Orientador: Mohamed E. M. Habib / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T20:42:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mendeleck_Elaine_M.pdf: 7569768 bytes, checksum: 0e9dabbef3e4522a4d36863691c74e32 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1993 / Resumo: Isolada por Krieg e colaboradores em 1982 na Alemanha, a bactéria entomopatogênica Bacillus thuringiensis var Tenebrionis, tem sido considerada um agente para o controle de coleópteros prejudiciais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as alterações histológicas, bem como a sintomatologia externa causada pela variedade Tenebrionis em cinco espécies de coleópteros pragas de cereais armazenados. As espécies estudadas foram: Carpophilus sp (Nitidulidae), Chriptollestes ferrugineus (Cucujidae), Lasioderma serriorne (Anobiidae), Tenebrio molitor e Iribolium sp (Tenebrionidae). Para as espécies L. serricorne e Carpophilus sp larvas de terceiro estágio foram utilizadas nas investigações. Para as espécies C. ferrugineus e Tribolium sp, os estudos foram realizados com o estágio adulto. Para I. molitor, as investigações incluíram tanto larvas como adultos. Esses coleópteros foram mantidos em criação de laboratórios sob condições de temperatura, umidade relativa e fotoperíodo em suas dietas específicas ... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: Isolated by Krieg et al., in 1982 in Germany, the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis var Tenebrionis (H: 8a ¿ 8b), has been considered as promising agent for the control of harmful beetles. The present work was undertaken to study some histological damages as well as sintomatology caused by var Tebrionis in some coleopterou species considered harmful for store products. The following species were studied in the present work Carpophilus sp (Nitidulidae), Chryptolestes ferrugineus (Cucujidae), Lasioderma serriorne (Anobiidae), Tenebrio molitor e Iribolium sp (Tenebrionidae). These insect species were maintened under controlled laboratory conditions ... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations / Mestrado / Parasitologia / Mestre em Ciências Biológicas

The diploma thesis is focused on the assessment of the difference in the occurrence of invertebrates in the monitored locality in the Czech Republic and on the evaluation of anthropogenic and environmental influences on the invertebrates. In the introduction, the characteristics of the order of the beetles, most important representatives of the studied area and anthropogenic impacts on the biodiversity of the beetles are described. The monitored territory was Mohelenská hadcová step, which is located in the Vysočina Region. The collection of beetles took place at five sites during the vegetative season in 2016 and 2017. The beetles were determined and evaluated on the basis of individual localities and ecological indices. The results were compared with our and foreign literature. At the end of the thesis are given the context and the possible effects on the occurrence of invertebrates.

Fireflies are some of the most captivating organisms on the planet. Because of this, they have a rich history of study, especially concerning their bioluminescent and visual behavior. Among insects, opsin copy number variation has been shown to be quite diverse. However, within the beetles, very little work on opsins has been conducted. Here we look at the visual system of fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), which offer an elegant system in which to study visual evolution as it relates to their behavior and broader ecology. They are the best-known case of a terrestrial organism that communicates through the use bioluminescence. The molecular basis for this communication is relatively simple: one gene-family (opsins) controls the detection of the signal, and one gene family (luciferase) controls the production of the signal. We use a transcriptomic approach to sample for and investigate opsin evolution in fireflies. We also present the first total evidence approach using both an extensive molecular matrix and a robust morphological matrix to reconstruct the lampyrid phylogeny. We then use this phylogeny to assess the hypothesis that adult use of bioluminescence occurred after the origin of Lampyridae. We find evidence for only two expressed opsin classes in each of the nine firefly species studied, one in the ultra-violet sensitive and one in the long-wavelength sensitive areas of the visible spectrum. Despite the need for most adult fireflies to respond to a clearly sexual and colorful visual signal (bioluminescence) to maximize fitness, their visual system is relatively simple, and does not match the trend for opsin duplication found in other insect groups. All subfamilies except for Lampyrinae are recovered as monophyletic; Pterotinae and Ototretinae are recovered within the Lampyridae. The ancestral state of adult bioluminescence is suggested to be non-bioluminescent, with at least three gains and at least three losses.

No description available.

A fauna de insetos com ênfase em Coleoptera, Cerambycidae nas margens do rio madeira, em Rondônia foi estudada. Coletas foram realizadas de janeiro a dezembro de 2004, durante um dia por mês em quatro áreas, perfazendo 15 pontos de amostragem. Foram utilizadas armadilhas luminosas modelo Luiz de Queiroz e armadilhas de Malaise. Na avaliação das comunidades, foi utilizada a riqueza de espécies, a abundância, os índices de diversidade e similaridade. Para a estimativa de riqueza de espécies foram usados procedimentos estatísticos não paramétricos Chao 1, Jackknife 1 e Jackknife 2. Foram coletados 7036 indivíduos de 684 espécies distribuídos em 127 famílias. Coleoptera e Lepidoptera foram as ordens mais representativas. Foi registrado um total de 3.779 espécimes distribuídos em 33 famílias de Coleoptera. As famílias mais abundantes foram Scarabaeidae, Hydrophilidae, Chrysomelidae, Carabidae, Cerambycidae e Curculionidae que juntas representam 81 % dos indivíduos coletados. Para Cerambycidae foram coletados 110 espécies distribuídas em 5 subfamílias, 35 tribos e 92 gêneros, com a maioria das espécies (75%) representada por um único indivíduo. Os valores do índice de Shannon-Weaver obtido para as áreas foram significativamente diferentes, e as espécies estão distribuídas homogeneamente. / This research deals with the fauna of insects, emphasizeing Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, occurring in the margins of the Madeira River, in Porto Velho, State of Rondônia, Brazil. The insects were collected one day per month, with light traps (model Luiz de Queiroz) and Malaise traps placed at 15 sampling points, from January to December, 2004. The parameters species richness, species abundance, diversity and similarity indices were used to evaluate the insect communities. The species richness was estimated by the non parametric statistical procedures Chao 1, Jackknife 1 and Jackknife 2. One collected 7,036 specimens belonging to 684 species and/or morphospecies, distributed in 127 families. The orders Coleoptera and Lepidoptera were the most diverse ones. The most abundant families of Coleoptera were Carabidae, Cerambycidae, Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Hydrophilidae and Scarabaeidae, which together represented 81% of the individuals collected. Regarding the Cerambycidae one collected 110 species, distributed in 5 subfamilies, 35 tribes, and 92 genera. Most of the species (75%) was represented by only one individual. The values of the Shannon index obtained for the areas were significantly different and the species were homogeneously distributed.

Wolbachia (Alphaproteobacteria) is an inherited endosymbiont of arthropods and filarial nematodes and was reported to be widespread across insect taxa. While Wolbachia’s effects on host biology are not understood from most of these hosts, known Wolbachia-induced phenotypes cover a spectrum from obligate beneficial mutualism to reproductive manipulations and pathogenicity. Interestingly, data on Wolbachia within the most species-rich order of arthropods, the Coleoptera (beetles), are scarce. Therefore, we screened 128 species from seven beetle families (Buprestidae, Hydraenidae, Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae, and Noteridae) for the presence of Wolbachia. Our data show that, contrary to previous estimations, Wolbachia frequencies in beetles (31% overall) are comparable to the ones in other insects. In addition, we used Wolbachia MLST data and host phylogeny to explore the evolutionary history of Wolbachia strains from Hydraenidae, an aquatic lineage of beetles. Our data suggest that Wolbachia from Hydraenidae might be largely host genus specific and that Wolbachia strain phylogeny is not independent to that of its hosts. As this contrasts with most terrestrial Wolbachia–arthropod systems, one potential conclusion is that aquatic lifestyle of hosts may result in Wolbachia distribution patterns distinct from those of terrestrial hosts. Our data thus provide both insights into Wolbachia distribution among beetles in general and a first glimpse of Wolbachia distribution patterns among aquatic host lineages.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:30:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 3627199 bytes, checksum: d8337c999635de3231842d4c4acee5fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Mata do Paraiso , an Atlantic Forest reserve, is located at the coordinates 20°48 07 S e 42°51 31 W, in the municipal district of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The objectives of this work were to inventory Cerambycidae species, to elaborate illustrated keys for subfamilies, tribes and species and to determine the influence of the climatic factors on longhorned beetles seasonality of the Mata do Paraiso . In the sampling light trap, beating, entomological net, hand-picking and bait traps were used. To study diversity all species collected with all techniques were considered. To study the influence of the climatic factors only the sampled species with light trap since October of 1986 to March of 2007 were analyzed. A total of 440 long-horned beetles, represented by 140 species, 107 genera, 36 tribes and five subfamilies were collected. The values of species and tribes richness were high compared with other inventories. Twelve species were new records for Minas Gerais State. This information contributes to extend the distribution of these species and also determines a possible relation of them with the Mata Atlântica vegetation. Fourteen species were identified only to genera level and two to tribe level; these species are probably new for the science. Twenty nine keys were elaborated facilitating the identification of the individuals to species level. The temperature and the precipitation influenced positively the richness and abundance of long-horned beetles of the Mata do Paraiso . Cerambycidae diversity decreases in the dry season and increases in the rainy season. This work constitutes a basic guide to identify the longhorned beetles of the Mata do Paraiso and similar ecosystems. / A Mata do Paraíso, uma reserva de Mata Atlântica, está localizada no ponto de coordenadas 20°48 07 S e 42° 1 31 W, no município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram inventariar as espécies de Cerambycidae, elaborar chaves taxonômicas ilustradas para a identificação de subfamílias, tribos e espécies e determinar a influência dos fatores climáticos na sazonalidade dos cerambicídeos da Mata do Paraíso. Na amostragem foram usadas as técnicas da armadilha luminosa, guardachuva entomológico, rede entomológica, coleta manual e armadilhas com iscas. Para o estudo da diversidade foram consideradas as espécies coletadas com todas as técnicas. No estudo da influência dos fatores climáticos foram analisadas somente as espécies amostradas com armadilha luminosa desde outubro de 1986 a março de 2007. Foram coletados 440 cerambicídeos, representados por 140 espécies, 107 gêneros, 37 tribos e cinco subfamílias. Os valores de espécies e de tribos são altos comparados com outros inventários. Doze espécies são novos registros para o Estado de Minas Gerais. Esta informação contribui na ampliação da distribuição biogeográfica destas espécies e também na possível relação delas com o bioma de Mata Atlântica. Foram identificadas quatorze espécies até nível de gênero e duas só até nível de tribo; provavelmente estas espécies são novas para a ciência. Foram elaboradas 29 chaves taxonômicas possibilitando a identificação dos exemplares até nível de espécie. A temperatura média mensal e a precipitação média mensal influíram positivamente na riqueza e abundância de Cerambycidae da Mata do Paraíso. A riqueza e abundância de Cerambycidae decrescem na estação seca e aumentam na estação de chuva. Este trabalho constitui-se numa referência para a identificação dos Cerambycidae para a EPTEAMP e ecossistemas com características semelhantes.

Communities of epigeic beetles were monitored on five localities, which were found in South Bohemia in Písecku. There were places located in agriculture landscape, which is affected by human activities. Selected localities were composed of biocenters and biocorridors. There were forest localities (spruce monoculture, age 60-70 years), edge of the forest, corn field and two groves with different sizes. The method of pitfall trapping was used for sampling. There were found 2409 specimens of epigeic beetles (15 families and 70 species). The highest number of epigeic beetles was found on both groves. There were found 864 individuals in smaller grove and 684 individuals of beetles in larger grove. Activity of beetles in the other localities was lesser. There were found 403 individuals on field, 333 individuals in the edge of forest and least number of beetles (125 individuals) was found in forest. Species´ spectrum of epigeic beetles was divided into three groups according by the sensitivity to antropogenic impacts (relict, adaptable and eurytop species). There were found only two last groups according by the sensitivity to antropogenic impacts of three (relict undetected). There were 51 eurytop species (E) and 19 adaptable species (R2). Counted index of antropogenic influence on communities of epigeic beetles proceeds in low values (communities are relatively strongly influenced by human). Forest habitat was affected least and corn field habitat was affected most. Groves are very strongly influenced by human too, but its values are better than values on field. Groves thus have a positive impact on communities of epigeic beetles and it can be compared with the edge of forest.

A fauna de insetos com ênfase em Coleoptera, Cerambycidae nas margens do rio madeira, em Rondônia foi estudada. Coletas foram realizadas de janeiro a dezembro de 2004, durante um dia por mês em quatro áreas, perfazendo 15 pontos de amostragem. Foram utilizadas armadilhas luminosas modelo Luiz de Queiroz e armadilhas de Malaise. Na avaliação das comunidades, foi utilizada a riqueza de espécies, a abundância, os índices de diversidade e similaridade. Para a estimativa de riqueza de espécies foram usados procedimentos estatísticos não paramétricos Chao 1, Jackknife 1 e Jackknife 2. Foram coletados 7036 indivíduos de 684 espécies distribuídos em 127 famílias. Coleoptera e Lepidoptera foram as ordens mais representativas. Foi registrado um total de 3.779 espécimes distribuídos em 33 famílias de Coleoptera. As famílias mais abundantes foram Scarabaeidae, Hydrophilidae, Chrysomelidae, Carabidae, Cerambycidae e Curculionidae que juntas representam 81 % dos indivíduos coletados. Para Cerambycidae foram coletados 110 espécies distribuídas em 5 subfamílias, 35 tribos e 92 gêneros, com a maioria das espécies (75%) representada por um único indivíduo. Os valores do índice de Shannon-Weaver obtido para as áreas foram significativamente diferentes, e as espécies estão distribuídas homogeneamente. / This research deals with the fauna of insects, emphasizeing Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, occurring in the margins of the Madeira River, in Porto Velho, State of Rondônia, Brazil. The insects were collected one day per month, with light traps (model Luiz de Queiroz) and Malaise traps placed at 15 sampling points, from January to December, 2004. The parameters species richness, species abundance, diversity and similarity indices were used to evaluate the insect communities. The species richness was estimated by the non parametric statistical procedures Chao 1, Jackknife 1 and Jackknife 2. One collected 7,036 specimens belonging to 684 species and/or morphospecies, distributed in 127 families. The orders Coleoptera and Lepidoptera were the most diverse ones. The most abundant families of Coleoptera were Carabidae, Cerambycidae, Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Hydrophilidae and Scarabaeidae, which together represented 81% of the individuals collected. Regarding the Cerambycidae one collected 110 species, distributed in 5 subfamilies, 35 tribes, and 92 genera. Most of the species (75%) was represented by only one individual. The values of the Shannon index obtained for the areas were significantly different and the species were homogeneously distributed.

This dissertation presents the results of late Holocene insect fossil analysis from six raised bogs in the Irish Midlands. A distribution and taphonomic study was performed on a sequence of samples across a 1-km transect from the lagg (margin) to the dome (centre) of Ballykean Bog, County Offaly, Ireland. The purpose of this study was to detect any patterns in the taphonomy of the insect fossil assemblages, through the development of the bog and across ancient bog surfaces. This study also investigated how vegetation changes and taphonomy influence beetle assemblages from different locations across the bog surface and to test whether fossil assemblages reflect these changes. The insect faunal assemblages from the transect did not show any clear spatial or temporal patterns in fossil abundance or taxonomic diversity. However, the study demonstrated the benefit of the analysis of multiple sampling points in a bog. Multiple sampling site analysis appears to be critical in the development of a comprehensive reconstruction of key intervals of peat deposition and in providing a greater understanding of the local bog surface habitats. Insect fossil records were analysed across six raised bogs as part of a multi-proxy environmental archaeology project focusing on seven trackways, a wooden platform and a habitation structure. The archaeology dates from the early Bronze Age (1569±9 BC) at Kinnegad Bog to the Christian period (AD 900 to 1160) at Lullymore Bog. This study demonstrates that insect records associated with the minor structures, such as trackways and platforms, contained less diverse assemblages comprising of mainly generalist taxa. In comparison, the major habitation structure at Ballykean Bog had a strong anthropogenic signal. While the reasons behind the construction of the trackways and platforms remains unsolved on the basis of the multi-proxy environmental analysis, it was possible to suggest reasons for their construction based on structure directionality and historical context.