Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DMRI) is a class of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques with broad medical applications ranging from characterization of tumors and brain damage to potential prediction of stroke. Gradient coil and signal-to- noise ratio (SNR) constraints limit spatial resolution, accuracy, and scan time in DMRI. Achieving high b-values (measures of a scan's sensitivity to diffusion) often require scans with long diffusion gradient pulses, leading to significant magnetic resonance (MR) signal decay before the signal can be sampled. This signal loss reduces the accuracy of diffusion parameter estimation. The ability to sample the MR signal sooner while maintaining the same b-value is restricted by the maximum amplitude and slew rate of gradient coils. A composite system utilizing body and high-powered insert gradient coils can achieve high b-values more quickly, enabling a shorter delay between excitation and signal sampling and improved accuracy of diffusion parameter estimation. Alternately, such a system can achieve higher b-values at an equivalent delay between excitation and signal sampling. This thesis describes the implementation of such a system, experiment design for evaluating the benefits of the system to DMRI, and design of a diffusion phantom. Also included are a characterization of a composite system's improvements to DMRI based on analysis of experimentally-obtained data and simulation results validating those findings. Finally, recommendations for further improvements to diffusion MRI are given.

[pt] Este trabalho apresenta uma nova metodologia para a avaliação de índices de confiabilidade para sistemas compostos de geração e transmissão. Através, deste novo método é possível obter uma estimativa precisa do valor da confiabilidade em sistemas de potência. A flexibilidade na modelagem e a eficiência da simulação são características básicas da metodologia proposta. Além disto, é introduzido um novo índice de confiabilidade custo esperado da perda de carga (LOLC - loss of load cost) que fornece todas as informações necessárias sobre os impactos econômicos das interrupções no fornecimento para os consumidores. Com este objetivo foi desenvolvido um novo modelo de simulação, denominado pseudo-seqüencial, que realiza sorteios não-sequenciais para determinar os estados de falha, e simulações cronológicas apenas para as subseqüência de falha. Nos exemplos com os sistemas IEEE- MRTS e Sudeste brasileiro, a simulação pseudo- seqüencial mostrou-se cerca de 25 a30 vezes mais rápida que a simulação convencional, baseada na precisão da estimativa do índice LOLC. Para melhorar ainda mais a eficiência do novo método é investigada a aplicação de uma técnica de redução de variância denominada amostragem por importância. Os resultados comprovam a possibilidade de aumentar a eficácia através da utilização de estratégias simples para os sorteios. Outros aspectos importantes associados com o valor da confiabilidade também podem ser analisados com a simulação pseudo-seqüencial : distribuições do custo de interrupção no sistema, curva de carga cronológica anual; consideração de incertezas na carga; representação da manutenção programada; utilização de funções não-exponenciais. Uma outra alternativa para a determinação do valor da confiabilidade é a simulação pseudo-seqüencial markoviana. Nesta abordagem o sistema é modelado por um processo de Markov homogêneo e o método de transição de estados é utilizado para a identificação das interrupções. Algumas das flexibilidades de representação e a precisão do método pseudo-seqüencial original são mantidas. Finalmente, um esquema de redução de variância especialmente desenvolvido para a simulação pseudo-seqüencial é testado em sistemas equivalentes. / [en] This work presents a new methodology to evaluate reliability índices in composite generation and transmission systems. Through this new approach is possible to achieve an accurate estimate of the reliability worth of power systems. The modeling flexibility and simulation efficiency are basic features of the proposed approach. Moreover, it is introduced a new reliability index called LOLC (loss of load cost), which provides a complete information about the economic impact of customer supply interruptions. Bearing in mind this objective was developed a new developed a new simulation model, named pseudo-sequential, based on the nonsequencial sampling to locate the failed states and on the chronological simulation of only the sub- sequences associated with these failed states. In case studies with the IEEE Modified Reliability Test System (MRST) and the Brazilian southeastern system, the pseudo- sequential simulation has shown about twenty-five to thirty times faster than the convential sequential Monte Carlo simulation, based on the relative uncertainly of LOLC estimate. In order to improve the efficacy of the new approach, it is examined the application of one variance reduction technique named importance sampling. The results prove the ability of increasing the speedup through trivial sampling strategies. Another alternative to asses the reliability worth is markovian pseudo-sequential simulation. In this approach, the system is modeled by a homogeneus. Markov process and the state transition method is applied to establish the supply interruptions. The flexibility and accuracy of the original pseudo-sequential method are partially retained. Finally, it is used a customized variance reduction scheme to test pseudo-sequential simulation in equivalent systems.

The thesis deals with the desing of new kindergarten in Hlinsko. The building is on the outskirt of the Down, street Družstevní. The house is basementless, has twou floors and a flat foor. The building is made from constructional system Porothem, the facade is designed with an external thermal insulation composite system. On the firt floor there are a childrenś department and technical department with kitchen. On the second, there are two childernś departments. The building is processed in the Archicad 14.

Subject of master´s thesis is an apartment building in Uhersky Brod. Subject is designed on a sloped site in central urban area of the city. Apartments are placed on three floors above the ground level, in underground floor is situated a garage. Vertical load-bearing structures in lower floors are made of monolithic reinforced concrete, upper floors are made of ceramic blocks HELUZ. Whole building is insulated with external thermal insulation composite system. Horizontal structures are made of monolithic reinforced concrete. Roof is partly mono-pitched, partly double-pitched truss roof.

ABSTRACT The scope of this Diploma thesis is create the detail design documentation for building of new nursery school in Zbýšov. The two-storey building with partial basement is located southwest and has a regular ground plan. There are four departments for children of the age from 3 to 6 years, administration part with language classroom and speech therapy classroom, offices and facilities for teachers, cafeteria and technical part located on the first floor. The building is constructed of Porotherm 30 Profi, Porotherm 30 AKU bricks and is built on concrete strip foundations. The perimeter of the basement is created by the vertical load-bearing walls made of reinforced concrete bricks. There is used the certified external thermal insulation composite system. The internal non-load masonry is designed from Porotherm 14 Profi and Porotherm 11,5 AKU. The horizontal load-bearing ceiling construction is made of pre-stressed reinforced concrete panel Spiroll. The stairs are monolithic, made of reinforced concrete. The flat roofs are designed with using of extensive green roof system.

The aim of the diploma thesis is design an area of a horseback riding club in the village Tereziny Dary in form of project documentation. The area will be used for comfortable housing of small amount of horses and their training for military competition. There are an accommodation for staff, an accommodation for guests, a meeting place for club´s members, a stable for horses, an outdoor riding school and an indoor riding school in the area. For purpose of the thesis the building SO01 – Club Facilities was processed in detailed design documentation. The buildings SO02 – Stable and SO03 – Indoor Riding School were processed in architectural study documentation.

The subject of this diploma thesis is the new apartment house with business premises in the Riegrova street in Svitavy. The apartment house is located on flat land in the built-up area near the town centre. The building does not have a basement and has four floors. On the first floor there are a beauty and massage salon, a newsagent, a shoe shop, a maternal centre, entrances to the residential part and storage spaces belonging to the housing units. On the second, the third and the fourth floors there are housing units of different categories. The car park is situated outside the building. The building is made from constructional system Porotherm, the roof of the building is flat. The facade is designed with an external thermal insulation composite system. Drawings are processed in ArchiCAD 14.

This diploma thesis discusses the problems of defects and faults of external thermal insulation composite systems. The first part describes the correct procedures for application systems, the next part describes defects, faults and their causes and the end of the thesis describes the contactless diagnostic methods used for the survey of ETICS. This part is mainly focus on detection of anchors. The example shows the calculation of anchoring.

The subject of the final thesis is the elaboration of design documentation for the new construction of an accommodation facility, specifically a boarding house intended for recreation. The new building is located in the cadastral area of ??the village Vernířovice. It is a building with three floors above ground and one underground floor. The building is based on foundation strips made of plain concrete and a foundation slab made of reinforced concrete. The vertical load-bearing structures are made of cley blocks and blocks of permanent formwork. Horizontal load-bearing structures are made of reinforced concrete. The roof structure is saddle with elongated dormers.

This final thesis "Kindergarten" was made as a project documentation for a building construction. The kindergarten is designed for maximal 28 children. Kindergarden is designed as a detached building consists of two above-ground floors. Behind the building, there is a large garden, which is a part of the property. Building is situated on a sloping terrain in a walking distance from a residential area of Hajany. There are two operating units: technical part (managemant part) and activity unit. Kindergarten is planed as a masonry building, based on strip foundations.