Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-101).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1974. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Div.)--St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary, 2004. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-69).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, May 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

In Canada, women with disabilities are an understudied group when it comes to sexual and reproductive health. Specifically, there is no clarity about women living with disabilities’ knowledge of and experience with contraception in Canada. Contraception refers to methods used to prevent pregnancy. Research has shown that the rate of adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes is higher among youth with disabilities, a group comprising approximately 1 in 7 Canadian over 15 years of age. This study aimed to understand better adolescent and young adult women (13-26 years of age) with disabilities’ knowledge of and experiences with contraception in Ontario by launching an online survey and conducting semi-structured interviews. The findings show that revisions to service models and healthcare attitudes towards sexually active women with disabilities are necessary. This study recommends that sexual education be revised to include people with disabilities, people of different sexual orientations, and equality between men and women’s reproductive responsibility

Introduction This was a secondary data analysis of a prospective cohort of women enrolled in a phase III microbicide trial between October 2005 and August 2008. The study aimed to assess the pregnancy incidence rates and factors associated with pregnancy in women using barrier method and hormonal contraception, enrolled in the trial. Methods A total of 2508 participants were enrolled in the trial and followed up for up to 12 months. Of these 2437 were included in the pregnancy incidence analysis and 2171 participants were included in the multivariate analysis. Data on the main exposure, contraception, were collected by structured interview. The main outcome of interest was pregnancy, which was measured by detection of human chorionic gonadotrophin in urine using Quick Vue® test and confirmed by laboratory based testing. The incidence rate of pregnancy was calculated as number of pregnancies per 100 women years of follow up. Kaplan Meier Survival analysis was used to determine average time to first pregnancy. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using Cox regression models to asses the factors associated with incident pregnancies. Data was analysed using Stata® version 10. Results A total of 2248 women years of follow up were recorded. A total of 238 pregnancies occurred resulting in pregnancy incidence of 11 per 100 women-years of follow up (95% CI: 9.32 to 12.02). The incidence of pregnancy increased with time in the study; 98 per 100 women years of follow up (95% CI: 85.09 to 112.35) in the last 3 months compared to 2 per 100 women-years of follow up (95% CI: 0.94 to 2.92) in the first 3 months of follow up. Older age and hormonal contraception use were significantly associated with a decreased risk of pregnancy. Women 35 years and older were 49% less likely to fall pregnant compared to those who were younger than 25 years, adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 0.51(95% CI: 0.30 to 0.88, p=0.016). Women who used hormonal contraception had a reduced risk of falling pregnant AHR 0.66(95% CI: 0.46 to 0.94, p=0.02). There was no difference between the two types of hormonal contraception (injectable vs oral) with respect to pregnancy risk. Conclusion: The incidence of pregnancy increased with time in the study. Women who used hormonal contraception and who were older were less at risk of pregnancy. There was no significant difference in pregnancy risk by type of hormonal contraception (i.e. oral contraception vs injectable contraception) used.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in the branch of Psychiatry Johannesburg, 11 December 2018 / Background: Women with mental illness are at increased risk of unplanned pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes for themselves and their offspring. Aim: This study described patterns of contraceptive use, family planning education and contraceptive preferences in female mental health care users of childbearing age at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH), Soweto. The study also aimed to determine associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and contraceptive choices and to assess perceived barriers to contraception. Methods: A convenience sample of 190 women aged 18-49 were recruited from outpatients and inpatients. A structured interview using a questionnaire was administered and diagnosis and treatment were obtained from patients’ files. Results: Consistent contraceptive use was 44.7%. Total contraceptive use was 60%. Family planning education had been done with 26.8% of participants. The commonest reason for not using contraception was not being in a relationship (21.6%). The commonest form of contraception was the male condom and 28.9% participants used barrier methods of contraception. Family planning education (p=0.87) and teratogen use (p=0.56) were not associated with contraceptive utilisation. Positive associations were found between contraceptive use and depression (p=0.0068); and between employment and family planning education (p=0.015) Conclusion: Despite contraceptive use being similar to that of the general South African population, there were low levels of family planning education. Participants may be at risk of teratogen exposure during pregnancy. They may also be at risk of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections due to inconsistent contraceptive use and low rates of barrier contraception use. / E.K. 2019

A majority of adolescents and young adults report inconsistent use of safe sexual behaviors and contraception methods due to a variety of influencing factors. These practices can lead to limited future reproductive choices and can spread communicable disease in the population. The purpose of this study was to determine if a woman's decision to use a specific type of contraceptive method is influenced by her partner's attitude toward preventive sexual health practices. A secondary purpose was to analyze women's attitudes towards safe sex and contraceptive practices as independent entities of disease and pregnancy in the reproductive cycle. A literature review was conducted from the following databases: CINAHL, ERIC, Medline, and PsycInfo. Initial search criteria terms included contraception, male partner, influence, decision-making, intimacy, and relationship. Results were limited to scholarly journals/peer reviewed articles published no earlier than 1996. Overall, findings were inconclusive if a relationship exists between women's choice of contraceptive method and their partner's attitude towards safe sex and preventative health practices. In conclusion, further research analyzing intimate partner relationships and their influence on sexual health practices can provide insight into creating a plan of preventative care tailored to each individual.

The purpose of this study Has to determine attitudes toward the oral contraceptive as related to religious, regional, educational, age, sex, and marital status. The instrument utilized was a 30 item summated scale which was completed by 240 high school and college students from the Intermountain and Great Plains regions. The findings indicated a very large range or opinion regarding the pill. Attitudes were found to be related to religion, region, educational attainment, and marital status. Age and sex were not related to attitudes toward the pi11.

This thesis is concerned with the multi-sited construction of meanings associated with the use of Extended Cycle Oral Contraception (ECOC), a practice that results in the extended or continual suppression of menstruation. In particular it centres on the public debates surrounding the United States of America Food and Drug Administration approval of the first ECOC called Seasonale in 2003. Rather than framing ECOC as simply a forward trajectory of biomedical technologies, or as a medical 'take-over' of another aspect of women's bodies, it examines the ways in which the significances of ECOC are negotiated through discursive practices within and across fields. This thesis is primarily concerned with reviewing the sociological concept of 'medicalisation' in such a context. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Social Sciences, 2007.