Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2005-Cleiton Mateus Sousa.pdf: 885284 bytes, checksum: 42cf8890c05e973310a56f9182c0e1e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-01-20 / Gerberas are cut flowers with large color diversity and good durability. The use of growth regulators on in vitro propagation is related to the capacity to induce proliferation of sprouts and differentiation of roots. However, citokinins in excess can induce the formation of abnormal plant, with reduced acclimatization potential. The mineral and organic composition of media culture plays an important role during the process. The objective of this dissertation was to adjust protocols for in vitro propagation of Gerbera jamesonii. The following aspects were evaluated: (i) the effect of the inflorescence developmental stage on the performance of in vitro culture initiated from chapters (ii) gerbera varieties (iii) growth regulator balance and (iv) the effect of salt concentration of MS medium on the proliferation of in vitro sprouting and rooting and acclimatization of three varieties of gerbera. For variety Phanter, the regeneration of explants prepared from inflorescences depended on its stage of development. Explants prepared from young chapters showed better results. The concentration and source of citokinin, and the concentration of salts in MS medium influenced the proliferation of sprouts in explants of variety Ornela. BAP was more efficient than kinetin on proliferation of sprouts. Concentrations above 2.0 mg.L-1 of BAP induced the formation of plants with undesirable characteristics during in vitro multiplication, while this was not observed in the presence of the same kinetin in larger concentration (4.0 mg.L-1). The combinations of 0.5 mg.L-1 BAP with the different levels of IBA showed the best results for multiplication and production of sprouts, with potential for acclimatizing variety Ornela. The presence of BAP inhibited the differentiation of roots, while the same was not observed in largest concentration of kinetin. The concentration of salts below 50% limited the proliferation of sprouts in variety Ornela. The varieties Capuccino, Mirage and Ornela, when maintained in the same balance of BAP and IBA, showed divergences in results for number of sprouts; when acclimatized, they presented high survival rates. Difficulties on in vitro gerbera propagation were mostly found on the regeneration phase and on the formation of sprouts in explants prepared from chapters. For the other phases, no major difficulties were detected. / As g?rberas s?o flores de corte que apresentam diversidade na colora??o e boa durabilidade. O uso de fitorreguladores na propaga??o de plantas in vitro esta relacionado com a capacidade de induzir a prolifera??o de brotos e a diferencia??o de ra?zes. No entanto, citocininas em excesso podem induzir a forma??o de pl?ntulas anormais e com baixo potencial para serem aclimatadas. Al?m disso, a composi??o mineral e org?nica do meio de cultura apresenta importante papel durante o processo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi ajustar protocolos para a propaga??o massal in vitro de variedades de Gerbera jamesonii. Avaliou-se: o efeito do est?dio de desenvolvimento de infloresc?ncias na implanta??o de culturas in vitro a partir de cap?tulos; variedades; balan?os de fitorreguladores; concentra??o dos sais do meio MS na prolifera??o de brotos e enraizamento in vitro e a aclimatiza??o de tr?s variedades de g?rbera. A regenera??o de explantes preparados a partir de infloresc?ncias depende do est?dio de desenvolvimento das mesmas. Explantes preparados a partir de cap?tulos jovens apresentaram melhores resultados. A prolifera??o de brotos em explantes de g?rbera, variedade Ornela foi influenciada tanto pela concentra??o quanto pela fonte de citocinina, assim como pela concentra??o dos sais do meio MS. A mol?cula BAP mostrou ser mais eficiente que kinetina para induzir a prolifera??o de brotos. BAP acima de 2,0 mg.L-1 induziu a forma??o de plantas com caracter?sticas indesej?veis durante a multiplica??o in vitro, enquanto isto n?o foi observado mesmo na maior concentra??o de kinetina (4,0 mg.L-1). As combina??es de 0,5 mg.L-1 de BAP com os diferentes n?veis de AIB (0; 0,05 e 0,5 mg.L-1) apresentaram os melhores resultados para a multiplica??o e produ??o de brotos in vitro com potencial para serem aclimatados da variedade Ornela. Somente o BAP inibiu a diferencia??o de ra?zes. A concentra??o dos sais abaixo de 50% limitou a prolifera??o de brotos na variedade Ornela. As variedades Capuccino Mirage e Ornela, quando mantidas no mesmo balan?o de BAP e AIB apresentaram resultados divergentes quanto ? prolifera??o de brotos, e na aclimatiza??o apresentaram alta taxa de sobreviv?ncia. Na propaga??o in vitro de g?rbera, somente na fase de implanta??o das culturas in vitro que verificou-se dificuldade de regenera??o e na forma??o de brotos em explantes preparados a partir de cap?tulos. Nas demais fases, as variedades estudadas apresentaram facilidade e resultados bastante promissores.