No description available.

Magnetic nanoparticles have been used in many areas owing to their variable characteristic behaviors. Among these iron oxide nanoparticles are one of the mostly preferred type of nanoparticles. In this study Fe3O4, namely magnetite, which is one type of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles was used. Magnetite nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution were prepared in aqueous solution using the controlled coprecipitation method. They were characterized by electron microscopic methods (SEM and TEM), crystal structure analysis (XRD), particle size analyzer, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Raman spectrometry. The nanoparticles were coated with a thin (ca 20 nm) silica shell utilizing the hydrolysis and the polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) under alkaline conditions in ethanol. The presence of silica coating was investigated by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) measurement. After surface modification with an amino silane coupling agent, (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, histidine was covalently linked to the amine group using glutaraldehyde as cross-linker. Carbonyl complexes of rhenium [Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+ was prepared through reductive carboxylation utilyzing gaseous carbon monoxide as a source of carbonyl and amine borane (BH3NH3) as the reducing agent. The complex formation was followed by HPLC- ICP-MS system and 95% conversion of perrhanete into the complex was achieved. The magnetic nanoparticles were then labeled with the Re complex with a yield of 86.8% through the replacement of labile H2O groups with imidazolyl groups. Thus prepared particles were showed good stability in vitro. Herein rhenium was selected as a surrogate of radioactive 99mTc. However radioactive isotopes of rhenium (186-Re and 188 Re) is also used for radioactive therapy.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:42:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

<p>Most thermal spray coating processes can be divided into three sub-processes; substrate surface preparation, the thermal spray operation and a post-coating surface finishing operation such as honing or grinding. Reliable and robust surface preparation is needed to guarantee maximum coating adhesion to substrates. Traditionally, the grit blasting process is used for surface preparation of materials receiving a thermal spray coating. However, in high volume production, the reproducibility of surface topography decays with time as grit particles are recycled through surface preparation operation. The focus of this project is to enhance the coating's ability to adhere to an aluminum substrate by incorporating high pressure water jet as a surface preparation operation. </p> <p>Water pressure, standoff distance, number of orifices, orifice size and rotation speed are process parameters identified as having an effect on surface roughness and coating adhesion strength. Through classical statistical analysis, main effects as well as 2 and 3 factor interactions are revealed and studied.</p> <p>A direct and significant relationship exists between water pressure, standoff distance and number of orifices. Correlation exists among adhesion strength and surface roughness parameters Ra, Rq and Rtm, respectively. Recommendations are made for further investigation into reducing water pressure and rotation speed requirements while sustaining the same level of surface modification.</p> / Master of Science

No description available.

Bringing together several materials into a single nanoparticle is an attractive way to design systems that exhibit diverse physical and chemical properties. Cobalt nanoparticles are extensively used in magnetic separation, ferrofluids, and magnetic storage media. The deposition of gold nanoparticles onto cobalt core significantly affects their optical properties due to the introduction of surface Plasmon. Here the synthesis of gold nanoparticles decorated cobalt-silica nanoparticles are reported for the first time. Their optical and magnetic properties and capacity as a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate were investigated. This nano-material is of particular interest as a dual agent allowing both magnetic separation and SERS detection. The synthesis involves three steps: i) synthesis of Co nanoparticles / ii) deposition of a silica shell around the Co core and introduction of amine functional groups on the surface / iii) decoration of the surface with gold nanoparticles. Co nanoparticles were prepared in an inert atmosphere in the presence of capping and reducing agents. Size of the cobalt nanoparticles was varied by changing the concentration of the capping agent. Since cobalt particles are easily oxidized, they were coated with silica shell both to prevent oxidation and allow further functionalization. Silica coating of the particles were performed in water/ethanolic solution of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). Thickness of silica coating was controlled by varying the concentrations of TEOS. Besides, by adding 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTS) to the reaction medium, primarily amine groups were introduced on the silica surface. For further modifications citrate stabilized gold nanoparticles were appended onto the surface of amine modified core-shell cobalt-silica nanoparticles. Gold decorated magnetic core-shell structures were used as SERS substrate with Raman dyes / brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) and rhodamine 6G (R6G). They were also utilized for preconcentration and SERS detection of 4-mercapto benzoic acid (4-MBA). Gold nanoparticles on the silica and thiol group on the 4-MBA were very selective to each other, thus, 4-MBA could be attached on to gold surface and it could be easily separated magnetically from the reaction medium and identified by Raman spectroscopy. Characterization of the cobalt, cobalt-silica and gold modified cobalt-silica nanoparticles was done by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Scanning-Transmission Electron Microscopy (S-TEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), UV-Vis spectrometry, and Raman microscope system.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:43:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:07:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 06176.pdf: 9306804 bytes, checksum: c8d5e9d8cf888b1ed0725717af3c2309 (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Production of top quality castings for applications in energy, aerospace and medical industries by the addition of ceramic cores to investment casting presents many metallurgical and technological problems. Ceramic cores applied in investment casting are subjects to many requirements in terms of their inertness to the casted alloy and at the same time to their final removal from the casting cavity in such a way that does not damage the casting. Both of these assumptions can be achieved by applying a thin layer of inert oxide ceramic coating to the surface of a ceramic core, made out of a chemically removable – leachable oxide ceramic.

This Thesis is about the aging of FECRAL surface coatings. In this thesis various substrates have been investigated such as 16 Mo3, 304, 347, Sanicro 31, 800HT, Nikrothal 80 and Kanthal APMT. These substrates have been coated with different FeCrAl alloys, using two different coating methods spraying with (High Velocity Air Force) and welding with (Metal Inert Gas). The purpose of coating is to achieve specific properties of the layer without affecting the original properties of the substrate. Therefore, it is important to investigate the boundary layer between these two different materials to observe how the interdiffusion of different substances such as Cr, Al, Fe and C is affected, which is the purpose of this project. The method used to investigate this purpose was to expose these combinations in different temperatures and in different environments for different time intervals. Then, using LOM, SEM and EDS analysis, the change that the boundary layers have undergone is examined. Some calculations in DICTRA have also been performed to see if it was possible to find any connection between experimental data and simulation results. The result showed carburization of FeCrAl-coatings on 16Mo3 substrates which can lead to deterioration of mechanical properties in the substrates but also decreased corrosion resistance for the coated layers. The result has also shown that it is difficult to perform spraying for small cylindrical products. The reason for this may be the high powder dispersion and the expansion of certain products when spraying, which causes the layer to loosen due to the shrinkage followed by cooling. APMT sprayed with Nikrothal 80 has shown high porosity in the substrates and high interdiffusion of Fe and Ni. High Ni diffusion in low Al alloys such as K 198 may be a reason why the coated layer cannot optimally form the protective oxide. / Detta projekt handlar om åldring av FECRAL ytbeläggningar. I den här avhandlingen så har olika substrat blivit undersökta såsom 16Mo3, 304, 347, Sanicro 31, 800HT, Nikrothal 80 och Kanthal APMT. Dessa substrat har blivit belagda med olika FeCrAl legeringar, med hjälp av två olika beläggningsmetoder, påsprutning (High Velocity Air Force) och påsvetsning (Metal Inert Gas). Syftet med att materialet beläggs är att uppnå specifika egenskaper utan att påverka substratens ursprungliga egenskaper. Det är därför viktigt att undersöka gränsskiktet mellan dessa två olika material för att se hur interdiffusionen av olika element såsom Cr, Al, Fe och C påverkas av värmebehandling. Metoden som användes för att undersöka detta var att exponera dessa kombinationer i olika temperaturer och i olika miljöer för olika tidsintervall. Därefter med hjälp av LOM, SEM och EDS analys undersöktes förändringen som gränsskikten har genomgått. Några beräkningar i DICTRA har även utförts för att se om det var möjligt att hitta någon koppling mellan experimentella data och simuleringsresultatet. Resultaten visade att 16Mo3 kombinationer fått en tydlig hög uppkolning i skiktet vilket kan påverka mekaniska egenskaperna och korrosionbeständigheten under användning vid höga temperaturer. Resultatet har även visat att det är svårt att utföra påsprutning för små cylindriska produkter. Anledningen till detta kan vara hög pulverspridningen samt den termiska expansionen av vissa produkter vid påsprutning som leder till att skiktet kan lossna på grund av krympningen vid svalning. APMT påsprutad med Nikrothal 80 har visat hög porositet i substraten och hög interdiffusion av Fe, Al och Ni under exponering vid 1200°C. Hög uppblandning och diffusion av nickel för det FECRAL belagda skiktet med relativt låg halt av aluminium K 198 kan vara en anledning till att belagda skiktet inte kan forma en skyddande oxid på ett optimalt sätt.

This thesis is focused on machining of thermal spray coatings. Particularly on testing of machining parameters and their influence on different types of abradable coatings used in the aerospace industry. The aim of research work is to test the parameters, measure cutting forces by using a dynamometer and their impact on the quality of the machined surface. Determination of the optimal machining parameters for different types of coatings based on results of measurements and the evaluation of surface quality. There are also presented techniques of thermal spray application and methods of coating evaluation. Further it describes a method of measuring cutting forces by using the dynamometer and methods of surface quality evaluation.