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Community Factors That Correlate with Middle-Adolescent Antisocial BehaviorKamenchuk, Olga 01 May 2003 (has links)
Many adolescents nowadays display antisocial behavior. A large number of theories explaining origin of antisocial behavior have been developed in the last several centuries. The current study utilizes the "ecological" theoretical framework that allows the researcher to consider multiple ecological systems in which individuals operate and to focus on the community factors influencing antisocial behavior.
The researcher used part of the Prevention Needs Assessment survey to identify which community risk and protective factors correlate with middle-adolescent antisocial behavior. Analysis included intercluster, cluster-item correlations, and partial correlations. Results indicated correlations between antisocial behavior and a number of community risk factors, and a relationship between antisocial behavior and language (but not ethnicity) of the individual. None of the protective factors were found to be present in this study.
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Weight Status, Physical Activity Levels, Perceived Neighborhood Health, and Healthy Community Factors among Latinos in Greater CincinnatiFunk, Andrew G. 10 June 2016 (has links)
No description available.
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Suicide Deaths: Do Socioecological Factors Differ by RuralityWilliam Thomas Felix (11197254) 28 July 2021 (has links)
<p><b>Objectives</b> The study will assess patterns
of known individual, interpersonal, and community-level circumstances leading
to suicide to understand how these factors can co-occur. These patterns will
help focus on prevention strategies.</p><p><b>Methods</b> Data was collected from the
Iowa Violent Death Reporting System, Census data from the American Community
Survey, and 2010 rural-urban commuting area codes from the Economic Research
Service. The study consisted of three steps. The first step latent class
analysis was conducted on data from suicide deaths from Iowa in 2016-2018 to
create classes of patterns of circumstances leading to suicide. The second step
maximum probability assignment was used to assign the sample of 1,276 to the
created latent classes. Finally, in the third step bivariate regressions were
ran to understand the relationship between the created latent classes and the
rurality variable (nonmetropolitan vs metropolitan).</p><p><b>Results </b>Five latent classes of distinct
patterns of suicide factors emerged. Class 1
is physical health
problems living in areas that are average on all community-level variables.
This class 1 is seen to happen with higher odds in nonmetropolitan areas. Class
2 is interpersonal problems in areas where living alone is high. This class 2
happened with higher odds in nonmetropolitan areas. Class 3 is mental health
problems or depressed mood with no legal problems in areas that had lower
educational attainment. This class 3 did not indicate greater odds based on
rurality. Class 4 is history of mental health treatment in well-off areas. This
class 4 was seen to happen with higher odds in metropolitan areas. Class 5 is
substance abuse problems in poorer areas. This class 5 did not indicate greater
odds based on rurality. All the classes
shared a common theme of experiencing mental health issues or being in a
depressed mood.</p><p><b>Conclusions </b>Suicide is a complex concern
that could be classified into several classes that have distinct patterns of
suicide factors. These classes and patterns help with identifying what services
and interventions are needed in certain communities. Overall, providing support
in regards to mental health as well as intervening in childhood to support
positive development may provide substantial mitigation to the odds of
committing suicide. In investigating these patterns, future prevention and
intervention effort can take into consideration these patterns to tailor to the
individual and the environments where they live.</p>
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Sociální vyloučení Romů na místní úrovni a strategie jeho překonávání / Social exclusion of Roma in community and strategies of its overcomingNešporová, Radka January 2014 (has links)
The diploma thesis titled "Social exclusion of Roma at the local level and strategy of overcoming" is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The goal of the thesis is to answer two main research questions: "What are the specific characteristics of life of the Roma in socially excluded locality Smíchov?" and "How do the Roma living in Smíchov perceive possibilities of the overcoming social exclusion of the Roma?". The theoretical part is insight into the problems of social exclusion of the Roma in the Czech Republic. It outlines the history of the Roma and the general concepts of coexistence of majority and minority. It also contains a description of the specific features of the social exclusion of the Roma in the Czech Republic and opportunities of social work in the Roma community. The theoretical part is followed by empirical part, which is based on a framework analysis of ten interviews with Roma respondents from Smíchov. The research examined the economic situation, social contacts, education level, life satisfaction and difficulties experience of discrimination and attitudes towards media image of Roma, politics and the police.
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Principals and their possible power to influence quality educationLe Roux, Moses Jakobus 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MEd)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The National Department of Basic Education is aware that it is not succeeding in providing
quality education for all school children. At present the performance of grade 3 and grade
6 learners, in both international and local assessment, is a matter for great concern. The
results suggest that most learners lack basic literacy and numeracy skills. Learners’
performance in the National Senior Certificate Examinations is also far from what it should
be.
The way in which schools are managed largely determines the quality of education
learners receive. As the managers of schools, therefore, principals are held responsible for
the poor performance of learners during these annual systemic evaluations.
The study aimed to investigate whether the school principals are aware of their powers
and whether they perceive themselves as able to use their power to influence school
practices positively and thus promote quality education.
The study indicates that principals rely on a combination of positional and personal power
sources to promote quality education. The study also indicates that principals are aware of
their power but have a limited understanding of the concept of power. They also seem to
lack the knowledge and understanding to exercise these powers effectively. Although they
seem able to exercise considerable power in different situations, principals are reluctant to
use their power. It seems that various external and internal factors influence their ability to
use their power effectively. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen Afrikaanse opsomming
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