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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Outil d'évaluation de la musculature du tronc par IRM: application à l'étude de la posture et à l'étude des lésions musculaires secondaires à la chirurgie

Gille, Olivier 11 1900 (has links) (PDF)
Nous avons essayé dans ce travail d'approfondir les connaissances sur les muscles du tronc et leurs interactions avec les paramètres pelviens dans l'équilibre de la colonne vertébrale en utilisant un outil d'évaluation de la musculature du tronc par imagerie par résonance magnétique développé au LBM. Cet outil permet sur des coupes axiales d'IRM de mesurer l'aire de la section d'un muscle, l'aire de sa composante contractile et l'aire de sa composante non contractile. Cet outil a été appliqué à l'étude de la posture et à l'étude des lésions musculaires iatrogènes suite à une chirurgie lombaire par voie postérieure. Quatre articles ont été rédigés. Le premier article nous a permis de valider cet outil en étudiant chez 30 sujets volontaires la reproductibilité des mesures. Le deuxième analyse chez 20 patients opérés d'une arthrodèse lombaire les lésions musculaires induites par la chirurgie et l'intérêt de la curarisation lors de l'anesthésie. Le troisième étudie les changements à l'IRM des muscles erector spinae secondaires à une chirurgie lombaire. Le quatrième étudie la corrélation entre la posture et les muscles.
32

Neuromuscular markers of high performance sport preparation : muscle contractile mechanics

Macgregor, Lewis James January 2016 (has links)
Assessments of skeletal muscle functional capacity or bilateral muscular asymmetry often necessitate maximal contractile effort, which exacerbates muscle fatigue or injury. Tensiomyography (TMG) has been investigated in laboratory settings, as a means to assess muscle contractile function following fatigue; however observations have not been contextualised by concurrent physiological measures. TMG has more sparingly been applied in the field, with elite athletes. The aim of this thesis was to examine acute alterations and underlying variations in muscle contractile mechanics, through the application of TMG, contextualised with established physiological measures; and to apply TMG within high performance sports programmes. TMG successfully detected fatigue, evident from reduced strength, by displaying impaired muscle displacement, accompanied by elevated resting muscle tension. Greater asymmetry was detected in individuals with asymmetric strength; however, symmetry was masked during more complex tasks. Increased day-to-day variability was detected among highly trained athletes compared to recreationally active individuals. Acute training adaptations were detected, in contractile mechanics, in individual muscles. TMG could be useful in establishing fatigue status of skeletal muscle without exacerbating the functional decrements of the muscle, whilst also providing useful screening information for detecting asymmetry which may not be apparent during functional actions.
33

Regional Localization and Abundance of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptors in Guinea Pig Heart

Chang, Yingzi, Stover, Sharon R., Hoover, Donald B. 01 January 2001 (has links)
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neurotransmitter that is released within the heart during myocardial ischemia. The present study was done to determine the regional localization and abundance of CGRP receptors in the guinea pig heart. CGRP binding sites in 20 μm frozen sections of heart were labeled using [125I]CGRP. Non-specific binding was determined in the presence of 1 μM unlabeled CGRP or CGRP8-37. Significant amounts of specific CGRP binding were identified in atrial and ventricular myocardium, all portions of the conducting system, coronary arteries, the aorta and pulmonary trunk and intracardiac ganglia. Specific binding of CGRP to the left atrium was two-fold higher than binding to the right atrium (0.667±0.052 v 0.340 ± 0.029 fmol/mg tissue, n = 5, CGRPs8-37 group). In contrast to the atria, a lower and uniform density of CGRP receptors occurred in contractile tissue of the ventricular myocardium (e.g. 0.239 ± 0.013 fmol/mg left ventricle, n = 5). The highest concentration of CGRP receptors in guinea pig cardiac tissue occurred at the bundle of His and the bundle branches (0.752 ± 0.087 and 0.71.3 ± 0.138 fmol/mg tissue, respectively, n = 5). CGRP receptors were localized to coronary vessels throughout the heart and to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk. Lastly, intracardiac ganglia exhibited moderate levels of specific [125I]CGRP binding (0.475 ± 0.043 fmol/mg, n = 5). These findings support the concept that CGRP can have direct effects on atrial and ventricular function as well as coronary flow. The high density of CGRP receptors in the distal conducting system and the presence of CGRP receptors in intracardiac ganglia further suggest that CGRP could have important effects on cardiac conduction velocity and parasympathetic regulation of the heart.
34

Verification of the senescence-accelerated mouse as a model of aging-related physical performance decline and beneficial effects of catechins on physical performance / 老化に伴う運動機能低下モデルとしての老化促進マウスの有用性、及びカテキンの運動機能維持作用

Haramizu, Satoshi 25 November 2014 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(農学) / 乙第12877号 / 論農博第2804号 / 新制||農||1028(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H26||N4876(農学部図書室) / 31595 / (主査)教授 伏木 亨, 教授 保川 清, 教授 安達 修二 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DGAM
35

Genetic Analysis Of Rhoa Signaling During Epithelial Morphogenesis In Drosophila

Leppert, Amanda Fitch 01 January 2004 (has links)
Epithelial morphogenesis is contingent upon cell shape changes. Cell shape changes are the driving force for the metamorphosis of the adult Drosophila leg from the leg imaginal disc precursor. Genetic analysis has identified several Drosophila genes involved in regulating cell shape changes during leg disc morphogenesis. These include members of the RhoA signaling pathway and the product of the Stubble-stubbloid (Sb-sbd) locus, a transmembrane serine protease. Mutations in the Sb-sbd gene interact genetically with the members of the RhoA signaling pathway, however the nature of the relationship between Sb-sbd serine protease activity and RhoA signaling is not understood. To identify additional components of the RhoA signaling pathway that may help us to understand the role of the Sb-sbd protease in RhoA signaling the Drosophila genome was systematically scanned for genes that interact with Sb-sbd and RhoA mutations using deletions/deficiencies of specified regions of each chromosome. A total of 201 deficiencies uncovering approximately 84.9-91% of the euchromatic genome and spanning the X, second, and third chromosoms were tested. Of the 201 deficiencies tested, five putative interacting genetic regions and one gene within these deficiencies were identified. The candidate gene Eip78C encodes a nuclear steroid hormone receptor previously identified as having an important role in metamorphosis.
36

Regulation of Contractile-Ring and Spindle-Pole-Body Assembly in Fission Yeast

Lee, I-Ju January 2013 (has links)
No description available.
37

Regulation of Cardiac Contraction in Health and Disease: Studies from Animal Models to Humans

Milani-Nejad, Nima 15 September 2014 (has links)
No description available.
38

Correlation of bone strain and muscle function in the hindlimb of the river cooter turtle (<i>Pseudemys concinna</i>)

Aiello, Brett R. 02 July 2012 (has links)
No description available.
39

Séquestration ionique et vacuolisation cellulaire : étude des mécanismes et des répercussions physiologiques et pharmacologiques

Morissette, Guillaume 13 April 2018 (has links)
La vacuolisation cellulaire induite par les médicaments cationiques est une cytopathologie qui transcende les classes pharmacologiques. Quoiqu'elle ait été largement rapportée in vitro à des concentrations suprathérapeutiques, plusieurs observations permettent de la soupçonner dans des contextes cliniques. De nombreuses questions entourant l'origine, les mécanismes et les conséquences de la cytopathologie vacuolaire restaient à être résolues. Cette thèse a permis dans un premier temps de modéliser la vacuolisation cellulaire en démontrant que les vacuoles: 1- se développent suite à une séquestration importante d'amine par un mécanisme de pseudo-transport dépendant de la Vacuolaire-Adénosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase); 2- possèdent sans doute de multiples origines intracellulaires dont le trans-Golgi; 3- évoluent vers la macroautophagie. Nos expériences de modélisation ont également établi les conséquences cellulaires (arrêt de l'endocytose et de la voie sécrétoire, arrêt de la mitose, la phospholipidose, etc.) et pharmacologiques (distorsions dans la puissance et la durée d'action des médicaments) de la séquestration ionique et la vacuolisation qui en découle. Finalement, les connaissances recueillies lors de la modélisation de cette cytopathologie ont été appliquées à différentes classes de molécules utilisées cliniquement (agonistes oadrénergiques, antihistaminiques, cosmétiques, antiarythmiques) afin d'évaluer l'implication de la séquestration cationique dans différentes réactions pathologiques (vacuolisation et toxicité tissulaire, corps lamellaires intracellulaires, épaississement de l'épiderme, hyperpigmentation cutanée, etc.). Ainsi, même si la cytopathologie vacuolaire n'est que peu connue du corps médical et des chercheurs en général, elle peut expliquer certains effets secondaires induits par les médicaments cationiques.
40

Characterizing cortical myosin mini-filament regulation, length and its macroscopic implications in cytokinetic dynamics

Patino Descovich, Carlos 09 1900 (has links)
No description available.

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