The Bowen Basin is one of the most intensely explored sedimentary basins in Australia and hosts one of the world’s largest coking coal deposits. This study focuses on the Lenton deposit in the north-central part of the Bowen Basin and targets the Rangal Coal Measures, which are the youngest (245 Ma), most areally extensive and least structurally deformed coal measures in the study area. Six lithofacies were identified from detailed bed-by-bed logging of two cores and stratigraphically-upward comprise peatmire deposits of the Permian Blackwater Group overlain unconformably by braided fluvial strata of the Triassic Rewan Group. Coal-bearing strata of the Blackwater Group form a large-scale drying up sequence showing a change from permanent to seasonal waterlogged conditions related to the onset of regional uplift. Sedimentation was then terminated and a regional erosion surface formed by uplift related to the Hunter Bowen Orogeny. This, then, was overlain by braided fluvial strata of the Triassic Rewan Group.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Catholic University of America, 1931. / "Biographical note." Bibliography: p. 195-199.

Thesis (Professional Degree)--University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, 1939. / The entire thesis text is included in file. Typescript. Illustrated by author. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed March 25, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 123).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

A amostra utilizada para este estudo faz parte do material depositado na barragem de rejeitos da mina de carvão da “Carbonífera Criciúma”, localizada na região sul do país (Santa Catarina). Usualmente os finos de carvão junto com a parte mineral, provenientes do processo de beneficiamento são denominados de “lodo” e são descartados como rejeitos, depositados na bacia de decantação. A recuperação dos finos de carvão provenientes do lodo pode propiciar a obtenção de um concentrado que poderia ser aproveitado como combustível na geração de energia elétrica. Também pode contribuir como fator de diminuição do impacto ambiental, minimizando a formação da drenagem ácida de minas (DAM), gerada pelo conteúdo de enxofre contido no material em estudo, além de reduzir o espaço físico ocupado pela barragem de rejeito. Entre os métodos de beneficiamento de carvão, a flotação se destaca como um dos mais importantes para concentração desse lodo, em particular no tratamento de partículas finas. Para caracterizar o lodo, fez-se um estudo de análise granulométrica, que permite definir que estamos trabalhando com um material fino uma vez que 83,0% é menor que 0,710 mm. Concomitantemente realizaram-se análises elementares e análises imediatas, seguindo as normas Brasileiras. NBR 8293, NBR 8289, NBR 8290, NBR 8299. Os resultados mostraram que, a partir da alimentação com cerca de 63% de cinzas, foi possível obter concentrados com teores de cinzas de aproximadamente de 30%, com recuperações mássicas de cerca de 40%, demonstrando que é possível a recuperação da matéria orgânica, a partir do lodo por flotação convencional. / The sample used for this study is part of the material deposited in the tailings dam of the coal mine "Carbonífera Criciúma" located in the southern region (Santa Catarina). Usually the coal fines along with the mineral part, from the beneficiation process are called "sludge" and are discarded as waste, and deposited in the tailings pond. The recovery of coal fines can facilitate the obtainment of a concentrate that could be used as fuel in power generation. It can also contribute as a factor of environmental impact reduction by minimizing the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD), generated by the sulfur contained in the material under study, in addition to reducing the physical space occupied by the tailings dam. Among the methods coal beneficiation, flotation stands out as one of the most important concentration of the ore, particularly in the treatment of fine particles To characterize the material, we need to do a particle size analysis’s study, it will allows us to define that we are dealing with a 83,0% thin material, thinner than 0,710 mm. Simultaneously we will do elemental analyzes and spot analysis, following the Brazilian standard. NBR 8293, NBR 8289, NBR 8290, NBR 8299. The results showed that, from a supply with about 63% ash concentration, were obtained around 30% of ash and about 40% of carbonaceous mass recoveries. This demonstrate that it is possible to recover organic matter from the tailing by conventional flotation.

This thesis presents the results of the investigation on developing and evaluating a low temperature (<150oC) non - catalytic process using a hydrogen transfer agent (instead of molecu-lar hydrogen) for coal dissolution in supercritical CO2. The main idea behind the thesis was that one hydrogen atom from water and one hydrogen atom from the hydrogen transfer agent (HTA) were used to hydrogenate the coal. The products of coal dissolution were non-polar and polar while the supercritical CO2, which enhanced the rates of hydrogenation and dissolution of the non-polar molecules and removal from the reaction site, was non-polar. The polar modifier (PM) for CO2 was added to the freed to aid in the dissolution and removal of the polar components. The addition of a phase transfer agent (PTA) allowed a seamless transport of the ions and by-product between the aqueous and organic phases. DDAB, used as the PTA, is an effective phase transfer catalyst and showed enhancement to the coal dissolution process. COAL + DH- +H2O  COAL.H2 + DHO-- This process has a great feature due to the fact that the chemicals were obtained without requir-ing to first convert coal to CO and H2 units as in indirect coal liquefaction. The experiments were conducted in a unique reactor set up that can be connected through two lines. one line to feed the reactor with supercritical CO2 and the other connected to gas chromatograph. The use of the supercritical CO2 enhanced the solvent option due to the chemical extraction, in addition to the low environmental impact and energy cost. In this thesis the experiment were conducted at five different temperatures from atmos-pheric to 140°C, 3000 - 6000 psi with five component of feed mixture, namely water, HTA, PTA, coal, and PM in semi batch vessels reactor system with a volume of 100 mL. The results show that the chemicals were obtained without requiring to first convert coal to CO and H2 units as in indirect coal liquefaction. The results show that the conversion was found to be 91.8% at opti-mum feed mixtures values of 3, 1.0 and 5.4 for water: PM, HTA: coal, water: coal respectively. With the oil price increase and growing in energy demand, the coal liquefaction remain afforda-ble and available energy alternative.

A amostra utilizada para este estudo faz parte do material depositado na barragem de rejeitos da mina de carvão da “Carbonífera Criciúma”, localizada na região sul do país (Santa Catarina). Usualmente os finos de carvão junto com a parte mineral, provenientes do processo de beneficiamento são denominados de “lodo” e são descartados como rejeitos, depositados na bacia de decantação. A recuperação dos finos de carvão provenientes do lodo pode propiciar a obtenção de um concentrado que poderia ser aproveitado como combustível na geração de energia elétrica. Também pode contribuir como fator de diminuição do impacto ambiental, minimizando a formação da drenagem ácida de minas (DAM), gerada pelo conteúdo de enxofre contido no material em estudo, além de reduzir o espaço físico ocupado pela barragem de rejeito. Entre os métodos de beneficiamento de carvão, a flotação se destaca como um dos mais importantes para concentração desse lodo, em particular no tratamento de partículas finas. Para caracterizar o lodo, fez-se um estudo de análise granulométrica, que permite definir que estamos trabalhando com um material fino uma vez que 83,0% é menor que 0,710 mm. Concomitantemente realizaram-se análises elementares e análises imediatas, seguindo as normas Brasileiras. NBR 8293, NBR 8289, NBR 8290, NBR 8299. Os resultados mostraram que, a partir da alimentação com cerca de 63% de cinzas, foi possível obter concentrados com teores de cinzas de aproximadamente de 30%, com recuperações mássicas de cerca de 40%, demonstrando que é possível a recuperação da matéria orgânica, a partir do lodo por flotação convencional. / The sample used for this study is part of the material deposited in the tailings dam of the coal mine "Carbonífera Criciúma" located in the southern region (Santa Catarina). Usually the coal fines along with the mineral part, from the beneficiation process are called "sludge" and are discarded as waste, and deposited in the tailings pond. The recovery of coal fines can facilitate the obtainment of a concentrate that could be used as fuel in power generation. It can also contribute as a factor of environmental impact reduction by minimizing the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD), generated by the sulfur contained in the material under study, in addition to reducing the physical space occupied by the tailings dam. Among the methods coal beneficiation, flotation stands out as one of the most important concentration of the ore, particularly in the treatment of fine particles To characterize the material, we need to do a particle size analysis’s study, it will allows us to define that we are dealing with a 83,0% thin material, thinner than 0,710 mm. Simultaneously we will do elemental analyzes and spot analysis, following the Brazilian standard. NBR 8293, NBR 8289, NBR 8290, NBR 8299. The results showed that, from a supply with about 63% ash concentration, were obtained around 30% of ash and about 40% of carbonaceous mass recoveries. This demonstrate that it is possible to recover organic matter from the tailing by conventional flotation.

A amostra utilizada para este estudo faz parte do material depositado na barragem de rejeitos da mina de carvão da “Carbonífera Criciúma”, localizada na região sul do país (Santa Catarina). Usualmente os finos de carvão junto com a parte mineral, provenientes do processo de beneficiamento são denominados de “lodo” e são descartados como rejeitos, depositados na bacia de decantação. A recuperação dos finos de carvão provenientes do lodo pode propiciar a obtenção de um concentrado que poderia ser aproveitado como combustível na geração de energia elétrica. Também pode contribuir como fator de diminuição do impacto ambiental, minimizando a formação da drenagem ácida de minas (DAM), gerada pelo conteúdo de enxofre contido no material em estudo, além de reduzir o espaço físico ocupado pela barragem de rejeito. Entre os métodos de beneficiamento de carvão, a flotação se destaca como um dos mais importantes para concentração desse lodo, em particular no tratamento de partículas finas. Para caracterizar o lodo, fez-se um estudo de análise granulométrica, que permite definir que estamos trabalhando com um material fino uma vez que 83,0% é menor que 0,710 mm. Concomitantemente realizaram-se análises elementares e análises imediatas, seguindo as normas Brasileiras. NBR 8293, NBR 8289, NBR 8290, NBR 8299. Os resultados mostraram que, a partir da alimentação com cerca de 63% de cinzas, foi possível obter concentrados com teores de cinzas de aproximadamente de 30%, com recuperações mássicas de cerca de 40%, demonstrando que é possível a recuperação da matéria orgânica, a partir do lodo por flotação convencional. / The sample used for this study is part of the material deposited in the tailings dam of the coal mine "Carbonífera Criciúma" located in the southern region (Santa Catarina). Usually the coal fines along with the mineral part, from the beneficiation process are called "sludge" and are discarded as waste, and deposited in the tailings pond. The recovery of coal fines can facilitate the obtainment of a concentrate that could be used as fuel in power generation. It can also contribute as a factor of environmental impact reduction by minimizing the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD), generated by the sulfur contained in the material under study, in addition to reducing the physical space occupied by the tailings dam. Among the methods coal beneficiation, flotation stands out as one of the most important concentration of the ore, particularly in the treatment of fine particles To characterize the material, we need to do a particle size analysis’s study, it will allows us to define that we are dealing with a 83,0% thin material, thinner than 0,710 mm. Simultaneously we will do elemental analyzes and spot analysis, following the Brazilian standard. NBR 8293, NBR 8289, NBR 8290, NBR 8299. The results showed that, from a supply with about 63% ash concentration, were obtained around 30% of ash and about 40% of carbonaceous mass recoveries. This demonstrate that it is possible to recover organic matter from the tailing by conventional flotation.