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A strategy to promote nurses' health research contribution in South Africa / Emmerentia du PlessisDu Plessis, Emmerentia January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. (Nursing))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
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A Research on Legal System of Retirement of Civil Officerhung, Li 05 August 2007 (has links)
Seen from the viewpoints of politics and administration, the retirement system of
civil servant is related to the overall planning and flexible utilization of human
resource, the improvement of national competitiveness and the collocation of financial
resource of a country; seen from the viewpoint of economy, the prosperity or
depression of national economy closely affects the planning of retirement payment
system; in the aspect of society, as the aged society comes earlier than expected and
the social structure changes, the retirement system of civil servant is related to
whether the living security and social welfare system for the aged people is sound
enough.
Through the proper and reasonable retirement payment, the retirement system of
civil servant is intended, firstly, to motivate the civil servants to be satisfied with the
job and work hard for the public; secondly, to provide a reasonable income for the
civil servants and guarantee their life in the years after retirement; and thirdly, with
the reasonable retirement payment mechanism and the social security mechanism of
the country, to construct a complete social security system network and build a safe
and peaceful society in which all people can make their own livings.
The implementation of the new pension system has really improved the problems
faced in the old public finance-based pension system, and has laid a solid foundation
in stabilizing the source of pension fund and establishing the civil servants' concept of
being prepared to burden their post-retirement life when they are on the job. However,
the current retirement system was designed more than 20 years ago and some tradeoff
or progressive measures were taken for the purpose of reducing the resistance in the
beginning of implementation. As the age and the environment both have changed,
some provisions of the pension system have been behind the time. Therefore, it is
really necessary to research how to manage and operate the retirement system, think
over the problems in the current retirement system of civil servant, and research how
to build a better retirement fund system and balance the retirement benefits of the civil
servants of different generations.
In this thesis, the legal system of retirement of civil servant is the subject of
research and the other related administrative legal provisions are used for explanation,
and the basic theories of administrative law ¡V administrative principles, administrative
organization, administrative authority, administrative remedy, and administrative
supervision, are used as the research methods to review the retirement system of civil
servant in Taiwan.
Through the research it is found that, the average age of Taiwanese people has
been higher and a lot of civil servants choose to retire earlier for they can receive
monthly pension for a long time; this is likely to deteriorate the governmental finance.
How to solve this problem efficiently and reasonably, relieve the accumulation of
retirement cost and avoid it from being transferred to the later generations as a heavy
burden, maintain the existing rights and benefits, provide a reasonable guarantee for
the original expectation of civil servants and distribute the national resources
reasonably? It is necessary for us to think about for planning a reasonable legal
system of retirement.
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noneChen, Hsin-chung 29 July 2004 (has links)
none
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The asset allocation strategies for pension fund management under a defined contribution planHsing, I-Tze 16 June 2000 (has links)
This thesis studies three asset allocation strategies under a defined-contribution pension plan: Buy-and-hold (BH), constant mix (CM), and time-invariant portfolio protection (TIPP).
First in this paper, the actuarial assumptions follow Frees et al (1998), as well as Chang and Lin (1999): the age of the beneficiaries is between 25 to 65 and follows the uniform distribution. As to the investment environment, the portfolio includes a risk-free asset, certificate deposit (CD), and a risky asset--the stock. The interest rate of CD is fixed and the return of stock varies according to 14 scenarios.
Then the concept of an open-ended fund is applied to compute the NAV (Net Asset Value) of three strategies for each month and a model of defined-contribution pension funds was developed. Moreover, this thesis also discussed the relationship between the trends of the stock and the changes of stock weights, as well as the terminal wealth of pension fund and the income-replacement ratio under each asset allocation strategy. The characteristics and timing of each strategy can be investigated clearly.
Finally, the input parameters derived from the data of historical stock market in Taiwan is used to implement Monte Carlo simulation so that the study of the performance of asset allocation strategies can go more close to reality.
The endeavor and results of this thesis will be a useful reference to facilitate both the government and private sector to manage the pension fund.
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The performance of pension fund and asset allocation decisions. To research the benefit of entrusting risky assets to the professional institutions moreover.Chen, Hung-Ching 12 June 2002 (has links)
To establish the pension system is to ensure the life of old men. To compare the other pension systems of main countries, the old-aged economics security should adopt three-pillar system in Taiwan.
This thesis puts emphasis on the empirical study of the importance of Taiwan pension fund asset allocation and attempts to develop a proper process of asset allocation decision as the reference of the pension fund sponsors when they are dealing with this task.
The process of asset allocation decision could be divided into two parts: forming the efficient frontier and selecting the optimal asset allocation. This research suggests the readers to use quadratic programming techniques, which is introduced by Markowitz in 1956, to calculate the efficient frontier. With the changes in the financial situation and the coming of new information, pension fund sponsors should re-perform the process of asset allocation decision periodically to obtain the updated optimal asset allocation.
The result of putting restrictions on the ratio of investment items is that the limited portfolio will reduce the utility and return relatively. As for raising the ratio of current assets, the standard doesn¡¦t increase obviously. To impress that pension fund should be in accordance with its need and object to keep appropriate current assets. Furthermore, pension fund sponsors should raise the weight of stocks and bonds to improve the performance.
Pension fund sponsors who entrust risky assets to the professional institutions to manage will enhance the performance of investing, but we can¡¦t obtain the data of risk. In the future, the performance should be measured continually and join the risk to analyze.
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An assessment : defined contribution funds and retirement / by Francis BekkerBekker, Francis January 2003 (has links)
Dramatic changes in medical science and a general improvement in living
standards has led to significant reduction in the morality rate of certain age
groups in South Africa. As a result the average age at which people are likely to
die increased significantly in the 2oth century.
The implications of this has not only to increase the number of people who
survive to retirement age, but it has also seen larger numbers of people live for
much longer periods in retirement.
Opposite to the above, is the HIVIAids pandemic, which will increase the
mortality rates of individuals at a younger age and undoubtedly affect pension
plans and the costs thereof. The effect of all these changes have been the
ultimate cost of providing a given pension benefit.
At first the paper examines the trend in retirement saving away from Defined
Benefit (DB) towards Define Contribution (DC) funds. It looks at the reasons why
this shift has occurred in South Africa, and provided confirmation of the
retirement savings plans away from DB structures and towards DC type of plans
in South Africa.
Secondly the paper briefly looks at the operation of DC plans in South Africa. The
potential consequences of the shift are then reviewed in the context of roleplayers
in the retirement savings decision and personal involvement in retirement
planning process.
Upon completion of the literature study, a model was developed in which data
from DC funds were used to make projections regarding the sufficiency and
adequacy of funding within DC funds.
This study has proved that the shift from DB to DC funds had an enormous
impact on provision for retirement. It was found that a significant part of the
population will not be independent at retirement and therefore might potentially
became a responsibility of the state.
The paper suggests that the level of personal involvement in the retirement
savings decision may be a critical factor in determining the propensity of an
individual to save for retirement. As a result research is proposed to consider the
importance of the three elements in the involvement of the individual in the
retirement savings decision: the perceived ownership of retirement savings, the
awareness of the need to save for retirement and the understanding of how to
save for retirement. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Empowerment as a tool for increasing followers contribution and dedication : - A qualitative study about what motivates followersBlazevic, Josip, Christensen, Charlotte, Eriksson, Therese January 2015 (has links)
Background: Empowerment is a leadership style where the leader gives away power and therefore provides freedom to the follower to successfully do what they want to do instead of what the leader want them to do (Whetten & Cameron, 2014). It is said that leader often fail when they have the incapability to motivate and manage their followers. Purpose: This thesis tend to examine what motives followers in order to locate if empowerment is a potential leadership style that can increase follower’s dedication and contribution within their workplace. . Method: This research contains of a qualitative study with direct questions with an influence of open ended questions in order to capture the respondent’s personal opinions. The authors uses an abductive reasoning with an interpretivism philosophy as well with an exploratory approach. Conclusion: The author’s conclusion is that the respondents of the research were not aware of the leadership style empowerment. However, all respondents had a positive attitude to the description of empowerment. This could show an indication that there is always a search for new leadership styles and empowerment is a style that could help followers to improve their contribution and dedication at their workplace.
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An assessment : defined contribution funds and retirement / by Francis BekkerBekker, Francis January 2003 (has links)
Dramatic changes in medical science and a general improvement in living
standards has led to significant reduction in the morality rate of certain age
groups in South Africa. As a result the average age at which people are likely to
die increased significantly in the 2oth century.
The implications of this has not only to increase the number of people who
survive to retirement age, but it has also seen larger numbers of people live for
much longer periods in retirement.
Opposite to the above, is the HIVIAids pandemic, which will increase the
mortality rates of individuals at a younger age and undoubtedly affect pension
plans and the costs thereof. The effect of all these changes have been the
ultimate cost of providing a given pension benefit.
At first the paper examines the trend in retirement saving away from Defined
Benefit (DB) towards Define Contribution (DC) funds. It looks at the reasons why
this shift has occurred in South Africa, and provided confirmation of the
retirement savings plans away from DB structures and towards DC type of plans
in South Africa.
Secondly the paper briefly looks at the operation of DC plans in South Africa. The
potential consequences of the shift are then reviewed in the context of roleplayers
in the retirement savings decision and personal involvement in retirement
planning process.
Upon completion of the literature study, a model was developed in which data
from DC funds were used to make projections regarding the sufficiency and
adequacy of funding within DC funds.
This study has proved that the shift from DB to DC funds had an enormous
impact on provision for retirement. It was found that a significant part of the
population will not be independent at retirement and therefore might potentially
became a responsibility of the state.
The paper suggests that the level of personal involvement in the retirement
savings decision may be a critical factor in determining the propensity of an
individual to save for retirement. As a result research is proposed to consider the
importance of the three elements in the involvement of the individual in the
retirement savings decision: the perceived ownership of retirement savings, the
awareness of the need to save for retirement and the understanding of how to
save for retirement. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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A strategy to promote nurses' health research contribution in South Africa / Emmerentia du PlessisDu Plessis, Emmerentia January 2006 (has links)
Professionals in the medical field often question the value and contribution
nurses make through research. To counteract these perceptions, to create
awareness of nurses of their role in contributing to the body of knowledge of
nursing and to improve the implementation of research findings, it is important
to design and implement a strategy for the promotion of all aspects of
research by nurses.
This research intended to describe and explore the contribution of research by
nurses in South Africa. This was done by exploring perceptions of
stakeholders, as well as analysing the nature of research by nurses listed in
the Nexus database and published articles. This information was used to
explore and describe a strategy to promote nurses' research contribution, and
to explore the feasibility of this strategy in the Southern District of the North
West Province.
An explorative and descriptive, qualitative and quantitative design was
employed in this research. A literature study preceded the execution of the
research. The research was conducted in three phases. The first phase
consisted of a Delphi study, which resulted in the formulation of a proposed
strategy. In a follow-up phase, eleven focus group interviews were conducted
with groups in the Southern District of the North West Province to verify the
proposed strategy and to explore the feasibility of the strategy. During the last
phase a profile of research conducted by nurses in South Africa was
composed .
Information gathered through all the phases of the research revealed similar
results about important aspects of research by nurses. This contributed mainly
to the development of a strategy to promote nurses' research. This strategy
was verified and refined and is recommended for implementation in the
Southern District of the North West Province, with the intention to evaluate the
impact of the strategy for refinement and wider application. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Nursing))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
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A strategy to promote nurses' health research contribution in South Africa / Emmerentia du PlessisDu Plessis, Emmerentia January 2006 (has links)
Professionals in the medical field often question the value and contribution
nurses make through research. To counteract these perceptions, to create
awareness of nurses of their role in contributing to the body of knowledge of
nursing and to improve the implementation of research findings, it is important
to design and implement a strategy for the promotion of all aspects of
research by nurses.
This research intended to describe and explore the contribution of research by
nurses in South Africa. This was done by exploring perceptions of
stakeholders, as well as analysing the nature of research by nurses listed in
the Nexus database and published articles. This information was used to
explore and describe a strategy to promote nurses' research contribution, and
to explore the feasibility of this strategy in the Southern District of the North
West Province.
An explorative and descriptive, qualitative and quantitative design was
employed in this research. A literature study preceded the execution of the
research. The research was conducted in three phases. The first phase
consisted of a Delphi study, which resulted in the formulation of a proposed
strategy. In a follow-up phase, eleven focus group interviews were conducted
with groups in the Southern District of the North West Province to verify the
proposed strategy and to explore the feasibility of the strategy. During the last
phase a profile of research conducted by nurses in South Africa was
composed .
Information gathered through all the phases of the research revealed similar
results about important aspects of research by nurses. This contributed mainly
to the development of a strategy to promote nurses' research. This strategy
was verified and refined and is recommended for implementation in the
Southern District of the North West Province, with the intention to evaluate the
impact of the strategy for refinement and wider application. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Nursing))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
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