Thesis (M. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Rhode Island, 2009. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 195-205).

No description available.

Die Bachelorarbeit konzentriert sich auf die Untersuchung der Leistung der Java Virtual Machi- ne (JVM), insbesondere in containerisierten Umgebungen. Die Motivation für diese Arbeit sowie die Zielsetzung und das methodische Vorgehen, einschlieSSlich der verwendeten Werkzeuge und Methoden, werden in Kapitel 1 dargelegt. Kapitel 2 erläutert die theoretischen Grundlagen, die für das Verständnis der Performanceun- tersuchungen in dieser Arbeit erforderlich sind. Dazu gehört eine Einführung in die Performance von Programmen und deren Messung, die Grundlagen von Containertechnologien sowie eine detail- lierte Untersuchung der Struktur der Java Virtual Machine und der in dieser Arbeit verwendeten JVM–Implementierungen. Zudem werden die eingesetzten Werkzeuge und Methoden sowie der aktuelle Forschungsstand in diesem Bereich vorgestellt. Das Experiment wird umfassend in Kapitel 3 beschrieben. Es wird ein detaillierter Einblick in die Forschungs– und Entscheidungsprozesse gegeben, die zur Durchführung der Performan- ceuntersuchungen führten, einschlieSSlich der Entwicklung und Prognosen der Benchmarks. Die Implementierung der Anwendung, die Containerisierung der JVMs und die notwendigen Schritte zur Ausführung und Messung der Benchmarks werden ebenfalls erläutert. In Kapitel 4 werden die Messergebnisse der Container–ImagegröSSen und Startzeiten sowie die Resultate der implementierten Benchmarks präsentiert. Die Daten werden analysiert und in Bezug auf verschiedene Performanceaspekte interpretiert. Es wird versucht, die Vor– und Nach- teile der unterschiedlichen JVM–Implementierungen darzustellen und Designentscheidungen zu unterstützen. AbschlieSSend werden die Ergebnisse der Arbeit in Kapitel 5 zusammengefasst. Es wird auf die Gültigkeit der Ergebnisse unter bestimmten Bedingungen eingegangen und mögliche Grenzen der Untersuchung aufgezeigt. AuSSerdem wird ein Ausblick auf potenzielle zukünftige Forschungs- arbeiten gegeben.:Abbildungsverzeichnis III Tabellenverzeichnis V Listings VII 1 Einleitung 1 1.1 Motivation 1 1.2 Zielsetzung 1 1.3 Methodisches Vorgehen 2 2 Theoretische Grundlagen 3 2.1 Performance von Programmen 3 2.2 Container und Podman 5 2.3 JVM und ihre Struktur 6 2.3.1 Runtime Data Areas 6 2.3.2 Execution Engine 8 2.4 Unterschiede der JVM–Implementationen 9 2.4.1 HotSpot 9 2.4.2 GraalVM 10 2.4.3 Zulu 10 2.4.4 OpenJ9 10 2.5 Werkzeuge und Methoden 11 2.6 State of the Art 11 3 Experiment 13 3.1 Planung 13 3.1.1 Grundlegende Recherche 13 3.1.2 Entwurf der Benchmarks 14 3.1.3 Erwartungshaltung 15 3.2 Implementierung 15 3.3 Durchführung und Messung 21 4 Auswertung und Vergleich 23 5 Fazit 33 Literaturverzeichnis 35 A Quellcode und Ergebnisse der Benchmarks 39 A.1 Elektronischer Datenträger 39 A.2 Quellcode der Matrixmultiplikation 40 A.3 Ausschnitte des Quellcodes der GC–Benchmarks 41 A.4 Ausschnitte des Quellcodes des Quicksort–Benchmarks 42

No description available.

We propose a new measure, called the Container Port Connectivity Index (CPCI), to more accurately reflect the relative importance of container ports within the global network of container shipping. This index is based on both economics and network topology, where the strength of a port is based on its position within the global structure of shipping network and not just on local information, such as the number of TEUs handled or direct links to other ports. As the CPCI produces two separate scores for each inbound and outbound connectivity, we can use them to analyze the economic roles played by each port independently. We also propose a framework for evaluating market stability of a logistics hub in a competitive environment. In particular, we build a model, called the Liner Shipping Cooperative Model, to predict how the community of liners calling at a hub might develop as the result of actions by competitors. We use such a model to study the behavior of shipping lines, as well as the resulting trade-flow changes, as the system gradually moves toward new equilibrium defined by the grand coalition. With this piece of information, a port authority would be able to quantify threats posed by competitors and, consequently, devise counter strategies to safeguard its business against competing ports.

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

published_or_final_version / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts

Este trabalho apresenta um diagnóstico da questão de automação em terminais de contêineres no Brasil, assim como oferece uma proposta de um modelo que permita auxiliar a reflexão no momento da tomada de decisão na escolha da automação de equipamentos e/ou de processos que compõem as principais atividades de um terminal de contêineres. O processo de automação é recente na indústria portuária, teve seu início na década de 90 em países europeus cujos custos laborais eram altíssimos e necessitavam aumentar a produtividade e experimentar inovações. O modelo apresentado pretende ser uma proposta de análise expandida, isto é, um conceito amplo, que não verifique apenas análises financeiras, mas outros aspectos pertinentes à gestão e planejamento de um terminal, indicados por meio de um conjunto de variáveis. A saber: Layout existente ou proposto do terminal, Investimento financeiro CAPEX e OPEX, Confiabilidade dos sistemas de automação, Integração com sistemas de Tecnologia da Informação e Inteligência de Equipamento, em especial com os Sistemas de Operações dos Terminais, mas conhecidos como TOS (Terminal Operating System), Organização do trabalho e alterações de procedimentos operacionais, Contribuição para a segurança e meio ambiente, Obrigatoriedade legal do uso de automação, Custo e Intensidade do uso de mão de obra. A contextualização do setor e evolução da automação na indústria portuária; assim como um quadro atual da situação (diagnóstico) de automação dos terminais brasileiros será apresentada. Posteriormente, a revisão bibliográfica do tema com os principais artigos nacionais e internacionais. Todo esse arcabouço busca demonstrar o hiato existente entre os estágios automatizados e não automatizados; indicar os principais entraves existentes na implantação da automação por processo existente; promover a discussão da viabilidade desses terminais entre operadores, armadores, clientes e demais intervenientes em termos de produtividade, eficiência e de custos. A delicada questão da mão de obra avulsa não foi considerada uma variável restritiva do modelo por diversas razões: pois por si só seria restrição de implantação da automação pela reserva de mercado, especialmente para avulsos; ela permeia diversos itens listados anteriormente. Ao final dessa tese, além do diagnóstico de automação no país e de uma proposta de modelo para a tomada de decisão; espera-se contribuir a pesquisa e ao ensino da engenharia e áreas de gestão indicando do grau e desenvolvimento tecnológico na área de automação especificamente para terminais de contêineres. E, por derradeiro, fomentar uma reflexão sobre a profundidade das mudanças operacionais e organizacionais do trabalho que podem ocorrer. / This study aims a diagnosis of automation in container terminals in Brazil, and offers a proposal of model that allows assist the reflection at the time of decision making in the choice of automation equipment and/or processes that compose the main activities of a container terminal. The automation process is recent into port industry, beginning in the 90s in European countries whose labor costs were very high and needed to increase productivity and test innovations. The model to be presented is intended to be a proposal for expanded analysis, ie, a wide concept, which not only make financial analysis, but others relevant to the terminal management and planning, indicated by a set of variable features. Namely: existing or proposed layout, Financial Investment CAPEX and OPEX, Reliability of automation systems, integration of Information and Intelligence hardware technology systems, in particular with the Terminal Operating System (TOS), organization of work and changes in Standards Operating Procedures, Contribution to safety and the environment, legal obligation of the use of automation, cost and intensity of use of labor. The contextualization of the sector and the evolution of automation in the port industry; as the current situation (diagnosis) of Brazilian container terminals will be presented. Subsequently, the literature review of the topic with the main national and international articles. All this framework seeks to demonstrate the gap between automated and non-automated stages; indicate the main barriers in implementation of automation for existing process; further discussion of the viability of these terminals to operators, shipowners, customers and others stakeholders in terms of productivity, efficiency and cost. The delicate issue of dock workers was not considered a restrictive variable model for several reasons: it alone would restriction deployment automation by booking deployment automation, especially for dockers pool; it permeates many items listed above. At the end of this thesis, in addition to the diagnosis of automation in the country and a proposed model for decision making; is expected to contribute to research and education in engineering and management areas indicating the degree and technological development in automation specifically for container terminals. And at last, to promote reflections on the depth of operational and organizational job changes that may occur.