published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health

No description available.

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2006. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (p.22).

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-124).

A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.

To better design structures and machines, understanding of flaws and failures is essential. The body of this work has addressed numerous facets of fatigue crack propagation. The affect of crack closure, testing errors, and data scatter are a few important components of crack growth developed and investigated. It was found that the widely accepted compliance-offset technique for closure measurement may be sensitive to increases in load ratio. Opening load uncertainty was calculated to be on the order of 5%. The application of practical regression techniques and the use of DKeff were used to characterize closureree crack growth data to develop a single intrinsic da/dN curve. The best form of regression was found to be a multi-linear fit. A strip-yield model requiring the intrinsic curve was used to successfully predict crack growth at other load ratios. Uncertainties with a strong dependence on crack mouth displacement were found for da/dN, DK, and a.To better design structures and machines, understanding of flaws and failures is essential. The body of this work has addressed numerous facets of fatigue crack propagation. The affect of crack closure, testing errors, and data scatter are a few important components of crack growth developed and investigated. It was found that the widely accepted compliance-offset technique for closure measurement may be sensitive to increases in load ratio. Opening load uncertainty was calculated to be on the order of 5%. The application of practical regression techniques and the use of DKeff were used to characterize closureree crack growth data to develop a single intrinsic da/dN curve. The best form of regression was found to be a multi-linear fit. A strip-yield model requiring the intrinsic curve was used to successfully predict crack growth at other load ratios. Uncertainties with a strong dependence on crack mouth displacement were found for da/dN, deltaK, and a.

O presente trabalho descreve uma metodologia utilizada para a construção de um procedimento padronizado a ser utilizado por técnicos do Departamento Nacional de Produção Mineral (DNPM) para avaliação de solicitação de suspensão temporária do empreendimento por um período determinado. O método está implementado através de um formulário construído para ser aplicado na fiscalização de campo prevista na legislação mineral em caso de solicitação de suspensão das atividades de mineração, inicialmente com proposta de aplicação em minas a céu aberto de agregados. A proposta desenvolvida parte do princípio que a justificativa apresentada pela empresa é satisfatória e que ela entregou todos os documentos previstos na legislação, também de maneira satisfatória e sistematiza itens de caráter atual do empreendimento para classificar de forma padronizada e objetiva o estado atual da unidade solicitante. A metodologia possui a intenção de complementar a análise, torná-la menos subjetiva e confirmar as informações contidas nos documentos entregues. O procedimento também visa que os impactos sejam mitigados e que a área permaneça sob cuidados permanentes do empreendedor, sem agravamento dos passivos, assim como, possibilite a retomada das operações de forma segura. / This work describes a methodology used to construct a standard procedure to be used by technicians of the National Department of Mineral Production (DNPM) to evaluate the request for mining temporary suspension for a certain period. The method is implemented through a form, built to be applied in the field inspection provided for the mineral legislation in case of request for suspension of the mining activities, initially with proposal of application in open cast mines of aggregates. The idea developed assumes that the justification presented by the company is satisfactory and that it showed all documents provided for the legislation, also in a satisfactory manner. It systematizes items of current character to classify in a standardized and objective way the mine that is requesting suspension. The methodology intents to complement the analysis, make it less subjective and confirm the information contained in the submitted documents. The procedure also aims at mitigating the impacts and that the area remains under permanent care and maintenance, without aggravating the liabilities, as well as, enable to return the operations in a safe way.

O presente trabalho descreve uma metodologia utilizada para a construção de um procedimento padronizado a ser utilizado por técnicos do Departamento Nacional de Produção Mineral (DNPM) para avaliação de solicitação de suspensão temporária do empreendimento por um período determinado. O método está implementado através de um formulário construído para ser aplicado na fiscalização de campo prevista na legislação mineral em caso de solicitação de suspensão das atividades de mineração, inicialmente com proposta de aplicação em minas a céu aberto de agregados. A proposta desenvolvida parte do princípio que a justificativa apresentada pela empresa é satisfatória e que ela entregou todos os documentos previstos na legislação, também de maneira satisfatória e sistematiza itens de caráter atual do empreendimento para classificar de forma padronizada e objetiva o estado atual da unidade solicitante. A metodologia possui a intenção de complementar a análise, torná-la menos subjetiva e confirmar as informações contidas nos documentos entregues. O procedimento também visa que os impactos sejam mitigados e que a área permaneça sob cuidados permanentes do empreendedor, sem agravamento dos passivos, assim como, possibilite a retomada das operações de forma segura. / This work describes a methodology used to construct a standard procedure to be used by technicians of the National Department of Mineral Production (DNPM) to evaluate the request for mining temporary suspension for a certain period. The method is implemented through a form, built to be applied in the field inspection provided for the mineral legislation in case of request for suspension of the mining activities, initially with proposal of application in open cast mines of aggregates. The idea developed assumes that the justification presented by the company is satisfactory and that it showed all documents provided for the legislation, also in a satisfactory manner. It systematizes items of current character to classify in a standardized and objective way the mine that is requesting suspension. The methodology intents to complement the analysis, make it less subjective and confirm the information contained in the submitted documents. The procedure also aims at mitigating the impacts and that the area remains under permanent care and maintenance, without aggravating the liabilities, as well as, enable to return the operations in a safe way.

O presente trabalho descreve uma metodologia utilizada para a construção de um procedimento padronizado a ser utilizado por técnicos do Departamento Nacional de Produção Mineral (DNPM) para avaliação de solicitação de suspensão temporária do empreendimento por um período determinado. O método está implementado através de um formulário construído para ser aplicado na fiscalização de campo prevista na legislação mineral em caso de solicitação de suspensão das atividades de mineração, inicialmente com proposta de aplicação em minas a céu aberto de agregados. A proposta desenvolvida parte do princípio que a justificativa apresentada pela empresa é satisfatória e que ela entregou todos os documentos previstos na legislação, também de maneira satisfatória e sistematiza itens de caráter atual do empreendimento para classificar de forma padronizada e objetiva o estado atual da unidade solicitante. A metodologia possui a intenção de complementar a análise, torná-la menos subjetiva e confirmar as informações contidas nos documentos entregues. O procedimento também visa que os impactos sejam mitigados e que a área permaneça sob cuidados permanentes do empreendedor, sem agravamento dos passivos, assim como, possibilite a retomada das operações de forma segura. / This work describes a methodology used to construct a standard procedure to be used by technicians of the National Department of Mineral Production (DNPM) to evaluate the request for mining temporary suspension for a certain period. The method is implemented through a form, built to be applied in the field inspection provided for the mineral legislation in case of request for suspension of the mining activities, initially with proposal of application in open cast mines of aggregates. The idea developed assumes that the justification presented by the company is satisfactory and that it showed all documents provided for the legislation, also in a satisfactory manner. It systematizes items of current character to classify in a standardized and objective way the mine that is requesting suspension. The methodology intents to complement the analysis, make it less subjective and confirm the information contained in the submitted documents. The procedure also aims at mitigating the impacts and that the area remains under permanent care and maintenance, without aggravating the liabilities, as well as, enable to return the operations in a safe way.

Two results are obtained in this work. First, we prove that for a commutative ring embedded in a larger ring, which is not necessarily commutative, its division and rational closures coincide. Second, for an infinite discrete group G, we investigate group cohomology and homology with coefficients in lp(G). We prove that if G is of type FPn, then all its homology and cohomology groups up to n are either zero or infinite dimensional. This generalizes one of the results obtained by Bekka and Valette / Ph. D.