Inaug.-Diss.--Leipzig. / Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 1996. / Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 674-727).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 1996. / Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 674-727).

This thesis reviews the architectural context of four churches in western Cilicia. These churches, namely the East Church at Alahan, the Cupola Church at Meryemlik, the Domed Ambulatory Church at Dagpazari, and the Tomb Church at Corycus, have been tentatively grouped by Stephen Hill under the name of Domed Basilicas based on their resemblance to the early 6th century models in Constantinople, the most famous being the Hagia Sophia. However, the dome comes forward in the Constantinopolitan context mainly as a feature in the establishment of a new architectural scheme that integrates a vertical axis into the oblong horizontal axiality of the basilica. Firstly, this thesis suggests that a similar integration visible in the planning of the Cilician churches is the essential point that needs to be studied. This seems to have been ignored by previous research. Consequently, the analytical approach that has concentrated on the possibility of a dome is criticized and a spatial interpretation is attempted. Moreover, as some scholars propose, these provincial examples might be the possible source of influence for the capital, if they are a local model dated to the end of the 5th century. Thus, issues pertaining to function, dating and patronage are overviewed, in order to obtain a wider perspective of interpretation. Finally, the general information concerning the Cilician examples was found to be based on surprisingly scanty and unverifiable physical testimony which points to the urgency and necessity of further fieldwork.

Kinet H&ouml / y&uuml / k with its 3.3 ha size, is multi-period site located on the iskenderun Gulf of Eastern Cilicia. The research subject is: Middle ronze II (1800-1600 .C) burnt uilding complex located in the east terrace of the mound. The part of the building that has been exposed is representing the general characteristics of Levantine style monumental architecture of MBII with its 50 m exposure. The primary goal of the thesis is to understand the function of this specific building in its local context and to compare the building with similar building in Anatolia, Syria and the Levant to see the cultural interaction that is visible in the architectural evidence. Thje widely accepted conventions for the mound size and the settlement activity patterns are re-examined in the final chapter on the basis of the contradictory relationship between the size of the settlement and the monumental architecture at Kinet H&ouml / y&uuml / k.

The &Ccedil / ukurova Region (Cilicia) is an alluvial plain enriched by the rivers of Seyhan and Ceyhan, surrounded by the Taurus mountain range in the North and West and the Amanos Mountains in the east / and stretching from the skirts of the Bolkar-Aladag massif to Mediterranean Sea at its southern most extension. The region is thus an inaccessible marginal zone except only reachable through several mountains passes from the Anatolian Plateau or from the sea through the harbour towns. The research subject of this thesis is to evaluate the region and the changes in the settlement pattern, covering the time period from the Middle Bronze Age (ca. 1900-1650 B.C.) to the end of Late Bronze Age (ca. 1200 B.C.) by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to analyse archaeological survey data. Data sets are collected from old and recent archaeological surveys and spatially analysed under a set of parameters (density and proximity) in order to define the habitation patterns throughout the mentioned time periods. An effort was made to challenge the theory that settlement pattern changes were resulted from the impact of the Imperial Hittite policy in the LBA, and some alternative suggestions are presented.

The thesis deals with the description and analysis of the various forms of relations between the Republic of Venice and the Kingdom of Cilicia in the period 1199-1175, during the existence of the kingdom. In introduction it provides a brief overview of the historical development of both states, with emphasis on common developmental stages in the mentioned period. The core analyzes primary sources of narrative and official character which reflect the relations of both states.

La Cilicie – improprement appelée «Petite Arménie » - est un État, qui a eu une histoire riche mais relativement courte (fin XIe - fin XIVe siècle). La principauté roubênienne de Cilicie (à partir de 1198 – un royaume) se trouve dans le sud-est de l'Asie Mineure.Disposée à la croisée des voies commerciales et stratégiques, la Cilicie est la zone charnière et pratiquement incontournable entre l'Europe méditerranéenne et le Proche-Orient. La Cilicie arménienne - un État plus ou moins de issu de migrations forcées – affronta tout au long de son existence des attaques, voire des invasions innombrables.Au long de son histoire trois fois séculaire, elle fut exposée aux attaques venant de divers côtés: Europe, Byzance, sultanat de Roûm, émirats syriens et Égypte ayyoûbide, puis, surtout, mameloûke. Pendant toute son existence, la Cilicie essaie de maintenir son indépendance et de défendre son territoire contre les envahisseurs. Ainsi, l'Art militaire (stratégie, tactique, armement, composition de l'armée etc.) des Arméniens de Cilicie, ainsi que leur idée national se développe avec l'esprit de défense.La défense, ou stratégie défensive, constitue, avec l'offensive, l'une des deux formes principales de la stratégie opérationnelle. Elle implique une posture de résistance utilisant l'ensemble des moyens d'interdiction de l'action adverse. Bien qu'elle ait recours à l'ensemble des fonctions tactiques nécessaires à la réalisation des opérations militaires (contre-attaque, raid, offensive), c'est à la protection qu'elle confère le rôle majeur. Le choix stratégique d'une posture défensive détermine les modalités d'engagement pour chacune des dimensions : opérations, bataille, combat et chacun des éléments de la guerre.L'étude de la défense de l'Arménie cilicienne est un sujet novateur. Avec le plan de la recherche bien développé, nous avons tenté d'étudier non seulement l'histoire militaire de la Cilicie, mais aussi son contexte sociale et politique, les détailles techniques et le rôle de l'église dans l'affaire militaire.Pour notre recherche nous avons exploité de nombreuses sources d'origines diverses. En effet, outre les sources arméniennes, nous avons examiné les sources latines, grecques, arabes, syriaques (pour les deux dernières en traduction). Seule, la méthode de croisement des sources et de comparaison des traditions militaires nous a permis de compléter les lacunes de l'information nous fait espérer que nous sommes parvenue à des conclusions novatrices.Le dépouillement des sources nous a permis de commencer à traiter certains points jamais étudiés, par exemple le costume et l'armement d'un combattant arméno-cilicien (y compris l'utilisation et la typologie des armes blanches), la stratégie et la tactique dans l'armée cilicienne, la poliorcétique et les machines de siège. D'autres thèmes (comme pendant la période de la Reconquête byzantine), peu étudiés jusqu'ici, ont également été traités, comme l'espionnage en Cilicie, ou encore la guerre navale conduite par les Arméniens ciliciens. Parmi les autres questions, le rôle de l'Eglise dans l'armée arménienne est également abordé.La nouveauté de notre thèse consiste peut-être dans la méthode appliquée. Dans notre recherche, nous avons essayé non seulement de déterminer les éléments historiques (les rencontres et les batailles) mais aussi de développer la problématique qui existe autour de ces conflits, en cherchant à trouver leurs racines. En nous posant les questions comment ? et pour quel but ?, nous pouvons livrer beaucoup plus d'informations et, ainsi, nous arrivons à expliquer les événements historiques du point de vue militaire. / Cilicia - also known as the Cilician Armenia, Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, Kingdom of Cilicia or New Armenia - was a medieval State, which had a rich, but relatively short history (from the end of XI till late fourteenth century). The principality of Armenian princes' roubênienne of Cilicia (from 1198 - a kingdom) was located in the southeast of Asia Minor.Placed at the intersection of commercial and strategic roads, Cilicia was an unavoidable area between Mediterranean Europe and the Middle East. Throughout its existence Armenian Cilicia - a state formed more or less from forced migration - faced attacks or numerous invasions.Throughout a history spanning across three centuries, Cilicia was exposed to attacks from various sides: Europe, Byzantium, Sultanate of Rum, Ayyubid emirates, Egypt and Syria, and, above all, Mamluk. In the period of three centuries Cilicia tries to maintain its independence and defend its own territory against invaders. Thus, the Military Art of the Armenians of Cilicia (tactical strategy, weaponry, composition of the army etc.), and their national idea develops with spirit of defense.Defense, or defensive strategy, along with the offensive, is one of the two main forms of military strategy. It involves a posture of resistance using all the means for preventing the opposing action. Event that the defensive strategy uses all tactical functions necessary to achieve the military conflict (against attack, raid, offensive), that is the defense it gives the major role. The strategic choice of a defensive posture determines all dimensions or military Art of Cilicians: operations, battle and each element of the war.The study of the defense of Cilician Armenia is an innovative topic. We tried to study not only the military history of Cilicia, but also its social and political context, the technical details as and the role of the church in the military case.For our research we used many different original sources. In fact, besides the Armenian sources, we examined the Latin, Greek, Arabic, Syriac (the last two in translation) texts. Only the method of crossing of sources and comparing military traditions gave us hope that we have succeeded in innovative conclusions.This method has allowed us to instigate some issues never discussed, for example the armor and weapons of Cilician Armenian fighter (including the use and types of knives), strategy and tactics in the Cilician army, siege warfare and siege machines. We also treated other topics such as espionage in Cilicia, or naval warfare conducted by the Cilician Armenians. Among other questions, the role of the Church in the Armenian army is also discussed.The method applied in our research is perhaps the novelty of this work. In our investigation, we tried not only to determine the historical events (encounters and battles) but also to develop the problem that exists around these conflicts, trying to find their origins. By asking the questions how? and for what?, we can deliver a lot more information, and thus we can explain the historical events from a military point of view.

L’objectif de cette thèse est d'envisager la piraterie ancienne dans la longue durée, à la lumière des recherches menées par N. Purcell et P. Horden sur la Méditerranée antique. Elle s’appuie en premier lieu sur une étude des mots grecs et latins liés à la piraterie et de ses représentations dans les sources écrites anciennes. Ce travail est complété par une relecture de l’historiographie moderne qu’il est aussi nécessaire d’analyser dans son contexte historique afin d’écarter toutes les images afférant à notre notion. Alors qu'elle a été jusqu'à présent abordée dans un cadre événementiel, on entend mettre l'accent sur les structures du raid antique, en s'inscrivant dans le long terme. Ainsi, les pirates n'apparaissent plus seulement comme la face négative du commerce maritime, mais comme des agents d'échanges et de production de richesse. L’étude approfondie de deux régions de la Méditerranée (Cilicie, mer des Baléares) permet enfin de mettre en évidence les structures micro-locales et les dynamiques économiques, sociales, territoriales, géopolitiques qui ont permis et entretenu l’activité de prédation. Au terme de cette étude, nous proposons d’analyser la piraterie dans toute sa diversité grâce à une typologie nouvelle : le pirate imaginé, le pirate commerçant et le pirate opportuniste. / The purpose of this doctoral work is to consider ancient piracy over a long period of time, in the new light of the research recently carried out by N. Purcell and P. Horden on the ancient Mediterranean. This dissertation begins with a study of the Greek and Latin words related to piracy, and of the representation of the latter in ancient written sources. This work is completed by a new reading of the modern historiography, which needs to be examined in the light of its own historical context in order to dismiss the images commonly related to the notion of piracy. While piracy has so far been studied from a factual angle, this dissertation aims at focusing on the structures of ancient raid through a long-term perspective. This shift in perspective enables to consider pirates not simply as a negative side of maritime trade, but more deeply as agents of trade and as agents in the production of wealth. Through the in-depth study of two regions of the Mediterranean (Cilicia and the Balearic Sea), I wish to highlight the micro-local structures and the economic, social, territorial and geopolitical trends that enabled and sustained piracy. By the end of this study I wish to analyze piracy in all its diversity thanks to a new classification: the imagined pirate, the trading pirate and the opportunistic pirate.