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DimensÃes de inovaÃÃes organizacionais e sociais no processo de certificaÃÃo fair trade: o caso da casa Apis / Dimensions of organizational and social innovations in the process of certified fair trade: the case of Apis houseJohnny Herberthy Martins Ferreira 03 August 2012 (has links)
FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / A exclusÃo de pequenos produtores do mercado global caracteriza-se como um dos principais obstÃculos para o desenvolvimento da parte da sociedade menos favorecidas. Com isso, pequenos produtores, associados em cooperativas, estÃo buscando novos mercados e promovendo a inserÃÃo dos produtos provenientes da agricultura familiar no mercado internacional atravÃs do fair trade (comÃrcio justo). Para tanto, o desenvolvimento de inovaÃÃes organizacionais e sociais tornam-se uma alternativa para suplantar parte deste desafio. Desta forma, o objetivo geral deste estudo à o de analisar as dimensÃes de inovaÃÃes organizacionais e sociais no processo de certificaÃÃo fair trade em uma central de cooperativas apÃcolas do nordeste brasileiro. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa foi realizada por meio de um estudo de caso junto a uma Central de Cooperativas ApÃcolas do SemiÃrido Brasileiro - Casa Apis - constituÃda por oito cooperativas associadas. O referencial teÃrico discorre sobre inovaÃÃes organizacionais, inovaÃÃes sociais e certificaÃÃo fair trade. Os dados primÃrios foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de anotaÃÃes no diÃrio de campo. Jà os dados secundÃrios foram coletados via documentos, artigos, dissertaÃÃes e web sites. A anÃlise dos dados foi feita de acordo com o referencial teÃrico do presente estudo e com a utilizaÃÃo da tÃcnica de anÃlise de conteÃdo (BARDIN, 1995) e a triangulaÃÃo de diferentes fontes de evidÃncias (YIN, 2005). Os resultados tiveram como base as exigÃncias da FLO (Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International) no processo de certificaÃÃo fair trade e evidenciaram as dimensÃes de inovaÃÃo organizacional descritas nas vertentes de Lam (2004) e as dimensÃes de inovaÃÃo social descritas no modelo desenvolvido pelo CRISES (Centre de Recherche sur les innovations Sociales) do CanadÃ. As dimensÃes para anÃlise da inovaÃÃo organizacional foram a "estrutura organizacional", "o processo de aprendizagem e de criaÃÃo de conhecimento" e "mudanÃas organizacionais e adaptaÃÃo". Em relaÃÃo a inovaÃÃo social, as dimensÃes analisadas foram as inovaÃÃes sociais "territoriais", as inovaÃÃes sociais nas "relaÃÃes de trabalho e na geraÃÃo de emprego" e as inovaÃÃes sociais nas "condiÃÃes de vida". A baixa formalizaÃÃo documental das cooperativas, produtores com pouco conhecimento sobre fair trade, descumprimento de normas estatutÃrias e pouco recurso financeiro foram alguns dos obstÃculos e barreiras identificados no processo de certificaÃÃo fair trade. Dentre alguns dos aspectos identificados na anÃlise das dimensÃes da inovaÃÃo organizacional sÃo destaques: a organizaÃÃo da base produtiva, a parceria de diversas instituiÃÃes de apoio e o desenvolvimento do processo para exportaÃÃo do mel fair trade. O mel fair trade com um preÃo mÃnimo com garantia de um preÃo justo aos apicultores, o prÃmio fair trade e as redes de apoio foram os aspectos mais relatados nas dimensÃes da inovaÃÃo social. / The exclusion of small producers in the global market is characterized as a major obstacle to the development of the underprivileged section of society. As a result, small producers, associated in cooperatives are seeking new markets and promoting the inclusion of products from family agricultural in the international market through fair trade (fair trade). Therefore, the development of social and organizational innovations become part of an alternative to overcome this challenge. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the dimensions of social and organizational innovations in the certification process in a fair trade cooperative central bee in northeastern Brazil. The qualitative research was conducted through a case study along with a Central Cooperative Apicultural the Brazilian Semiarid - Home Apis - consisting of eight member cooperatives. The theoretical discourses on organizational innovations, social innovations and fair trade certification. Primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews and diaries entries field. Since the secondary data were collected via documents, articles, dissertations and web sites. Data analysis was performed according to the theoretical framework of this study and the use of the technique of content analysis (BARDIN, 1995) and triangulation of different sources of evidence (YIN, 2005). The results were based on the requirements of FLO (Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International) on fair trade certification process and showed the dimensions of organizational innovation in the areas described by Lam (2004) and the dimensions of social innovation described in the model developed by CRISES (Centre de Recherche sur les innovations sociales) of Canada. The dimensions for the analysis of organizational innovation were the "organizational structure", "the process of learning and knowledge creation" and "organizational change and adaptation." Regarding social innovation, the dimensions analyzed were the social innovations "territorial", the social innovations in "labor relations and employment generation" and social innovations in "conditions of life". The low formalization documentary cooperatives, producers with little knowledge about fair trade, non-compliance with statutory and little financial resources were some of the obstacles and barriers identified in the fair trade certification process. Among some of the issues identified in the analysis of the dimensions of organizational innovation are featured: the organization of the production base, the partnership of various institutions to support and process development for export of honey fair trade. The fair trade honey with a minimum price guaranteed a fair price to beekeepers, the award fair trade and support networks were the most reported in the dimensions of social innovation.
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