International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / A systems engineering development for acquisition, transmission, processing, dissemination and display of information vital to combat casualty care and related first responder activities is presented. It utilizes a synergistic combination of two existing state-of-the-art Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency/Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center San Diego (DARPA/SSCSD) technologies (Sensate-Liner and ENCOMPASS) coupled via the Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (EPLRS), an existing wireless military tactical communication data system. Transmission Security and Communication Security (TRANSEC/COMMSEC) of environmental and biomedical data is thus accomplished from the battlefield via selected data links and Ethernet. System functionality and appropriate candidate interfacing technologies will be discussed.

<p dir="ltr">With increasing frequency, American schools have been plagued with mass casualty events perpetrated by offenders using various types of firearms. In recent years, several studies have used AnyLogic®, an agent-based computer modeling software, to model some of these mass shooting events. More specifically, researchers have modeled mass shooting events and how changes in police response and victim response affect casualty rates in these scenarios. Another model has used the same agent-based software to model mass-casualty events of various venues. The model goes further by integrating what will be known throughout this paper as “the bleed-out model”. The bleed-out model uses known data from these mass casualty events to model types of injuries and their related probability of resulting in a fatality. The model also uses known data about traumatic wound interventions from mass casualty scenarios, as well as law enforcement and military applications, to model life-saving measures to counteract traumatic injuries and decrease the probability of a victim becoming a fatality. This research used AnyLogic® software to integrate agent-based school shooting models with an agent-based bleed-out model. Once combined, individual first aid kits (IFAKs) geared toward traumatic wound/hemorrhaging care were introduced into the environment and their placement was arranged in several different ways. AnyLogic® software and quantitative analysis were used to make recommendations about best practices for implementing IFAKS in schools. This research specifically examines whether the placement distance for IFAKS in schools during an active shooter incident could have a statistically significant impact on the survivability of active shooter victims. Different scenarios are assessed in the AnyLogic® model varying the placement of a fixed number of IFAKS throughout the school during an incident.</p>