The aim of the study was to assess the effects of orally applied praziquantel on the treatment efficacy against most abundant tapeworms (Atractolytocestus huronensis Anthony, 1958 and Khawia sinensis Hsü, 1935) of common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus). Naturally infected fish (one-year-old; K1+) were divided into 3 trial groups containing 17 specimens and administered with praziquantel mixed in heat-treated amyloid vehicle (in doses of 50 mg.kg-1 body weight). In 3 groups of control, the fish were administered amyloid vehicle only. Fish were examined by using of gut dissection 2, 4 and 6 days after administration. At 48 hours post-treatment, significantly lower prevalence of both parasites was found. The invasion of A.huronensis was fully eliminated in all fish after 96 hours whereas some specimens of K.sinensis still persisted in the gut of few fish. The full elimination of both parasites was observed 6 days after administration. Our results showed that elimination of K. sinensis takes longer than elimination of A.huronensis. The dose of 50 mg kg-1 of orally applied praziquantel is effectual to control A.huronensis and K sinensis infections in common carp successfully. The effect of oral applied praziquantel on the hematology and biochemical parameters blood of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), infected by the tapeworms Atractolytocestus huronensis and Khawia sinensis was the object of analyse. It was the partial goal of the work. The infected fishes were divided to the six groups. The praziquantel was applied stirred in amyloid vehicle in dose 30 mg/kg of quick materiality for two groups and for two to other groups in dose 50mg/kg of quick materiality. Only clean amyloid vehiculum was applied to two control groups. Blood taking and resulting patoanatomic investigation was effected 24 and 96 hours after application of praziquantel. Results of hematology investigation of blood obtained 24 hours after the application point on significant fall (p< 0,01) of the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit in both groups E1 and E3, which achieved the original surface after 96 hours. The significant upsurge (p<0,05) of the surface serum hepatic enzyme ALT was recorded after 96 hours.

No description available.

Since the late 1990s, common carp and koi production enterprises around the world have suffered enormous losses due to a viral disease caused by cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3). Genetic variation in resistance to CyHV-3 infection was observed in different common carp strains, indicating that disease resistance can be improved by selective breeding. Marker-assisted selection is a breeding strategy that can accelerate genetic gain; however, this approach requires genetic markers and a genetic linkage map. To develop molecular tools for breeding CyHV-3-resistant aquaculture stock, several candidate genes for antiviral innate immune response from common carp were isolated, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. SNP markers for common carp immune response genes were developed for testing their linkage to disease resistance and for generating a genetic linkage map. Common carp immune response genes were isolated using degenerate primers developed from conserved peptide regions among other fish species for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The amplified products were cloned and sequenced. Gene-specific primers were designed based on the isolated carp gene sequences to amplify gene fragments from genomic DNA of three carp strains and koi. The amplified products were cloned and sequenced to identify SNPs. For the genes that are duplicated, locus-specific primers were used for PCR amplification. SNPs were identified in several genes, including TLR2, TLR3a, TLR3b, TLR4a, TLR4b, TLR7a, TLR7b, TLR9, TLR21, TLR22, MyD88a, MyD88b, TRAF6a, TRAF6b, type I IFN, IL-1β, IL10a and IL10b. Putative SNPs were genotyped in a SNP discovery panel consisting of different common carp strains and koi to evaluate their allele frequencies and in a full-sib family to validate their segregation patterns using the SNaPshot method. Validated SNPs were used to genotype a mapping family. Twenty-three SNPs (19 exonic and 4 intronic SNPs) were informative in a mapping family. Among these genes, polymorphisms in IL10a suggested a possible association with resistant and susceptible phenotypes of CyHV-3-challenged fish. These SNPs will be analyzed with a set of approximately 300 microsatellites to generate a second-generation genetic map and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting resistance to CyHV-3. Among the common carp genes that were isolated and sequenced, TLR9 is known for its ability to detect viral DNA and requires adaptor molecules MyD88 and TRAF6 for signal transduction. Therefore TLR9, MyD88 and TRAF6 may be important candidate genes for mediating host antiviral response to CyHV-3. To elucidate possible functions of these genes, full-length cDNAs of common carp TLR9, MyD88 and TRAF6 were isolated and tissue-specific mRNA expression was determined. cDNA sequences of MyD88 and TRAF6 revealed that these genes are duplicated. These findings were the first report of MyD88 and TRAF6 duplications in a vertebrate. Protein domain characterization demonstrated that structural characteristics of these genes are conserved and resemble those of other vertebrates, indicating that common carp TLR9, MyD88 and TRAF6 genes may have identical functions with their mammalian orthologs. The mRNA expression of TLR9, MyD88a and b, and TRAF6a and b varied among tissues. Differential expression of the MyD88 and TRAF6 paralogous transcripts were observed in muscle tissues, suggesting that one paralog has evolved and attained a non-immune function. This genomic information will facilitate further research to better understand the ligand specificity of TLR9 and the role of TLR9, MyD88 and TRAF6 in the common carp immune response. / Ph. D.

The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the influence of antiparasitic baths on selected biochemical and haematological parameters in the blood samples of fish. According to the results the application schema will be specified or amended such alterations will be substantiated. A test was performed on the fry of carp (naked and scaly form) to evaluate the influence of the peractetic acid with the help of biochemical and haematological parameters and with the histopathological examination. The common carp was exposed to the concetration 1 mg?l-1 and 2 mg?l-1 of PAA. Three days after application was taken the blood samples from fish and the biochemical and haematological parameters were determined. Than was taken a sample of skin with the musculature from fish to be sent for the histopathological examination in University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Brno. Based on the results the naked form of the carp has been declared to be more sensitive to the application of PAA. All the observed changes in haematological and biochemical parameters were within physiological range, so it can be stated, that the application schema of PAA has not a signifiant negative influence on the health of the tested fish.

The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the performance parameters of the breeds of common carp and its crossbreds by using the top-crossing. On the maternal position the Hungarian synthetic mirror carp line (HSM) was used. On this line, males of HSM, Telč mirror carp (TeL), Northern mirror carp (M72) and Amur mirror carp (AL) were crossed and a hybrid of Ropsha carp (ROP) and Tata carp (TAT) was used as their control group. Rearing of the tested groups was monitored from larval stage until their market size in ponds with a semi-intensive way of management in three localities (2 organisations). In the first year, each tested group was bred individually with internal control group of a different scaly covering phenotype in order to correct the influence of the environment on the weight achieved. In the second and the third year, all the groups were group-labelled and bred together in triplicate (three ponds) localities. In the individual stages of testing, the weight and the survival rate were recorded. Moreover, in the market size stage the biometric measurement and slaughtering value were evaluated. In the overall assessment of the results from all the localities carried out by the ANCOVA procedure, the highest weight at the K3 age was achieved by the hybrid HSM x AL (1413 {$\pm$} 31.5 g; Last square means {$\pm$} S.E.), whose weight was statistically comparable to the other hybrids (HSM x M72 a HSM x TeL). However, it was the only noticeably higher weight in comparison with the HSM (1257 {$\pm$} 31.5 g) with its ordinary heterosis effect of growth on the level of 12.4%. During the third year of testing, the survival ranged from 69.0 % in HSM x Tel to 73.4% in HSM x AL and the values were statistically comparable. The yield parameters (the proportion of the processed body, the proportion of filets with skin and the skinless ones) were similar in all the groups. In the previous periods of testing the results reflected the situation in the market size. As a result, it is concluded that preferably the hybrid HSM x AL could be exploitable in commercial breeding.

Influence of triazine based pesticide (Sencor 70 WG - active substance metribuzine) was assessed via biochemical and hematological blood profile determination of experimental fish. As experimental fish we used common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ). Before rating the Sencor 70 WG pesticide influence on biochemical and hematological blood profile we accomplished a preliminary test to determine a concentration range and after that a basic acute toxicity test to determine 96hLC50 value. Both fish samples fingerlings were used for performing the tests. After 96hLC50 determination two groups of experimental fish (aged 1-2 years) were under this concentration and one control group without the substance. The test was processed according to the OECD methodology No. 203. Fish dissection was performed after the test. The increased amount of phlegm of water consistency on the body surface was found out. The fish were of dark colour in contrast with the control group. The ventricle was larger and containing transudate. An outstanding vascular profusion of internal organs in the ventricle was found out. Biochemical profile of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ) experimental group under 96 hour acute operation of pesticide Sencor 70 WG (89,3mg.kg-1) proved significant lowering (p<0,01) of total proteins (TP), triglycerides (TRIG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), amonnia (NH3), alcaline phosphatase (ALP) and Ca2+ in the blood plasma in contrast with the control group. Hematological profile of the same group proved significant lowering (p<0,05) of the number of erythrocytes (Er), haematocrit (PCV), and significant increase (p<0,05) of erythrocyte haemoglobin (MCH) value in contrast with the control group. Biochemical profile of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) experimental group under 96 hour acute operation of pesticide Sencor 70 WG (250,2 mg.l-1) proved significant lowering (p<0,01) of total proteins (TP), triglycerides (TRIG), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Ca2+ and inorganic phosphate (PHOS) and significant increase (p<0,01) of glukose (GLU) and amonnia (NH3) concentration in the blood plasma in contrast with the control group. Hematological profile of the same group proved significant lowering (p<0,01) of the haematocrit (PCV), erytrocyte haemoglobin (MCH), mean erytrocyte volume (MCV) and number of leukocytes (Leuko) in contrast with the control group.

120 day feeding experiment was executed on the Trebon fishponds in the area of feeding the market carp. The aim was to determine what way of cereals processing will have favorable effects in terms of production efficiency in the mechanical processed cereal by grinding and mashing in comparison with cereal without processing. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristics of natural food, technology feeding, feed distribution and appropriate processing to achieve high growth results in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The practical part includes the methodology and results of the production parameters of carp fed by triticale without processing, by grinding and mashing. The highest feed efficiency was observed in carps under supplementary by triticale mashed feeding with FCR 0.83; 1.21 kg of FCE and FCR / SGR; 1.05; the highest growth rate was achieved in carp under supplementary by grinded triticale (1,2 mm) feeding with SGR: 0.86 %.d-1.; worse results were observed in carp feeding by triticale without processing: FCR: 1.27; FCE: 0.79 kg; FCR / SGR: 1.61; SGR: 0.79 %.d-1.

No description available.

The aim of the study was to compare the yield of scaly carp and mirror carp, two major representatives of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), predominantly bred in the Czech Republic. The yield comparisons were performed in a newly created company store, where it was important to assess the suitability of fish for different products. A partial objective was, through a questionnaire survey, to determine the popularity and frequency of the consumption of carp. Finally, the intensity of individual forms of carp was monitored. The experiment was conducted in the years 2012-2013 during the four seasons spring, summer, autumn and after relaying. The evaluation took place for two types of carp, the mirror carp and the scaly carp. Another reference subject was two ponds, the naturally fed Vrbský Pond and the feeding pond Musik. Both carp are characterized by distinct developmental and life cycles. The mirror carp, the body structure of which is smaller than the scaly carp, demonstrated a higher yield in all monitored aspects at the end of the evaluation. At the same time, the fillet yield of both representatives achieved similar values and ranged from about 43-48%. The carp from the feeding pond Musik gave a surprising result, where a lower yield was expected due to the lower amount of plankton and zoobenthos, a natural food for fish. During the monitored period, the highest yield was recorded in the period after relaying, while the lowest yield in the spring, due to the selected increased fish stock for the given year.

The object of this study is to design demembranation method on four freshwater species and its application on study of the influence of HgCl2 on the axoneme and motity sperm motility parameters. Demembranation was designed and examined for all investigated species common carp (Cyprinus carpio), sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), perch (Perca fluviatilis) and african catfish (Clarias gariepinus). One-step and two-step method was designed and tested for common carp. One-step method was designed for sterlet and perch. Two-step method of demembranation was designed for african catfish. Demembranation was designed and examined for all species under examination. Sperm motility was evidently increased above normal physiological value. Other sperm motility parameters (velocity, percent of motile cells) slightly decreased. HgCl2 in concentration 0,01 mM to the demembranation medium didn't show effect on flagellar microtubule aparat and then to the motility parameters, except sterlet; demembranated sterlet sperm was inhibited at all used concentration of HgCl2. Concentration 0,1 mM had inhibition effect on carp and africant catfish spermatozoa. Concentration 1 mM HgCl2 inhibited sperm of all tested species.