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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / It is the purpose of this thesis to assemble and evaluate the art of cinephotomicrography as related to biology. Early investigators used photographic methods but did not describe them in a manner that could be used by others. The first recorded use of cinephotomicrography was made by Marey in 1894 in studying the flight of birds. Later camera-microscope combinations were employed to study fertilization and division of cells, and in observing capillary circulation. The motion picture camera is uniquely suited to automatically record microscopic phenomena, and to the slowing or accelerating of natural processes for detailed study. The Committee on Standards for Motion Pictures of Biological Material (Biological Photographers Association) has outlined the following criteria for successful cinephotomicrography: 1. The 16mm film size is preferable because of low cost and generally available projection facilities. 2. Color film is preferable to black and white when the color of the object photographed is essential to identification. 3. Sound films are valuable for historical purposes, and for recording auditory phenomena as speech, animal sounds and diagnostic sounds. Their use in teaching is limited because of the necessity of adapting films to specific classroom situations by the use of teacher commentary. 4. Excellence of a film depends on the quality of photographic teachique, presentation, adequacy of titles, and editing. 5. Subject matter must be carefully chosen. Cinephotomicrographic techniques appear to be especially valuable for use in the following circumstances: 1. Recording of life of organisms in their natural environment or showing their adaptability to unusual conditions. 2. Analysis of living processes. 3. Audience viewing of small-scale processes. 4. For demonstration of experiments. At Boston University a simple and practical method of cinephotomicrography applicable to research on the microcirculation was developed by the author during the period 1936-40. The basic instrumentation (including apochromatic objectives, compensating oculars, and a light splitting prism) has since been improved and is now widely used in research and in the preparation of teaching films. The cinephotomicrographic method has in some instances been found to be one of the best means of recording scientific data. Films can also be used to eliminate the necessity of repeating experiments, to demonstrate to a class experiments too elaborate or expensive to perform in a school laboratory, and to illustrate biological processes for the understanding of the layman. Recently several new instruments and techniques have been applied to scientific motion picture use. The stroboscopic light developed by H.E. Edgerton has made possible the analysis of extremely rapid motions. Television systems have been adapted for the study of such phenomena as transcapillary exchange in living organs. The use of television opens the possibility of sharing scientific experiments and data on a wider basis. The polar planimeter is an instrument used for the determination of the area of irregular plane surfaces. Used in conjunction with the camera and microscope this device is a reasonably accurate tool. Infra red photography is valuable in the study of disease symptoms To data this technique has been mainly applied to plants but is being adapted by the medical profession for use in animal tissues. In recent years teaching films have become an important part of most science curricula. The well known film "Hemo the Magnificent" was based on work by Fulton and Lutz at Boston University. Video tape recording and closed circuit television systems offer tremendous possibilities in the area of team teaching. Technical advances in cinephotomicroscopy are now reaching a level matching that of other areas of our technology. / 2999-01-01

In state-of-the-art libraries (for example, Standard Template Library), they support a number of data models, such as set, map, sequence, etc. Since graph data processing is widely used in combinatorial processing and optimization programs, in this research, we implemented software design of a graph model with extended views. In the design, we developed various graph data models with associated graph operations and graph algorithms. With this library, we can support program designs utilizing graph data and processing.

Our study investigated the processing of compound vocabulary of bilingual (BL) Mandarin-English children and their performance in comparison to monolingual (ML) English children. From this study, we sought to determine (a) how the BL children performed in Mandarin compared to English (b) how the BL children performed compared to the ML children, and (c) how background factors, such as language use and vocabulary size affect compound processing. We predicted that the BL children would show an advantage on compound processing tasks over the ML children due to the importance of compounding in word formation in Mandarin Chinese. In addition, we also used performance on picture vocabulary tasks as covariates to take into consideration potential differences in vocabulary size, as BL children often have a smaller vocabulary in each language because of distribution across languages. Data were collected from 25 BL Mandarin-English children (between 40 to 104 months of age) who were matched within three months to 25 ML English children (between 40 to 105 months of age). Children participated in a compound analogy task, in which they produced novel compounds after a model; and a compound knowledge task, in which they explained real compounds. Comparing performance across languages, results showed that the BL children demonstrated higher performance in the dominant language (English) than in the nondominant language (Mandarin). The BL children were more likely to accurately produce novel compounds, but also more likely to make errors that involved the use of compounds. No significant difference was found in BL and ML performance on compound knowledge tasks. Significant relationships were found for some of the participant characteristics for both the BL and ML children and performance. In particular, age, picture identification, and picture naming performance were correlated with compound performance for the BL participants; performance on the picture identification task and compound processing tasks were correlated with each other for the ML participants. These findings provided limited support for our hypothesis. Future investigations should include BL participants who have a more balanced proficiency in both languages, as well as examine factors that were found to influence ease of compound processing. / text

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

The aim of the master’s thesis is to design continuous mixer for preparation of molding compounds on the performance of 1 – 3 t/hour. The first part of the thesis contains recherché from molding compound and molding compound mixers field. In the next part there is an own design of mixer containing basic calculations and strength analysis by FEM. Part of the thesis is also 3D model of the whole machine as well as drawing documentation of selected parts. At the end of thesis partial risk analysis by FMEA is made.

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