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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Common polymorphisms in metabolizing enzymes : some implications for colon cancer etiology, prevention, and genetic testing /

Ulrich, Cornelia Maren. January 1998 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [145]-167).
22

Isolation and characterisation of colon cancer stem cells and the effects of epigenetic modulation on pluripotent markers

Milner, Brenda Lee 08 April 2015 (has links)
Colorectal cancer has a 9.8% cumulative incidence rate, making it the third most common cancer in the Western world. Despite a 50-60% response rate in patients to current cancer therapies, drug resistance and tumour relapse remain a concern. While current therapies reduce the tumour mass, they possibly fail to eradicate a unique population of pluripotent tumour resident cells. These cells, known as cancer stem cells, may have similar properties of self-renewal and proliferation to embryonic and adult stem cells, as they also express a number of key pluripotent transcription factors, including amongst others, NANOG, OCT3/4 and SOX2. Furthermore, since discreet groups of such stem cells are proposed to essentially drive tumourigenesis, they present as potential novel targets for cancer therapy. This study aimed to isolate a putative CSC population from the advanced colon adenocarcinoma cell lines HT29 and DLD1 and to assess the therapeutic effects of the epigenetic drugs Valproic acid and Zebularine on pluripotent gene expression.
23

Expression and Role of Anaphylatoxin Receptors on Human Colonic Epithelial Cells

Cao, Qi 20 February 2012 (has links)
Human colonic epithelial cell lines (T84, Caco2 and HT-29) were used to address the question of whether intestinal epithelial cells can detect and respond to activated complement via the anaphylatoxin receptors, considering the gut is host to large numbers of bacteria. All cell lines possess C3aR, C5aR and C5L2. Confocal microscopy confirmed that cells express apical C5aR and C5L2. C3a and C5a up-regulated CXCL8 and CXCL10 mRNA but not secreted protein levels within 48 hours. Protein levels were not increased using simultaneous treatment with subthreshold concentrations of LPS or TNF plus anaphylatoxin. C3a and C5a also increased the permeability of polarized monolayers. Anaphylatoxins also promoted the proliferation of T84 and HT-29. Inhibition of ERK signaling abolished these effects of anaphylatoxins. Our findings that multiple human cell lines possess functional anaphylatoxin receptors indicates that the colonic epithelium likely responds to the activation of complement in the lumen with an inflammatory outcome.
24

Ulcerative colitis and cancer : with special reference to the increased colorectal cancer risk /

Karlén, Per, January 1900 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
25

Cancer of the colon and rectum : population based survival analysis and study on adverse effects of radiation therapy for rectal cancer /

Birgisson, Helgi, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
26

Aspects on diverticular disease /

Hjern, Fredrik, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
27

Carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecular 1 cancer and metabolic regulation /

Leung Yu Hing, Nelly. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.). / Written for the Dept. of Biochemistry. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2008/05/09). Includes bibliographical references.
28

Role of variant sialylation in regulating tumor cell behavior

Shaikh, Faheem M. January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Oct. 9, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-101).
29

Irinotecano ativa a via PI3-quinase/AKT/mTOR em linhagem de adenocarcinoma de colon / Chronic treatment with irinotecan activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in HT-29 colon cancer xenografts

Souza, Kellen Ketty de 28 August 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Jose Barreto Campello Carvalheira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T01:08:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_KellenKettyde_M.pdf: 1724833 bytes, checksum: 44f766e2043af515b2f3f9462dc5c5e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A resistência dos tumores aos quimioterápicos é um problema clínico comum. Recentemente, foi demonstrado que o bloqueio. da via de sinalização da PI3-quinase aumenta a apoptose induzida pelo SN-38, um metabólito ativo do irinotecano. Entretanto, os mecanismos moleculares destas mudanças ainda não são esclarecidos. Para investigar os eventos moleculares envolvidos no aumento da sinalização na via da PI3-quinase associada ao irinotecano, aspirina e rapamicina foram utilizadas para modular esta via de sinalização. Nós observamos que a aspirina é capaz de inibir a fosforilação do IRS-l, através de seus alvos JNK e IKK, e aumentar o crescimento dos tumores em camundongos Scid previamente injetados com linhagem de adenocarcinoma de cólon (HT29). Adicionalmente, demonstramos que o bloqueio da mTOR reduz a proliferação celular induzida pelo irinotecano. Assim, a ativação da via PI3-quinase/ Akt/mTOR pode contribuir para a quimiorresistência induzi da pelo irinoteco / Abstract: Resistance of tumors to chemotherapeutic agents is a common clinical problem in human cancer. Recently, the blocking of PI3-kinase signaling pathway was shown to enhance apoptosis induced by SN-38, an active form of irinotecan. To gain further insight into the molecular events of irinotecan-associated increase in PI3-kinase signaling pathway, aspirin and rapamycin were used to modulate this signaling pathway. We describe here that aspirin is able to further inhibit IRS-l serine phosphorylation induced by irinotecan through targeting JNK and IKK, thus agonist activation of IRS-l/PI3-kinase pathway blocked the growth-inhibitory effect of irinotecan in HT -29 colon cancer xenografts; our data also demonstrate a synergistic effect of mTOR inhibition and irinotecan on tumor growth. Activation of PI3-kinase/ Akt/mTOR pathway may thus contribute to refTactoriness to treatment with irinotecan / Mestrado / Ciencias Basicas / Mestre em Clinica Medica
30

Análise da qualidade de vida pós-operatória em pacientes com reservatório ileal por retocolite ulcerativa / Quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis

Tilio, Marcela Soares Gonçalves de, 1981- 22 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Claudio Saddy Rodrigues Coy / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T13:58:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tilio_MarcelaSoaresGoncalvesde_M.pdf: 760990 bytes, checksum: c27e1cf16a290781107f621a7697ac7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A proctocolectomia total com reservatório ileal (RI) é a cirurgia mais utilizada em portadores de retocolite ulcerativa (RCUI), porém, trata-se de procedimento de grande porte, que implica em derivação intestinal temporária e elevada morbidade. A experiência adquirida ao longo do tempo evidenciou a ocorrência de várias complicações como distúrbios evacuatórios e a inflamação do reservatório ou bolsite, que podem influenciar negativamente a qualidade de vida do paciente e se contrapor às expectativas iniciais. Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade de vida pós-operatória de pacientes com RI por RCUI. Casuística e métodos: Foram avaliados 31 pacientes operados pela mesma equipe (Grupo de Coloproctologia- FCM/UNICAMP) há pelo menos 1 ano. Empregou-se questionário de avaliação inicial dirigido elaborado pelos autores com o intuito de caracterizar a população e identificar sua satisfação com a cirurgia e questionário específico validado em português para investigação da qualidade de vida após cirurgia de RI (IBDQ), composto por 32 questões que abrangem quatro dimensões: sintomas intestinais, sintomas sistêmicos, aspectos sociais e aspectos emocionais. Cada questão dentro de cada um dos domínios aferidos tem sete alternativas de respostas. Cada opção de resposta vale seu próprio número em pontos, sendo 1 pior qualidade de vida e 7 a melhor. Verificou-se assim, o total de pontos obtidos em cada domínio. Foram avaliados os percentuais com pontuação máxima e mínima para cada item avaliado. Considerou-se resultado satisfatório para as pontuações 5, 6 e 7, regular 4 e insatisfatório valores de 1 a 3. Para análise qualitativa da soma de cada domínio dividiu-se por três o intervalo entre a pontuação mínima e máxima de cada domínio, assim considerando-se para sintomas intestinais escores de 46 até 54,99 como insatisfatório, de 55 até 62,99 regular, de 63 até 70 satisfatório; para domínio sistêmicos, de 8 até 17,99 insatisfatório, 18 até 26,99 regular, de 27 até 35 satisfatório; para aspectos sociais, de 10 até 18,33 insatisfatório, de 18,34 até 26,67 regular e de 26,68 até 35 satisfatório; e para aspectos emocionais, de 22 até 42,66 insatisfatório, de 42,67 até 63,32 regular e de 63,33 até 84 satisfatório. Resultados: A população estudada apresentou qualidade de vida regular em todos os domínios avaliados; ao compararem-se os escores da qualidade de vida entre os gêneros e tipos de reservatórios verificou-se que não há influência significativa em relação ao sexo, tipo de reservatório, tempo de pós-operatório e idade em relação aos maiores e menores do que 40 anos, porém, observou-se uma tendência a escores menores nos mais velhos. Pacientes que estão trabalhando apresentam escores de qualidade de vida físico e social significativamente maiores do que aqueles que não estão trabalhando; indivíduos com derivação intestinal apresentaram escores significativamente menores nos aspectos sistêmico, social, emocional e total. Os escores intestinal, social, emocional, sistêmico e total indicam que portadores de RI por RCUI apresentam qualidade de vida regular após um ano ou mais de pós operatório. Conclusão: Os escores intestinal, social, emocional, sistêmico e total indicam que portadores de RI por RCUI apresentam qualidade de vida regular após um ano ou mais de pós operatório. Aspectos relacionados à idade, presença de derivação intestinal e inatividade influenciam negativamente a qualidade de vida em portadores de RI / Abstract: Restorative proctocolectomy with Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard surgical treatment for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), however, involves temporary ileostomy and high morbidity. The acquired experience over time showed the occurrence of various complications, such as, evacuation disturbances and the inflammation of the pouch or pouchitis, which can influence negatively the patients' quality of life (QoL) and as opposed to when compared to the initial expectations. Aim: To evaluate quality of life of patients with UC after IPAA. Patients and Methods: Thirty one patients were evaluated and underwent surgery by the same team with at least one year follow-up after surgery. An initial questionnaire was used for evaluation. It had been elaborated by qualified personnel with the purpose to characterize the patients and to identify their satisfaction with the surgery. A second questionnaire, specifically validated in Portuguese, was used to investigate the QoL after IPAA. It has 32 questions which covered four areas: intestinal and systemic symptoms, plus social and emotional aspects. Each question has seven possible answers. Each answer option has its own value; one represented the worse QoL and seven the best. For classification purposes five to seven points were considered satisfactory, four regular and one to three unsatisfactory. For quantitative analysis, the interval between the minimum and maximum punctuation of each domain were divided by 3, thus considering for physical domain scores between 46 to 54,99 as unsatisfactory, 55 to 62,99 regular, 63 to 70 satisfactory; for systemic domain, 8 to 17,99 unsatisfactory, 18 to 26,99 regular, 27 to 35 satisfactory; for social aspects, 10 to 18,33 unsatisfactory, 18,34 to 26,67 regular and 26,68 to 35 satisfactory; e for emotional aspects, 22 to 42,66 unsatisfactory, 42,67 to 63,32 regular and 63,33 to 84 satisfactory. Results: The group studied presented a regular classification of QoL in all the areas evaluated. Sex, type of reservoir and post-operative period had no significant influence. However, regarding to age it was observed that there was a tendency for lower scores after 40 years old. Patients that were employed presented QoL scores for physical and social activity significantly higher than those who were unemployed. Individuals with ileostomy had significantly lower scores in the systemic, social, and emotional aspects. Conclusion: The intestinal, social, emotional, systemic and total scores indicated that carriers of IPAA for ulcerative colitis presented a regular Qol after post operative period of a year or more. Aspects related to age, presence of ileostomy and inactivity influenced negatively on the QoL who underwent IPPA / Mestrado / Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica / Mestra em Ciências

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