Typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

This study was designed to provide a physical and ecological analysis of paired watersheds in the semi-arid western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) woodlands of Central Oregon. Instrumentation and monitoring was accomplished in Jensen and Mays watersheds as the preliminary portion of a longer term project. Instrumentation was designed to address changes in the erosional processes, hydrology, and vegetation on a watershed scale. Instrumentation was setup to assist in the comparison and calibration of water flow out of the watersheds. This information will be used in the long-term study in conjunction with the treatment of the western juniper overstory on one of the watersheds. Determination of the study area in each watershed required extensive reconnaissance with the assistance of aerial photos, topographic maps, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Mapping of the study areas was accomplished with GIS and Global Positioning Systems (GPS). Watersheds were paired according to specific characteristics that influence treatment effects. Flume types were chosen with respect to precipitation intensity and frequency with placement being more a function of watershed topography and channel morphology. Upland sedimentation and erosion measurement required intense acknowledgement of both abiotic as well as biotic characteristics. Analysis showed the watersheds to be similar in size, percent juniper, grass and bare soil cover, topography, and precipitation frequency and intensity. Differences were obtained relative to erosional processes, area of different soil types and channel discharge. Further monitoring and calibration should provide greater insight into the comparison of these components of the study. / Graduation date: 1996

Thesis (M.A.)--Oregon State University, 1983. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-114). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Graduation date: 1961 / For master (tiff) digital images of maps contained in this document contact scholarsarchive@oregonstate.edu

In the past, people followed the rules or policies by the law or direct administration orders, yet the government should consider how to utilize various ways of communication or channels which people can be easy to understand what these official policies are, and then to achieve the objectives of public propaganda and education in this democratic society nowadays. By doing that, all citizens can not only endeavor to work together with the government but also carry out the future policy purposes. Yunlin County is one of the important agricultural production regions in Taiwan where the irrigated area is up to 123,000 hectares and agricultural water consumption reaches approximate 90 percents of all available water resources in the Choshui River Basin. Moreover, since there is no sufficient surface water supplied, groundwater becomes an another vital resource for every water consumption targets. However, over-extracting groundwater leads to land subsidence which is a permanent damage for our environment. In the recent years, subsidence rate is getting slowing down in Yunlin County, but it is still one of the serious areas of land subsidence in Taiwan, with the maximum subsidence areas and average annual rate of subsidence. After analysis of data from hydrology, physical geography, industries, human culture, land utilization, supply and demand for water resources and land subsidence development, the main problems of land subsidence are listed in the following. 1. Water demand for industries exceeds potential water supply, hence the supplement of water is gradually provided by groundwater. 2. Illegal pumping groundwater becomes widespread and it is quite difficult to punish and control properly. 3. With the aging of employment population, it is not an easy task to counsel and assist in changing their careers. 4. Much concern about further land subsidence due to over-pumping groundwater from deep aquifers continuously. 5. Less achievement of land subsidence prevention has been reached due to lack of manpower and financial budgets. This study will focus on discussing how to integrate public policy with propaganda, knowing which roles volunteers play in policy execution and increasing success rate of policy enforcement through analyzing the past history of water conservancy, orientation, operation system and current management of all relevant water resource volunteer organizations (Yunlin Land Subsidence Prevention Volunteer Service Team is the major example).

In the last century, European Union was established, East and West Germany were unified and governments of various countries are aggressively promoting for the merger of their administrative district, "merger" has become a global development method of enhancing competitive ability. Taiwan is made up of 319 villages, townships and cities. Through technology, information and democratic experiences, there are times of financial difficulties, unbalanced townships and cities, lame self-governing and territory separation. With the global trend of aging population, decreasing birth rate and decentralization, the merger of townships and cities possessed its own righteousness. This research is positioned as the pre-study for the merger of villages, townships and cities. The objectives are: 1. Using Penghu County as an example, there are in-depth interviews and discussion on possible geographic, social and political problems caused by the merger; 2. Foresee the advanced principle and possible ways out for establishing the merging system of the villages, townships and cities to reduce the resistance to the reformation. To achieve the above research objective, we have to in-depth understand about the subjective concept and related variables. In addition, literature and document with aiming at the domestic villages, townships and cities are mostly focused on philosophic theories and self-governing problems, and there are very few documents deeply mentioned about the practical questions for the merger of villages, townships and cities. This research uses important people such as Magistrate, Public Representative, Administrative Staff and Social Group Representative of Penghu County as the research objects. Adn, this study adopts the semi-structural in-depth interview method of qualitative research to study the merge questions. The main discoveries of this research are: 1. City economics scale exists and is very different from remote village and township scale, as well as exists the conflicting interests in efficiency and democratic values between city and remote village and township; 2. In Penghu County, there is a general top down pattern in administrative district merge order and policy drive structure; 3. In Penghu County, the corporation of removing the self-government is the best subsidiary measure to drive the merger of villages, townships and cities; 4. There are generation gaps, and township and city concept differences in the objection to the villages, townships and cities merge; 5. The heads to govern villages, townships and cities is a key factor to financial status. If the city economics scale is shaken, it is not so serious; 6. For domestic villages, townships and cities merge, subsidiary measures and administration used by Japan are studied for reference. Independent merging systems are not suitable for present use. The main suggestions of this research are: 1. Principle and scale size of the merger of villages, townships and cities are not the main goals. Function supplementary is more important. 2. Villages and townships on the offshore islands can request administrative support from the county or city governments to replace merging. 3. There are different villages, townships and cities merging conditions. The legal standard is not too simplified or suitable for use by only one system. 4. Public approval and participation are the driven force of prospect for constructing a city. In addition, promotion of diversified policies, opened and transparent information and establishment of mutual interactive platform are important points. 5. Along with the merger of villages, townships and cities, the level of village and neighborhood should be integrated and re-positioned.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1931. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references. Online version of print original.

Thesis (doctoral)--Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, 1981. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. ix-xl).

Thesis (M. A.)--Southwest Texas State University, 1950. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-82).

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio State University, 1948. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-100). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center