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Challenges From the Margins: Some British Left-Wing Intellectuals and Criticisms of Air Raid Precautions, 1918-1939Haapamaki, Michele Allyson 06 1900 (has links)
This thesis investigates the leftist intellectuals in Britain who opposed the Air Raid
Precautions (ARP) plans of the central government in the 1930s. It examines how a
coalition of the far left advocated an alternative shelter plan and the political ideas on which this program was based. In contrast to the government policy of individual household shelters, these critics believed that the central government was obligated to provide public underground shelters for all citizens. Critics of government ARP included the Communist Party, radical scientists and architects, far left and Labour local councils, and members of the Parliamentary Labour Party. Their advocacy of bomb-proof shelter plans, funded by the central treasury, pitted an activist social mentality against the liberal ethic of volunteerism espoused by the government. Drawing on a home-grown radical tradition, these critics invoked the idea of a "People's War." Through the observation of deep shelter construction in the Spanish Civil War, they promoted a model of radical volunteerism in which citizens were active participants in their own civil defence. This study's primary aim is to offer a new understanding of the politics of the British left in the interwar years viewed in light of this specific issue. It demonstrates how the British left understood the relationship between the state and its citizens, and argues that leftists used civil defence to articulate their ideal of a politically active and engaged citizenry. This thesis contributes to understanding of the British left in the 1930s, demonstrating how critics used ARP to emphasize leftist nationalism and citizenship ideals and how moderate, cooperative policies evolved in preparation for war. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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A statistical performance model of homogeneous RAIDb clusters /Rogers, Brandon Lamar, January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Technology, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-97).
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Prestandatest för olika sektioner av hårddiskarFranzén, Jesper, Svensson, Mikael, Åberg, Andreas January 2010 (has links)
<p>Syftet med detta arbete var att genom prestandatester undersöka den förbättring i läs- och skrivhastighet samt medelaccesstid som kan uppnås då data placeras på de yttre sektionerna av hårddiskens skivor, jämfört med om data placeras över hela hårddiskskivornas yta. En hårddisk har högre överföringshastighet i den yttersta sektionen av hårddisken och lägre överföringshastighet i den innersta sektionen. Arbetet analyserade den påverkan på prestanda som ovan nämnda dataplacering har på en enskild hårddisk och olika RAID-konfigurationer. Rapporten är intressant då det är lättare att med informationen som presenteras i rapporten, planera hårddiskkonfigurationer som leder till optimerad prestanda. En experimentell metod användes för att utreda prestandaskillnaderna. Prestandatesterna utfördes i programmet HD Tune Pro, vilket har en short stroke-funktion som gör det möjligt att begränsa testerna till endast en del i början av hårddiskens lagringsutrymme. Prestandatesterna utfördes tre gånger vardera för att få ett mer trovärdigt resultat. En märkbar prestandaförbättring blev resultatet av testerna av hårddiskkonfigurationerna då short stroke-funktionen var aktiverad, i jämförelse med då short stroke inte var aktiverat. En praktisk tillämpning av lagring på de yttre sektionerna av hårddiskskivorna, är att skapa en partition som tar upp en del av hårddiskskivornas yttre lagringsyta. Denna tillämpning rekommenderas för personer med hemdatorer som vill uppnå optimerad hårddiskprestanda genom planering av partitionering. Företag som använder RAID-konfigurationer, bör också ha planering av partitionering i åtanke. Ett förslag till vidare behandling av området är att genomföra prestandatester, vars resultat jämförs med prestandavärden för hårddiskar som är konstruerade för hög prestanda.</p><p> <strong>Nyckelord</strong>: hårddisk, partition, prestanda, RAID, sektioner, short stroke</p>
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High performance energy efficient file storage systemLi, Dong. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2006. / Title from title screen (site viewed on Feb. 6, 2007). PDF text: vii, 138 p. : ill. (some col.). UMI publication number: AAT 3216420. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche format.
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Metodiskt backupsystem för lokalkontrollsutrustningar / Methodical backup system for local control equipmentOhlsson, Kristian January 2013 (has links)
Statkraft är helägt av Norska staten och är Sveriges fjärde största elproducent. Detta examensarbete syftar till att ta fram en metod för att lösa hur Statkraft Sverige AB ska lagra mjukvarubackuper av sina lokalkontrollssystem. För närvarande finns det ingen homogen lagringsmetod för backuper på företaget och problemet som ska lösas i examensarbetet är hur man kan lagra backuper från ett flertal heterogena system på en gemensam lagringsplattform. I och med att de allra flesta hjälpsystem för konfigurering av styrdatorer (PLC) bygger på Microsoft DOS/Windows så är det relativt enkelt att överföra backuper till en gemensam plattform. För äldre hjälpmedel kan man dock tänka sig att virtualisera hjälpmedlen på en nyare PC-dator med exempelvis VMware för att undvika problem som kan uppstå med äldre hårdvara. Därefter kan man arkivera backuperna i ZIP-format som man kan lagra på en server. Fördelen med att använda sig av ZIP för arkivering är att man får en inbyggd integritetskontroll av backuperna då ZIP har inbyggd cyclic redundancy check (CRC) som använder sig av kontrollsummor för att kontrollera så att filerna är korrekta. Dessutom så får man endast en fil i jämförelse med många filer per backup om man inte använder sig av arkivering. Backuperna ska sedan lagras på en server som ligger inom företagets intranät/kontorsnät som endast behörig personal har tillgång till. Uppladdningen av filerna kan gå till på flera olika sätt, större backupfiler från PC-system kan laddas upp direkt via nätverket och dokumentationen uppdateras manuellt. Mindre backupfiler skulle dock kunna laddas upp genom en webbsida på intranätet där dokumentationen uppdateras automatiskt i samband med uppladdning. Lagringsutrymmet för båda dessa lösningar är dock detsamma så det går även att ladda upp mindre backuper manuellt genom nätverket. Med dessa lösningar har berörda tekniker tillgång till backuperna vart de än befinner sig så länge internetuppkoppling finns genom ett virtuellt privat nätverk (VPN) till företagets intranät/kontorsnät. / Statkraft is the fourth largest electricity producer in Sweden and is fully owned by the Norwegian state. This thesis aims to develop a method for solving how Statkraft Sweden AB will store software backups of their local control systems. Currently there is no uniform method of storage for backups in the company and the problem to be solved in the thesis is how to store backups from multiple heterogeneous systems on a single storage platform. Based on the fact that the vast majority of help systems for configuring Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) is based on Microsoft DOS / Windows, it is relatively simple to transfer the backups to a common platform. With older help systems it is also possible to virtualize these help systems on newer PC-based computers with for example VMware instances to avoid issues that can arise with older hardware. You can then archive the backups in ZIP-format that can be stored on a server, the advantage of using ZIP-archiving is to get a built-in integrity check of backups as ZIP has built in cyclic redundancy check (CRC) that uses checksums to check that the files are correct. Additionally, you get only one file in comparison to many files per backup if you do not archive in for example ZIP-format. The backups are then stored on a server within the company intranet / office network that is restricted to authorized personnel. The upload of the files can be done in several different ways; large backup files from PC-systems can be uploaded directly via the network, and the documentation is updated manually. Smaller and incremental backup files could however be uploaded through a web page on the Intranet, where documentation is automatically updated during upload. The storage space for both of these solutions is the same so that it is also possible to upload smaller backups manually through the network. With these solutions, the technicians can access the backups wherever they are as long as an Internet connection is available thru a virtual private network (VPN) Connection to the company’s intranet/office network.
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Prestandatest för olika sektioner av hårddiskarFranzén, Jesper, Svensson, Mikael, Åberg, Andreas January 2010 (has links)
Syftet med detta arbete var att genom prestandatester undersöka den förbättring i läs- och skrivhastighet samt medelaccesstid som kan uppnås då data placeras på de yttre sektionerna av hårddiskens skivor, jämfört med om data placeras över hela hårddiskskivornas yta. En hårddisk har högre överföringshastighet i den yttersta sektionen av hårddisken och lägre överföringshastighet i den innersta sektionen. Arbetet analyserade den påverkan på prestanda som ovan nämnda dataplacering har på en enskild hårddisk och olika RAID-konfigurationer. Rapporten är intressant då det är lättare att med informationen som presenteras i rapporten, planera hårddiskkonfigurationer som leder till optimerad prestanda. En experimentell metod användes för att utreda prestandaskillnaderna. Prestandatesterna utfördes i programmet HD Tune Pro, vilket har en short stroke-funktion som gör det möjligt att begränsa testerna till endast en del i början av hårddiskens lagringsutrymme. Prestandatesterna utfördes tre gånger vardera för att få ett mer trovärdigt resultat. En märkbar prestandaförbättring blev resultatet av testerna av hårddiskkonfigurationerna då short stroke-funktionen var aktiverad, i jämförelse med då short stroke inte var aktiverat. En praktisk tillämpning av lagring på de yttre sektionerna av hårddiskskivorna, är att skapa en partition som tar upp en del av hårddiskskivornas yttre lagringsyta. Denna tillämpning rekommenderas för personer med hemdatorer som vill uppnå optimerad hårddiskprestanda genom planering av partitionering. Företag som använder RAID-konfigurationer, bör också ha planering av partitionering i åtanke. Ett förslag till vidare behandling av området är att genomföra prestandatester, vars resultat jämförs med prestandavärden för hårddiskar som är konstruerade för hög prestanda. Nyckelord: hårddisk, partition, prestanda, RAID, sektioner, short stroke
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Scalability of RAID systemsLi, Yan January 2010 (has links)
RAID systems (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks) have dominated backend storage systems for more than two decades and have grown continuously in size and complexity. Currently they face unprecedented challenges from data intensive applications such as image processing, transaction processing and data warehousing. As the size of RAID systems increases, designers are faced with both performance and reliability challenges. These challenges include limited back-end network bandwidth, physical interconnect failures, correlated disk failures and long disk reconstruction time. This thesis studies the scalability of RAID systems in terms of both performance and reliability through simulation, using a discrete event driven simulator for RAID systems (SIMRAID) developed as part of this project. SIMRAID incorporates two benchmark workload generators, based on the SPC-1 and Iometer benchmark specifications. Each component of SIMRAID is highly parameterised, enabling it to explore a large design space. To improve the simulation speed, SIMRAID develops a set of abstraction techniques to extract the behaviour of the interconnection protocol without losing accuracy. Finally, to meet the technology trend toward heterogeneous storage architectures, SIMRAID develops a framework that allows easy modelling of different types of device and interconnection technique.Simulation experiments were first carried out on performance aspects of scalability. They were designed to answer two questions: (1) given a number of disks, which factors affect back-end network bandwidth requirements; (2) given an interconnection network, how many disks can be connected to the system. The results show that the bandwidth requirement per disk is primarily determined by workload features and stripe unit size (a smaller stripe unit size has better scalability than a larger one), with cache size and RAID algorithm having very little effect on this value. The maximum number of disks is limited, as would be expected, by the back-end network bandwidth. Studies of reliability have led to three proposals to improve the reliability and scalability of RAID systems. Firstly, a novel data layout called PCDSDF is proposed. PCDSDF combines the advantages of orthogonal data layouts and parity declustering data layouts, so that it can not only survivemultiple disk failures caused by physical interconnect failures or correlated disk failures, but also has a good degraded and rebuild performance. The generating process of PCDSDF is deterministic and time-efficient. The number of stripes per rotation (namely the number of stripes to achieve rebuild workload balance) is small. Analysis shows that the PCDSDF data layout can significantly improve the system reliability. Simulations performed on SIMRAID confirm the good performance of PCDSDF, which is comparable to other parity declustering data layouts, such as RELPR. Secondly, a system architecture and rebuilding mechanism have been designed, aimed at fast disk reconstruction. This architecture is based on parity declustering data layouts and a disk-oriented reconstruction algorithm. It uses stripe groups instead of stripes as the basic distribution unit so that it can make use of the sequential nature of the rebuilding workload. The design space of system factors such as parity declustering ratio, chunk size, private buffer size of surviving disks and free buffer size are explored to provide guidelines for storage system design. Thirdly, an efficient distributed hot spare allocation and assignment algorithm for general parity declustering data layouts has been developed. This algorithm avoids conflict problems in the process of assigning distributed spare space for the units on the failed disk. Simulation results show that it effectively solves the write bottleneck problem and, at the same time, there is only a small increase in the average response time to user requests.
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Zálohování dat a datová úložiště / Data Backup and Data StoragesČerný, Radek January 2020 (has links)
The master´s thesis is focused on data backup, data storage and data recovery. The introductory part of the thesis presents the theoretical background, which is the basis for the analytical and design part. The analytical part deals with the analysis of the current state of the selected company, for which in the last part a comprehensive backup proposal is created together with the economic evaluation of the proposed variant.
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By-Products: Immigration, Raids, and Meatpacking in Rural CommunitiesHanks, Kevin D. 01 May 2011 (has links)
The purpose of this thesis is to show the short- and long-term responses and adaptations of workers and employers in the meatpacking industry to the new immigration enforcement strategy of the increased use of worksite immigration raids. Worksite raids have become part of the new immigration enforcement strategy of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency (I.C.E.). A review of the literature regarding the meatpacking industry, its history, relocation to and impacts on rural communities, and of immigration policy over the last 70 years is conducted. A case study of the Swift & Co. meatpacking plant in Hyrum, Utah that experienced a worksite immigration raid in 2006 and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five current and former plant workers, one former member of plant management, and one local ecclesiastical leader.
The analysis reveals that the raid had strong impacts on the company, plant management, and workers. The company was sold the year after the raid due to financial losses suffered following the raid. Employers struggled to replace over 150 workers that were taken in the raid and to regain the trust of the remaining workers at the plant. Some workers lost close friends and family members in the raid and experienced instability and fear following the raid. It was found that employers made only one significant change following the raid in their hiring practices. They conducted more in-depth background checks with better follow-up with past employers of new applicants if the information was available. Workers were found to have made few changes after the raid since those not taken in the raid were confirmed as authorized workers and did not need to make many changes. The raid and more in-depth background checks led to more native-born workers being hired following the raid.
This research indicates that the use of worksite raids has strong social and economic impacts on workers, employers, and local communities. More research is needed to better understand how the meatpacking industry and its workers are adapting to the new enforcement strategy and how effective this strategy has been, and will be in the future.
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Implementing a Backup-Scheme with the 3-2-1 Strategy : A Comparison of the Active Solution with a New Implemented 3-2-1 Backup-SchemeMagnusson, Fredrik January 2018 (has links)
Denna rapport tar upp teorin bakom sannolikhet, backuper och hårddiskar. Baserat på detta implementeras en backup-plan med hjälp av NASar, för att ersätta den redan existerande lösningen. Behovet utav en säkrare, mer tillförlitlig backup, samt expansionsmöjligheter då företaget har en stark tillväxt, lades fram tillsammans med en budget för att ta fram en lösning anpassad utefter det faktiska behovet. Denna plan baseras på teorin i kombination med tredje-parts resultat och har som utgångspunkt den budgeten som erhållits utav företaget, för att slutligen uppnå en hållbar, expanderbar och automatiserad backup. Fortsättningsvis behandlar rapporten implementering i existerande infrastruktur, automation och enkel hantering utav backup och varför en 3-2-1 lösning bör användas. Rapporten ser att efter den nya lösningen har implementerats är det mycket mindre risk för att data går förlorat samt att en övergripande ökning i hastighet och automation kan ses. Slutligen, med hjälp av standardiserat verktyg lägger denna rapport en godkänd grund för andra att använda i deras implementationer eller att gräva djupare inom tillförlitlighets världen. / This report handles the theory behind probability, backups and hard drives. Based on this, a backup-scheme is implemented with the help of NASes, to replace the current solution. The need for a more secure, more reliable and a solution that is expandable due to the quick growth of the company, was put forward together with a budget to provide a solution suited after the effective need. This scheme is based upon theory in combination with third-party results and for this specific case has the budget, provided by the company, as a starting point to accomplish a sustainable, expandable and automated backup. Furthermore, this report implements this solution into the existing infrastructure where automation and simple handling of backups and why a 3-2-1 solution will be used. The report finds that after the new solution is implemented there is significantly less risk of data failure as well as an overall increase in speed and automation. Finally, with the help of standardized tools this report lay a decent groundwork for others to use in their implementation or to dig deeper into the world of reliability.
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