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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Effect of coffee grounds on in vitro rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and diuresis in cattle and isolation of some inhibitory fractions using rats

Campbell, Terry W., 1949- January 2011 (has links)
Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
2

Coffee grounds as a grain replacement in rations for growing-finishing pigs

Balogun, Theophilus F January 2010 (has links)
Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
3

Combined anaerobic respiration (CAD) of sewage sludge and other urban solid wastes

Deng, Hong January 2006 (has links)
The UK buries about 100 million tonnes of waste a year, of which 25% is municipal solid waste (refuse). The environmental impacts from gas and leachate releases are known and direct risks to health from landfill are reported. Europe has agreed to a Landfill Directive which has set targets for the stepwise reduction in biodegradable municipal waste going to landfill. The anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste in controlled bioreactors is an area that could play an important role in overall evolution towards sustainability by recovering biogas and organic matter. Separated hydrolysis and subsequent anaerobic codigestion was demonstrated from the literature review to have the best potential for biodegradable municipal waste diverted from landfill. The rate of hydrolysis of solids wastes remains an outstanding problem. In this research, firstly the codigestion of industrial effluent (coffee wastewater), food wastes and garden wastes were investigated for their impact on hydrolysis and digestion. The results show that there were no treatability problems for coffee wastes up to 37.5% of volume feed per day at the HRT of 9 days. The results supported the view that dilute biodegradable streams such as coffee waste may improve digestion by promoting mixing. Fruit and vegetable wastes were highly biodegradable and can have a major improvement in biogas production of the whole codigestion process, whereas garden waste was not as successful as a cosubstrate, probably because of the predominant celluloses and lignocelluloses with a low biodegradability. The literature review also revealed that washing or elutriation can remove organic matter from municipal waste. This is an important hydrolytic process in which a solubilised acidic organic matter is obtained. The codigestion of refuse hydrolysate with sewage sludge was therefore studied. A control digester treating sewage sludge only was compared with an experimental reactor fed mixed refuse hydrolysate with sewage sludge. It was possible to add the solubilised hydrolysate to existing anaerobic digesters designed at a standard sludge solids loading rate without causing overloading. (Continues...).
4

Aplicação do biochar de resíduos de café em neossolo regolítico : efeitos nas características químicas e biológicas e na produção de milho e feijão

SILVA, Wendson de Moraes 28 July 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2017-03-07T13:36:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Wendson de Moraes Silva.pdf: 987908 bytes, checksum: 4fcf02e96752efd0c4080412468aca99 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-07T13:36:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wendson de Moraes Silva.pdf: 987908 bytes, checksum: 4fcf02e96752efd0c4080412468aca99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The use of biochar in agriculture is a practice widely used, in order to improve soil characteristics, being of great importance and contributing to soil structure, increase the carbon content in the soil, it is becoming an increasingly important tool in soil conditioning. Several studies are being conducted throughout in Brazil and in the world using the application of biochar in order to find management alternatives to increase the content of soil organic matter. Thus, this study aimed to characterize two biochars produced from two types of waste (peel and coffee grounds), and to evaluate the effect of these in the chemical and biological characteristics of an Entisol cultivated with corn and beans. The work was conducted in the experimental area of the Academic Unit of Garanhuns Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UAG/UFRPE). Initially it was conducted to produce the two biochar a coffee pods (CC) and other coffee grounds (BC), which was carried out by means of combustion heat in a small home oven. After production of these were determined specific surface area (SSA), the adsorption capacity and desorption of phosphorus by colorimetric and performed the analysis of chemical composition of each biochar. For implementation of the experiment in greenhouse was collected soil at 0-20 cm in an area from native forest, the farm Riacho kite in mesoregion South Agreste of Pernambuco, São João, which is classified as Entisol typical eutrophic. Also analyzes were performed to characterize the chemical and physical properties of the soil. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) at random. Treatments consisted of soil with mineral fertilizers (NPK) and organic fertilization with cattle manure, both according to the recommendations indicated for each crop, and two types of Biochar, with 4 repetitions. Four seeds of maize and beans were placed on vessels, five days after emergence (DAE) was carried out thinning, leaving one plant per pot. The pH and conductivity were measured (EC) soil water drainage and held measuring evapotranspiration (ET). And at the end of the experiment, 45 DAE was held to determine the production of fresh biomass (BF) and dry (BS) of the shoot. On the ground it was determined carbon analysis of soil microbial biomass (CBM), the basal respiration (RBS), total organic carbon (TOC), soil organic matter (OM), metabolic quotient (qCO2) and the quotient microbial (QMIC). Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) by F test and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability, and the data were subjected to multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). The biochar BC was more effective in releasing the CC P, which may be related to the lower ASE BC with respect to DC, since higher SEA can cause the P becomes adsorbed to the particles of CC. Whatever type of biochar (CC or BC), the highest dose (16 Mg ha-1) promoted changes in the microbiological properties of the soil, increasing the CBM, TOC and qMIC and decreasing qCO2. Treatment with coffee grounds of biochar (16 Mg ha-1 dose) promoted greater efficiency in water use, consuming 45.6 and 47% less water in crops of corn and beans, respectively. The use of biochar coffee waste (CC and BC) promoted changes in soil properties, increasing pH, P and K levels. / Vários estudos estão sendo realizados em todo no brasil e no mundo utilizando a aplicação de biochar, com a finalidade de se encontrar alternativas de manejo para aumentar o teor de matéria orgânica do solo. Dentre essas alternativas, o uso do biochar na agricultura vem se tornando cada vez mais uma técnica bastante interessante para mitigar os efeitos das mudanças climáticas, sendo uma importante ferramenta no sequestro de carbono que também tem potencial de proporcionar diversas melhorias nas propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas do solo. Assim, o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de caracterizar dois biochars, produzidos a partir de dois tipos de resíduos (casca e borra de café), além de avaliar o efeito destes nas características químicas e biológicas de um Neossolo Regolítico cultivado com milho e feijão. O trabalho foi conduzido na área experimental da Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UAG/UFRPE). Inicialmente foi realizado a produção dos dois biochar um de casca de café (CC) e outro da borra de café (BC), que foi realizada por meio da combustão em um pequeno forno térmico caseiro. Após a produção destes, foram determinadas a superfície específica (ASE), a capacidade de adsorção e dessorção do fósforo por colorimetria, e realizada a análise da composição química de cada biochar. Para implantação do experimento em casa de vegetação foi coletado solo na camada de 0-20 cm numa área proveniente de mata nativa, na fazenda Riacho do Papagaio, na mesorregião do Agreste Meridional do Estado de Pernambuco, município de São João, sendo este classificado como Neossolo Regolítico eutrófico típico. Também foram realizadas análises para caracterizar as propriedades químicas e físicas do solo. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC) ao acaso. Os tratamentos consistiram de solo com adubação mineral (NPK) e adubação orgânica com esterco de curral, ambas segundo a recomendação indicada para cada cultura, e dois tipos de Biochar, com 4 repetições. Quatro sementes de milho e de feijão, foram colocadas por vasos, sendo que cinco dias após a emergência (DAE) foi realizado um desbaste, deixando-se uma planta por vaso. Foram medidos os valores de pH e de condutividade elétrica (CE) da água de drenagem do solo, e realizada a medição da evapotranspiração (ET). E no final do experimento, 45 DAE, realizou-se a determinação da produção de biomassa fresca (BF) e seca (BS) da parte aérea. No solo foram determinadas as análises do carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo (CBM), da respiração basal (RBS), do carbono orgânico total (COT), da matéria orgânica do solo (MO), do quociente metabólico (qCO2) e do quociente microbiano (qmic). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) por meio do teste F e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade, e os dados foram submetidos à análise multivariada de componentes principais (ACP). O biochar de BC foi mais efetivo em liberar P que o CC, o que pode estar relacionado com a menor ASE do BC em relação ao CC, uma vez que maior ASE pode fazer com que o P fique adsorvido às partículas do CC. Independentemente do tipo de biochar (CC ou BC), as maiores doses (16 Mg ha-1) promoveram alterações nas propriedades microbiológicas do solo, aumentando o CBM, o COT e o qMIC e diminuindo o qCO2. O tratamento com biochar de borra de café (dose de 16 Mg ha-1) promoveu maior eficiência no uso de água, consumindo 45,6 e 47% menos água nas culturas do milho e feijão, respectivamente. O uso de biochar de resíduos de café (CC e BC) promoveram mudanças nas propriedades químicas do solo, aumentando o pH e os teores de P e K.
5

The Potential of Anaerobic Digestion Technology to Treat Coffee Waste in Huatusco, Mexico

Bombardiere, Ysabel Estrada 26 September 2006 (has links)
No description available.
6

Remoção de urânio em águas de drenagem ácida de minas por técnicas de biossorção / Uranium removal from acid mine drainage using biosorption techniques

Boniolo, Milena Rodrigues [UNESP] 15 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by MILENA RODRIGUES BONIOLO null (milenaboniolo@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-14T01:20:37Z No. of bitstreams: 2 REPOSITORIO_Boniolo.pdf: 2914547 bytes, checksum: 81f538abdf07d7db7b952a1c412aeb9a (MD5) REPOSITORIO_Boniolo.pdf: 2914547 bytes, checksum: 81f538abdf07d7db7b952a1c412aeb9a (MD5) / Rejected by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: - A data de defesa informada durante a submissão está diferente da data que consta na capa e folha de rosto. - Foram submetidos 2 arquivos PDF’s, apenas 1 arquivo deve ser submetido. Por favor, corrija estas informações e realize uma nova submissão contendo o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-04-14T19:49:13Z (GMT) / Submitted by MILENA RODRIGUES BONIOLO null (milenaboniolo@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-15T00:59:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 REPOSITORIO_Boniolo.pdf: 2914406 bytes, checksum: 1b92b8a055ad1cfc71027ce20781089a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-15T12:55:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 boniolo_mr_dr_rcla.pdf: 2914406 bytes, checksum: 1b92b8a055ad1cfc71027ce20781089a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T12:55:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 boniolo_mr_dr_rcla.pdf: 2914406 bytes, checksum: 1b92b8a055ad1cfc71027ce20781089a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A escassez qualitativa e quantitativa de água associada aos impactos ambientais impostos por águas residuárias tem agravado o cenário da situação ambiental brasileira. Um setor que merece destaque é o de mineração de urânio visto que o Brasil é a sexta maior reserva mundial deste elemento e existe grande quantidade de rejeitos acumulados contendo íons metálicos, semimetálicos e radiotóxicos. A biossorção tem se mostrado eficiente no tratamento das águas residuárias com íons que mesmo em baixas concentrações são tóxicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a redução da concentração de urânio em soluções e em amostras de águas de drenagem ácida de minas da mina Osamu Utsumi das Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil por meio da biossorção. As biomassas escolhidas para uso como biosorvente foram cascas de banana, sementes de moringa e borra de café. Ensaios de decomposição térmica, porosimetria de adsorção de nitrogênio e microscopia eletrônica de varredura foram efetuados de modo a caracterizar fisicamente os biosorventes. As variáveis analisadas para os ensaios em batelada como tamanho e massa do biosorvente, temperatura do ensaio, tempo de contato, pH e concentração inicial da solução de urânio foram definidas com o planejamento fatorial de experimentos. A partir dos ensaios em batelada realizados, pôde-se observar que as biomassas com maior área superficial e menor volume de poros resultaram em maiores valores de eficiência de remoção, sendo a ordem crescente destes parâmetros: cascas de banana < borra de café < sementes de moringa. Dentre os biosorventes estudados as sementes de moringa apresentaram os maiores valores de eficiência de remoção, seguida pela borra de café e cascas de banana. Em soluções de 100 mg L-1 as eficiências de remoção das sementes de moringa e cascas de banana foram iguais a 0,7429 e 0,2483, respectivamente; em valores de concentração de 25 mg L-1 as borras de café apresentaram eficiência de remoção igual a 0,9358. Em amostras de efluente com concentrações de urânio na ordem de 5 mg L-1 , as sementes de moringa apresentaram-se como o biosorvente com melhor eficiência de remoção (~0,8) quando comparadas as cascas de banana (~0,5) e borra de café (~0,7). / The qualitative and quantitative water scarcity associated with environmental impacts posed by wastewater has worsened the brazilian environmental scenario. Uranium mining is a prominent sector in Brazil context, since this country owns the sixth biggest uranium reserve in the world and there is large amount of accumulated tailings containing metallic, semi-metallic and radiotoxic ions. In general, biosorption has shown significant efficiency on effluent treatment, removing ions which even in low concentrations present toxicity. This work aimed to reduce the concentration of uranium by using biosorption in both cases, lab scale solutions and acid mining drainage effluent samples from Osamu Utsumi mine, wich belongs to Usinas Nucleares do Brasil. The selected biomasses used as biosorvent were banana peels, moringa’s seeds and coffee waste. Thermal decomposition, nitrogen adsorption porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy were performed for physical characterization. The studied variables for the batch tests as size and mass of biosorvent, temperature of tests, contact time, pH and initial concentration of solutions of uranium were defined by using design of experiments. From the tests carried out it was observed that the biomasses with a higher surface area and smaller pore volume resulted in higher removal efficiency values, with an ascending order of these parameters: banana peels <coffee grounds <seed moringa. Among the studied biosorvents, moringa seeds showed the highest values of removal efficiency followed by the coffee waste and banana peel. Based on tests using uranium solutions of 100 mg L-1, the removal efficiency of moringa seeds and banana peel were 0,7429 and 0,2483, respectively; assuming concentration of 25 mg L-1 the coffee wastes has shown efficiency of removal of 0,9358. In effluent samples with uranium concentrations in the order of 5 mg L-1, the moringa seeds were presented as the biosorbent with better removal efficiency (~ 0.8) when compared to banana peels (~ 0.5) and coffee waste (~ 0.7).

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