning Intervention on Inter-Limb Coordination in Children with Unilateral Spastic Cerebral PalsySidiropoulos, Alexis January 2018 (has links)
Continuous inter-limb coordination is the movement relationship between body limb segments (e.g. an arm and a leg) (Magill & Anderson, 2014) and is organized within the framework of the characteristics of the environmental conditions, the task demands, and the limb dynamics (e.g. the action capabilities of the individual) (Holt et al., 2000). When maximal coordination is achieved, stability, which is the defined as the system’s ability to offset a perturbation (Li et al., 2005), is optimized (Meyns et al., 2012). Individual coordinative relationships provide insights into neuromuscular deficiencies and their corresponding coordination difficulties (Kurz & Stergiou, 2004), such as those affecting children with cerebral palsy (CP) (Meyns et al., 2012). CP describes a group of neurodevelopmental disorders attributed to a non-progressive disturbance in the developing brain (Bax et al., 2005). Children with unilateral spastic CP (USCP), the most common subtype (Odding et al., 2006), are affected on one side of their body, experience problems with bimanual coordination, and indicate lower levels of inter-limb coordination and stability compared to their typically developing peers. This can affect both their functional independence and quality of life (Steenbergen et al., 2008; Meyns et al., 2012). To date, no study has evaluated whether inter-limb coordination of this population during a gross motor task can be improved with treatment. The goals of this study were to evaluate continuous inter-limb coordination and stability in children with USCP compared to typically developing children (TDC) and to determine if coordination and stability of children with USCP could be improved with intensive upper extremity (UE) intervention. Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) and Hand Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy (HABIT) were employed to both improve UE function and determine whether inter-limb coordination and stability are also improved. A total of 33 age-matched children participated, divided evenly into three groups of Treatment (n=6, CIMT; n=5, HABIT), No-Treatment, and Typically Developing. Vicon 3-D motion capture was used to collect movement data. Continuous measures of coordination using relative phase analysis, including Mean Absolute Relative Phase (MARP) and Deviation Phase (DP) were used to quantify coordination (MARP) and stability (DP) during novel, gross motor tasks of standing and in-place marching with symmetric and asymmetric arm swing. Results indicated that children with USCP have a lower level of coordination compared to TDC (p<0.05), but there is no difference in the stability of their patterns (p>0.05). This indicates that all children have difficulty producing consistent cyclical movements with their arms, regardless of pathology. All children also demonstrated greater difficulty coordinating their UE during the in-place marching tasks compared to the standing tasks (p<0.05), which may be due to the inherent increase in degrees of freedom associated with the addition of the lower extremities to the task. Treatment of either CIMT or HABIT improved coordination between the arms (p<0.05), but also decreased stability between the more affected arm and leg during the in-place marching tasks (p<0.05) with symmetric and asymmetric arm swing, respectively. This decrease in stability may represent the children’s inability to consistently execute the same cyclical movements for an extended period of time due to their newly learned patterns resulting from improvements in UE function after treatment. This is the first study to identify similarities in stability between TDC and children with USCP and to demonstrate improvements in continuous, inter-limb coordination after intensive UE intervention in this pathologic population. The finding that TDC do not indicate greater stability in their motor patterns may imply that their patterns are not yet mature. Therefore, it may be efficacious to intervene at a young age to ensure correct coordinative patterns are learned and become stable as the child matures. Evidence that both function and continuous coordination between the arms are improved after intervention also suggests that with increased gross motor practice during the intervention, continuous inter-limb coordination may improve in a greater variety of tasks. Due to the prominence and accessibility of UE interventions, implementation of more gross motor tasks may be an economical way to advance coordination, which can positively impact activities of daily living and increase participation in community activities in children with USCP.
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Using service quality gap model to evaluate children rehabilitation qualityChang, Chiung-Wen 11 April 2012 (has links)
Objective:
The purpose of the study is to explore the gap of service quality between pediatric therapist and family of children with disabilities. Service Quality Model and SERVQAL were used to evaluate and compare expectations and performance of service quality for pediatric therapist and family members. Based on the research results, pediatric therapist and rehabilitation department can adjust the service quality and responsiveness.
Method:
Pediatric therapists and family of children with disabilities from 7 hospitals or rehabilitation clinics in Kaohsiung area completed an adapted SERVQUAL questionnaire. A total of 60 SERVQUAL questionnaires from pediatric therapists and 228 questionnaires from family members were distributed. Fifty-four questionnaires from pediatric therapists and 209 questionnaires from family were returned (response rate is 90% and 91%, respectively). The collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way ANOVA by using SPSS Windows version 17.0.
Result:
(1) The dimension of assurance was ranked the most important in expectations and performance of service quality for pediatric therapists and family of children. (2)The major expectation gap between pediatric therapists and family of children is the dimension of Responsiveness, and then Empathy. (3)The major gap between expectations and performance of service quality for pediatric therapists is the dimension of Tangibles. (4)The factor influences expectation of service quality is sex of pediatric therapists and family of children, autism diagnosis, and the level of the disabilities handbook. The factor influences performance of service quality is sex of pediatric therapists, the level of hospitals where therapists work, autism diagnosis, and the level of the disabilities handbook .
Conclusion:
For family of children with disabilities, it is very important that pediatric therapists not only get professional knowledge but also with abundant working experience. About service quality, pediatric therapists shall maintain professional and reliable services. The study suggests the tangible quality can be improved such as facilities, assistive device, environment cleaning, and parking problem.
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The effectiveness of a centre-based early intensive behavioural intervention in a young child with autistic disorder.Simons, Nikki Lyn. January 2008 (has links)
While there is considerable evidence that applied behaviour analysis (ABA) is an efficacious
treatment for Autistic Disorder (AD) in a controlled research setting, the effectiveness of current
applications of ABA in the South African context have not yet been established. The aim of the
present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intensive ABA programme for a young child
with AD. A single case study was conducted using a within-subject, repeated measures, evaluation
design. The ABA treatment, an applied verbal behaviour version ofABA (AVB/ABA), was
implemented by behaviour consultants and technicians at TRIAD (Therapy and Research in
Autistic Disorders): a private centre in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, that specialises in the behavioural
treatment of children with AD. The subject was a young boy, who was diagnosed with AD at the
age of 21 months, initiated treatment at TRIAD at 22 month of age, and underwent 20 hours of
treatment per week over a 22 month period. Cumulative outcome data across all learning domains
was obtained using the standard outcome measure at the centre: the Assessment of Basic Language
and Learning Skills (ABLLS). The ABLLS was administered by a senior behaviour consultant on
five occasions, namely at baseline (i.e., at 0 months); at various intervals throughout the
intervention (at 2,3, and 14 months); and in the final week of the study period (at 22 months).
Results were tabulated and converted into linear graph format by the researcher. In addition, the
caregiver was asked to rate the child's progress on a five point Likert scale as a means of
establishing the social validity of the behaviour change. Visual inspection of the linear graphs
revealed that the subject improved considerably across all ABLLS domains over the 22 month
period and the child's caregiver rated that his behaviour had "significantly improved" since the
onset of the intervention. In addition, at the end of the 22 month treatment period, the subject was
enrolled in a mainstream school with the assistance of an aide and was engaging with same-age
peers. The present study thus provides support for the effectiveness of the AVBIABA programme
at TRIAD, contributes to the existing ABA outcome literature, and provides further evidence for the
efficacy of the AVB approach to ABA. Furthermore, results confirm the role of predictor variables,
such as age at onset, hours of treatment, skill acquisition rates, and parental involvement. Finally,
given the gains made in the present study, it is suggested that the initial cost of intensive treatment
may be economical in the long term. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2008.
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