Determining the relative importance of processes that control the generation and preservation of continental margin stratigraphy is fundamental to deciphering the history of geologic, climatic and oceanographic forcing imprinted on their sedimentary record. The Northern Carnarvon Basin (NCB) of the North West Shelf of Australia has been a site of passive margin sedimentation throughout the Neogene. Cool-water carbonate sedimentation dominated during the early-middle Miocene, quartz-rich siliciclastics prograded over the shelf during the late-middle Miocene, and carbonate sedimentation resumed in the Pliocene. Middle Miocene to Pliocene siliciclastics were deposited as clinoform sets interpreted as delta lobes primarily based on their plan-view morphology and their relief of 40-100 m. Shelf-edge trajectory analysis suggests that part of this stratigraphic succession was built during a long-term, third order, regressive phase, producing shelf-edge deltas, followed by an aggradational episode. These trends appear to correlate with third-order global eustatic cycles. Slope incisions were already conspicuous on the slope before deltas reached the shelf-break. Nevertheless, slope gullies immediately downdip from the shelf-edge deltas are wider and deeper (>1 km wide, ~100 m deep) than coeval incisions that are laterally displaced from the deltaic depocenter (~0.7 km wide, ~25 m deep). This change in gully morphology is likely the result of greater erosion by sediment gravity flows sourced from shelf-edge deltas. Total late-middle to late Miocene margin progradation increased almost three times from 13 km in the southwest to 34 km in the northeast, where shelf-edge deltas were concentrated. Flat-topped carbonate platforms seem to have initiated on subtle antecedent topographic highs resulting from these deltaic lobes. A reduction of siliciclastic supply to the outer paleo-shelf during the Pliocene combined with the onset of a southwestward-flowing, warm-water Leeuwin Current (LC) most likely controlled the initiation of these carbonate platforms. These platforms display marked asymmetry, likely caused by an ancestral LC, which created higher-angle, upcurrent platform margins, and lower-angle, downcurrent clinoforms. The along-strike long-term migration trend of the platforms could be the result of differential subsidence. These platforms constitute the first widespread accumulation of photozoan carbonates in the Northern Carnarvon Basin. They became extinct after the mid-Pleistocene when the LC weakened or became more seasonal. / text

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O presente estudo compreende a análise de distribuição dos foraminíferos bentônicos vivos no talude continental da Bacia de Campos e Platô de São Paulo (entre 400 e 3000 m de profundidade), buscando entender os processos condicionantes dessa distribuição. Dados sedimentológicos, geoquímicos e microfaunísticos permitiram identificar três grupos na área de estudo. O grupo I inclui amostras do talude superior, médio e inferior (400-1300 m de profundidade), e é caracterizado por valores maiores de densidade de foraminíferos bentônicos, carbono orgânico total, concentração de fitopigmentos, biomassa de bactérias, menores valores de sortable silt e de conteúdo de carbonato de cálcio, e pela presença de espécies como Globocassidulina subglobosa, Reophax scorpiurus, Reophax subfusiformis, Reophax spiculotestus e Epistominella exigua. O grupo II, constituído de amostras do talude inferior e Platô de São Paulo (1900-3000 m de profundidade), é caracterizado por menores densidades de foraminíferos bentônicos, carbono orgânico total, concentração de fitopigmentos, biomassa de bactérias, maiores valores de sortable silt e de conteúdo de carbonato de cálcio, e pela presença de espécies como Saccorhiza ramosa, Rhizammina algaeformis, Karrerulina sp2. e Hyperammina rugosa. O grupo III (1900-3000 m de profundidade) diferencia-se do grupo II pela presença da Glomospira gordialis, Pyrgoella irregularis e Reophax helenae. Constatou-se que os processos hidrossedimentares (p.e. ação da Corrente do Brasil e Corrente de Contorno Intermediária junto ao fundo), o fluxo vertical de matéria orgânica particulada e concentração de fitopigmentos no sedimento são fatores controladores das condições tróficas no ambiente e estão relacionados às feições de mesoescala (meandros e vórtices de Cabo Frio, Cabo de São Tomé e Vitória), determinando, assim, variações na microfauna de foraminíferos bentônicos vivos na Bacia de Campos. / The present study comprises the analysis of the distribution of living benthic foraminifera on the continental slope of Campos Basin and Plateau of São Paulo (400-3000 m water depth) in order to understand the environmental processes determining this distribution. Sedimentological, geochemical and microfaunal data indicated the existence of three groups in the study area. Group I includes samples from the upper and middle slope (400-1300 m water depth) and is characterized by high values of benthic foraminifera density, total organic carbon, phytopigment concentration, biomass of bacteria, lower values of sortable silt and calcium carbonate content, and the presence of species such as Globocassidulina subglobosa, Reophax scorpiurus, Reophax subfusiformis, Reophax spiculotestus and Epistominella exigua. Group II, consisting of samples of the lower slope and Plateau of São Paulo (1900-3000 m water depth), is characterized by lower densities of benthic foraminifera, total organic carbon, phytopigment concentration, biomass of bacteria, higher values of sortable silt and calcium carbonate content, and the presence of species such as Saccorhiza ramosa, Rhizammina algaeformis, Karrerulina sp2. and Hyperammina rugosa. Group III (1900-3000 m water depth) differs from group II due to the presence of Glomospira gordialis, Pyrgoella irregularis and Reophax helenae. Hydro-sedimentary processes (e.g. action of the Brazil Current and Intermediate Western Boundary Current), the particulate organic matter flux and phytopigment concentration in the sediment are factors controlling the trophic conditions in the environment, and are related to features of mesoscale (meanders and Cabo Frio, Cabo de São Tomé and Vitória eddies), thereby determining changes in living benthic foraminifera in Campos Basin.

O presente estudo compreende a análise de distribuição dos foraminíferos bentônicos vivos no talude continental da Bacia de Campos e Platô de São Paulo (entre 400 e 3000 m de profundidade), buscando entender os processos condicionantes dessa distribuição. Dados sedimentológicos, geoquímicos e microfaunísticos permitiram identificar três grupos na área de estudo. O grupo I inclui amostras do talude superior, médio e inferior (400-1300 m de profundidade), e é caracterizado por valores maiores de densidade de foraminíferos bentônicos, carbono orgânico total, concentração de fitopigmentos, biomassa de bactérias, menores valores de sortable silt e de conteúdo de carbonato de cálcio, e pela presença de espécies como Globocassidulina subglobosa, Reophax scorpiurus, Reophax subfusiformis, Reophax spiculotestus e Epistominella exigua. O grupo II, constituído de amostras do talude inferior e Platô de São Paulo (1900-3000 m de profundidade), é caracterizado por menores densidades de foraminíferos bentônicos, carbono orgânico total, concentração de fitopigmentos, biomassa de bactérias, maiores valores de sortable silt e de conteúdo de carbonato de cálcio, e pela presença de espécies como Saccorhiza ramosa, Rhizammina algaeformis, Karrerulina sp2. e Hyperammina rugosa. O grupo III (1900-3000 m de profundidade) diferencia-se do grupo II pela presença da Glomospira gordialis, Pyrgoella irregularis e Reophax helenae. Constatou-se que os processos hidrossedimentares (p.e. ação da Corrente do Brasil e Corrente de Contorno Intermediária junto ao fundo), o fluxo vertical de matéria orgânica particulada e concentração de fitopigmentos no sedimento são fatores controladores das condições tróficas no ambiente e estão relacionados às feições de mesoescala (meandros e vórtices de Cabo Frio, Cabo de São Tomé e Vitória), determinando, assim, variações na microfauna de foraminíferos bentônicos vivos na Bacia de Campos. / The present study comprises the analysis of the distribution of living benthic foraminifera on the continental slope of Campos Basin and Plateau of São Paulo (400-3000 m water depth) in order to understand the environmental processes determining this distribution. Sedimentological, geochemical and microfaunal data indicated the existence of three groups in the study area. Group I includes samples from the upper and middle slope (400-1300 m water depth) and is characterized by high values of benthic foraminifera density, total organic carbon, phytopigment concentration, biomass of bacteria, lower values of sortable silt and calcium carbonate content, and the presence of species such as Globocassidulina subglobosa, Reophax scorpiurus, Reophax subfusiformis, Reophax spiculotestus and Epistominella exigua. Group II, consisting of samples of the lower slope and Plateau of São Paulo (1900-3000 m water depth), is characterized by lower densities of benthic foraminifera, total organic carbon, phytopigment concentration, biomass of bacteria, higher values of sortable silt and calcium carbonate content, and the presence of species such as Saccorhiza ramosa, Rhizammina algaeformis, Karrerulina sp2. and Hyperammina rugosa. Group III (1900-3000 m water depth) differs from group II due to the presence of Glomospira gordialis, Pyrgoella irregularis and Reophax helenae. Hydro-sedimentary processes (e.g. action of the Brazil Current and Intermediate Western Boundary Current), the particulate organic matter flux and phytopigment concentration in the sediment are factors controlling the trophic conditions in the environment, and are related to features of mesoscale (meanders and Cabo Frio, Cabo de São Tomé and Vitória eddies), thereby determining changes in living benthic foraminifera in Campos Basin.

The Station Creek Igneous Complex (SCIC) is one of the largest Middle-Late Triassic plutonic bodies in the northern New England Orogen of Eastern Australia. The igneous complex comprises of five plutons - the Woonga Granodiorite (237 Ma), Woolooga Granodiorite (234 Ma), Rush Creek Granodiorites (231 Ma) and Gibraltar Quartz Monzodiorite and Mount Mucki Diorite (227 Ma respectively), emplaced as high-level or epizonal bodies within the Devonian-Carboniferous subduction complex that resulted from a westward subduction along the east Australian margin. Composition of the SCIC ranges from monzogabbro to monzogranite, and includes diorite, monzodiorite, quartz monzodiorite and granodiorite. The SCIC has the typical I-type granitoid mineralogy, geochemistry and isotopic compositions. Its geochemistry is characteristics of continental arc magma, and has a depleted-upper mantle signature with up to 14 wt% supracrustal components (87Sr/86Srinitial = 0.70312 to 0.70391; Nd = +1.35 to +4.9; high CaO, Sr, MgO; and low Ni, Cr, Ba, Rb, Zr, Nb, Ga and Y). The SCIC (SiO2 47%-76%) has similar Nd and Sr isotopic values to island-arc and continentalised island-arc basalts, which suggests major involvement of upper mantle sourced melts in its petrogenesis. SCIC comprises of two geochemical groups - the Woolooga-Rush Greek Granodiorite group (W-RC) and the Mount Mucki Diorite-Gibraltar Quartz Monzodiorite group (MMD-GQM). The W-RC Group is high-potassium, calc-alkalic and metaluminous, whereas the MMD-GQM Group is medium to high potassium, transitional calc-alkalic to tholeiitic and metaluminous. The two geochemical groups of the SCIC magmas are generated from at least two distinct sources - an isotopically evolved Neoproterozoic mantle-derived source with greater supracrustal component (10-14 wt%), and an isotopically primitive mafic source with upper mantle affinity. Petrogenetic modeling using both major and trace elements established that the variations within respective geochemical group resulted from fractional crystallisation of clinopyroxene, amphibole and plagioclase from mafic magma, and late fractionation of alkalic and albitic plagioclase in the more evolved magma. Volcanic rocks associated with SCIC are the North Arm Volcanics (232 Ma), and the Neara Volcanics (241-242 Ma) of the Toogoolawah Group. The major and trace element geochemistry of the North Arm Volcanics is similar to the SCIC, suggesting possible co-magmatic relationship between the SCIC and the volcanic rock. The age of the North Arm Volcanics matches the age of the fractionated Rush Creek Granodiorite, and xenoliths of the pluton are found within epiclastic flows of the volcanic unit. The Neara Volcanics (87Sr/86Sr= 0.70152-0.70330, 143Nd/144Nd = 0.51253-0.51259) differs isotopically from the SCIC, indicating a source region within the HIMU mantle reservoir (commonly associated with contaminated upper mantle by altered oceanic crust). The Neara Volcanics is not co-magmatic to the SCIC and is derived from partial melting upper-mantle with additional components from the subducting oceanic plate. The high levels emplacement of an isotopically primitive mantle-derived magma of the SCIC suggest periods of extension during the waning stage of convergence associated with the Hunter Bowen Orogeny in the northern New England Orogen. The geochemical change between 237 to 227 Ma from a depleted-mantle source with diminishing crustal components, to depleted-mantle fractionate, reflects a fundamental change in the source region that can be related to the tectonic styles. The decreasing amount of supracrustal component suggests either thinning of the subduction complex due to crustal attenuation, leading to the late Triassic extension that enables mantle melts to reach subcrustal levels.