Le Québec est une province où cohabite une majorité francophone avec une minorité anglophone, ce qui la rend unique au Canada. C'est dans ce contexte sociétal particulier que le Ministère de l'Faculté d'éducation des Loisirs et du Sport (MELS) du Québec a décidé de réviser son seul programme d'échanges linguistiques offert aux écoles anglophones et francophones, primaires et secondaires. En effet, ce programme, qui a pour objectifs de promouvoir l'apprentissage de la langue seconde ainsi que le rapprochement de ces deux groupes culturellement et linguistiquement distincts, est actuellement sous-utilisé. Un comité directeur travaille présentement à la révision du programme, par le biais de l'expérimentation d'un nouveau modèle d'échange : le PÉLIQ-AN*. À ce dernier est rattachée une recherche-action dont les principaux chercheurs sont les professeurs Benoit Côté et Patricia Lamarre. La présente recherche, de nature qualitative, s'inscrit à l'intérieur de cette démarche. Elle vise à explorer les perceptions de parents dont les enfants participent au projet, et ce, à trois niveaux : leurs motivations à y adhérer, leur évaluation générale du projet et les impacts qu'ils observent sur leur enfant et sur leur famille. Cette recherche est utile à l'évaluation globale du projet-pilote par le comité en place puisqu'elle fournit des informations au sujet de perceptions n'ayant jamais encore été explorées. *PÉLIQ-AN pour : Projets d'Échanges Linguistiques Intra-Québec : approche nouvelle.

<p>The internationalization process is usually viewed from an outward- perspective ininternational business literature. In this thesis the focus is put on an outward-inwardinterrelationship perspective. An extensive literature review from literature in internationalbusiness literature, entrepreneurial literature as well as international marketing literature wasconducted in order to extract key variables that affect the process of internationalization of thefirm. The key variables that were examined were: Business Contacts, InternationalExperience, Perceived International Opportunity and Perceived International Uncertainty.A qualitative interview with semi-structured questions was conducted in order to construct amodel that should be used as the basis for a quantitative study of an inward-driveninternationalization process, in order to generalize. The results were in line with thepropositions based on the relationships between the variables. In other words, the constructedmodel and the developed questionnaire were of use when examining the relationship betweenthe variables and seem to be of value when applied to an inward oriented context. Thevariable International Experience received the highest score and seemed to reflect animportant contribution for the internationalization process. Nevertheless, further quantitativeresearch is asked for, in order to support the results and be able to generalize.</p>

No description available.

Prior studies have documented the expanded role of 311 non-emergency systems in public participation, public management and performance management in local governments. Three-one-one began as a simple telephone-based system for requesting non-emergency services and now plays an important role in local governments. Yet, there are very few insights into the impact of 311 systems on their public users, even as local governments increasingly turn to 311 as a public engagement tool, using it to facilitate citizen-initiated contacts. This dissertation explores two research questions. First, how has 311 technology affected citizen behavior? Second, has the introduction of a 311 system produced a more equitable pattern of participation in the administrative process by changing the profile of citizens who contact local government? This dissertation finds that the three cities in the case studies (Denver, Minneapolis and Kansas City) faced several challenges during implementation, including managing the internal culture change associated with introducing 311 into local government. It also finds some evidence of higher contacting rates and increased equity associated with 311 use. These findings have two main policy implications. First, they highlight the importance of designing a variety of participation options to ensure that participation is open to various cross-sections of the population and to equalize access to government across venues. Second, more consideration needs to be given to the design features of an implementation plan for an innovation such as 311, ensuring a clear link between the features and specific desired outcomes, given the unique conditions of the implementation context.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Sensor networks are made up of small battery-powered sensing devices with wireless communication capabilities, enabling the network to monitor the environment in which it is deployed. Through their flexible and cable-free design these networks open up for new deployment scenarios that were previously not plausible such as during a natural disaster. Motivated by scenarios where centralized oversight is not possible the focus of this thesis is to equip nodes with further adaptability to changes in the links it has with other nodes. This is achieved through contributions in three areas focusing on observations from a node-link perspective. First, the impact the local environment has on the nodes is explored by deploying a sensor network outdoors next to a meteorological station to correlate the variations in link quality to the changes in the environment. The work identifies temperature as the main factor, where through further investigations in a controlled setting, a linear relationship between the decrease in signal quality and the increase in temperature is described. Secondly, the thesis address how nodes in a sensor network can be motivated to exchange data by modeling it as a game. The game theoretic design is motivated by the absence of any centralized control and focus on the nodes as individual users in the network. The presented design motivates the selfish nodes to participate in the exchange of sensor data, showing that it is the best strategy. Lastly, by exploring and understanding how connections in a mobile sensor network occur, nodes are given more flexibility to determine how to send and sample sensor data. This adaptability to contact occurrences is shown to provide better ways of sending data by selecting higher quality links as well as making sampling more energy preserving by reducing the rate in the vicinity of other nodes. / CNDS / WISENET

This master thesis is focused on issues of technology transfer and cooperation between universities and application area. The aim is to disclose the barriers and factors that affect technology transfer and to identify the spatial pattern of cooperation. Theory of regional systems, concepts of triple helix, differentiated knowledge bases and models of learning are verified by a case study of Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. For the verification were used guided interviews with selected leaders of research teams at Faculty of Science. This thesis points out that the local specifics shape the character of cooperation. On the other hand comparison with research institutions in South Moravia shows that barriers affecting technology transfer are national. The comparison also shows that the existence of supporting institutions can positively affect the transfer of knowledge between academic and industry sphere. Key words: technology transfer, cooperation, personal contacts

O objetivo desta investigação foi identificar, descrever e analisar a percepção dos comunicantes intradomiciliares de doentes de hanseníase sobre a doença, o convívio com o doente e o controle realizado pelo serviço de saúde. Optou-se pela abordagem de natureza qualitativa. A população do estudo constitui-se de 19 comunicantes intradomiciliares cadastrados na unidade de saúde onde são desenvolvidas ações do Programa de Eliminação da Hanseníase no município de Fernandópolis/SP. Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta de dados foram: o prontuário do doente, o formulário e a entrevista semi-estruturada, com três questões norteadoras. Para a análise dos dados qualitativos utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade Temática. Três unidades temáticas foram conformadas a partir dos núcleos de sentido: 1ª) A doença hanseníase - a percepção dos comunicantes intradomiciliares (a relação da hanseníase com a lepra e hanseníase: de doença desconhecida ao conhecimento da classificação, aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e terapêuticos sobre a doença); 2ª) O convívio com o doente - a percepção dos comunicantes intradomiciliares (a convivência com o doente: normalidade, dificuldades e contradições; as atitudes dos comunicantes no convívio com o doente; a percepção dos sofrimentos durante o convívio e o estigma e o preconceito); e 3ª) O controle realizado pelo serviço de saúde - a percepção dos comunicantes intradomiciliares (as ações do programa de controle de eliminação da hanseníase desenvolvidas pela unidade de saúde e a atenção recebida pelo serviço de saúde). Os resultados apontam que os comunicantes intradomiciliares de doentes de hanseníase participam do processo de adoecimento, incorporando conhecimentos sobre a doença, atribuindo-lhe significados de acordo com seus valores, atitudes e crenças; compartilham dos problemas dos doentes e procuram ajudá-los em suas necessidades e, ainda, percebem o controle que o serviço de saúde realiza sobre eles e os doentes dentro de um quadro de referência pautado pela satisfação no atendimento. Constatou-se também a necessidade da valorização da vigilância dos contatos em outras perspectivas, além da epidemiológica, de forma a contemplar outras dimensões da vida desses sujeitos. / The aim of this investigation was to identify, describe and analyze the perception of the household contacts of the Hansen Disease patients about the disease itself, the living together with the patient and the control made by the health care service. The qualitative research was chosen and the study population was constituted by nineteen household contacts registered in the health care unit where the Program of Hansen Disease Elimination Actions are developed in the Fernandópolis municipality in the State of São Paulo. The utilized tools to get the database were the patient\'s file, paper form and semi-structured interview with three oriented questions. For the qualitative data treatment The Content Analysis Technique was used, the Theme mode. By means of sense nuclei three theme units have emerged: 1) The Hansen disease, the perception of the household contacts was conformed from two sense nuclei: the relationship with the Hansen Disease with Leprosy and the Hansen Disease from an unknown disease to the classification knowledge, clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic aspects about the disease; 2) The living with the patient, the perception of the household contacts, (the living with the patient: normality, difficulties and contradictions; the contact\'s attitudes in the living together with the patient; the perception of the suffering during the living together, the stigma and the prejudice); 3) The control made by the health care service - the household contact\'s perception (the actions of the elimination control program of Hansen disease made by the health care unit and the attention gotten through it). The results show that the household contacts of Hansen disease patients take part in the sickening process incorporating knowledge about the disease giving to it significance according to its values, attitudes and creeds. They share the patients\' problems and seek to help them in their needs and still note the control that the health care performs about them and the patients within a reference framework based upon the satisfaction onto the waiting on procedure. The results also demonstrate the necessity for an enhancement to watching over the contacts in order to contemplate other dimensions in those contacts\' lives.

by Hiu-suen Choy. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [124]-131). / Acknowledgements / Abstract / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1-1 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Basic Theory for MSM Photodetectors --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.1 --- Schottky-Mott Theory for Ideal metal-Semiconductor Contact --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.2 --- Modifications to Schottky-Mott Theory for Practical Metal Semiconductor Contact --- p.2-4 / Chapter 2.3 --- Energy Band of Metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) Structures --- p.2-6 / Chapter 2.4 --- Dark Current Voltage Characteristics for MSM Structure --- p.2-12 / Chapter 2.5 --- Capacitance for Interdigitated MSM Photodetectors --- p.2-16 / Chapter 2.6 --- Basic mechanism of the MSM Photodetector --- p.2-19 / Chapter 2.7 --- DC Responsity and Quantum Efficiency of the Interdigitated MSM Photodetector --- p.2-20 / Chapter 2.8 --- Speed Performance of the Interdigitated MSM Photodetector --- p.2-21 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Device Fabrication and Packaging --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.1 --- Metallization Pattern --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.2 --- Device Fabrication --- p.3-7 / Chapter 3.3 --- Device Packaging --- p.3-8 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Experimental Description --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.1 --- Experimental Procedures --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.2 --- Equipment Description --- p.4-3 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- 1.3μm In0.53Ga0.47As Metal-Semiconductor-Metal Photodetector Grown by Low-Pressure MOCVD Using Tertiarybutylarsine --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.1 --- General Description --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.2 --- Structure of the Photodetector --- p.5-2 / Chapter 5.3 --- Experimental Results --- p.5-6 / Chapter 5.4 --- Data Analysis and Discussion --- p.5-14 / Chapter 5.5 --- Summary --- p.5-24 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- The Performance of 0.85μm Semi-Insulated GaAs MSM Photodetector with Different Interdigitated Spacings --- p.6-1 / Chapter 6.1 --- General Description --- p.6-1 / Chapter 6.2 --- Experimental Results --- p.6-2 / Chapter 6.3 --- Data Analysis and Discussion --- p.6-17 / Chapter 6.4 --- Summary --- p.6-27 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Optical Control of Polarity in Short Electrical Pulses Generated from Coplanar Waveguide MSM Photodetectors --- p.7-1 / Chapter 7.1 --- General Description --- p.7-1 / Chapter 7.2 --- "Structure, Fabrication and Experimental Set-up" --- p.7-1 / Chapter 7.3 --- Experimental Results --- p.7-4 / Chapter 7.4 --- Data Analysis and Discussion --- p.7-11 / Chapter 7.5 --- Applications --- p.7-18 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusion --- p.8-1 / References / Publications

Microstructure plays a fundamental role in thin film technology, especially regarding the phase stability of a multi-layer ohmic contact stack. Preventing the solid-state reaction between layers is possible if a suitable diffusion barrier material can be inserted between them that is compatible with the manufacturing process, typically involving deposition by magnetron sputtering and patterning by selective chemical etching. However, the microstructural characteristics of sputtered films facilitate interdiffusion at temperatures far below the scale at which bulk materials begin to react. Diffusivities along grain boundaries and other extended defects dominate at lower temperatures, and in thin films, such defects are typically abundant. A polycrystalline barrier layer fails to prevent grain boundary diffusion and the onset of unwanted reactions because the barrier layer's microstructure, as well as its thermodynamic compatibility with the stack, determines its effectiveness. This dissertation discusses the development and implementation of a sputter deposition process for improving high temperature phase stability in a platinum electrode contact metallization to p-doped silicon. Experiments on stacks with a polycrystalline Ti diffusion barrier scheme yield proof that this barrier fails in non-oxidizing ambient when inhomogeneous eruptions of PtSi form at pinhole centers of rapid interdiffusion at 525 ◦C. Fabrication and testing of stacks with two new barrier schemes follows under competing microstructural engineering strategies: (1) Addition of a small layer of C adjacent to the Ti barrier could clog its grain boundaries and suppress diffusion along them, and (2) exchanging Ti with amorphous Ta-Si-N might curb interdiffusion by removing the presence of grain boundaries from the fundamental structure of the barrier material. The addition of C was not found to improve the phase stability of the stack, but the Ta-Si-N barrier inhibits interdiffusion of the electrode and substrate up to 700 ◦C in Ar-H2 ambient. However, when interdiffusion is suppressed in the stack, additional phenomena limit phase stability. Morphological degradation in both the Pt and PtSi layers occurs. More critically, catastrophic delamination of the Pt electrode ensues in oxidizing ambient. An adhesion layer of Ti mitigates the delamination problem, but bubbles form between the barrier and electrode layers. The delamination problem associated with Ta-Si-N cannot be suppressed due to the inherently strong oxidative kinetics of the material.