Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ViniciusRVF_DISSERT.pdf: 1173908 bytes, checksum: a2b61719501ca25080e8fdda2db118eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The market-assisted land reform (RAAM) has been constituted as an alternative of agrarian reform funded by the Programa Nacional do Cr?dito Fundi?rio (PNCF). It is a policy of acquisition, distribution and use of Earth ideologically disseminated and funded by the World Bank in the context of productive insertion of landless workers. Accordingly, this study seeks to analyze the trajectory of rural settlements financed by this policy, seeking to understand what factors promote or limit the process of rural development of those settlements. To do so, take as a reference case study of the Assentamento da Fazenda Paz, in the municipality of Maxaranguape in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. From the methodological point of view, bibliographical and documentary research were used, in addition to visits to the settlement and semi-structured interviews with the settlers, trade union leaders, consultants and technicians linked to the project. Assuming the reports of respondents, initially constructs the hypothesis that informal and formal institutions present in the Assentamento da Fazenda Paz were unable to effectively coordinate the actions of the agents. The results obtained showed the existence of a very complex undertaking, with a total area of 607 hectares and 80 families settled, endowed with good quality water and irrigation infrastructure, with assets of approximately R$ 5 million reais. Experience experienced by the settlers understood the development of complex systems of production and marketing of fruits and vegetables, with an emphasis on the cultivation of papaya in an area of 45 hectares based on modern irrigation system and extensive use of technology. Collective management of production, marketing, revenue and costs stood out as a major challenge for the settlers and their representative organisations, i.e. the Community Association and the cooperative. From this observation it was possible to identify two moments on the trajectory of the project: the first, between 2007-2011, considered by respondents as successful, in which the integration of public policies and abundant input of revenue from the commercialization of the fruits da Paz, mainly through the sale of papaya and pineapple in national and international markets, allowed an average remuneration of R$ 800.00 reais to R$ 1,000 reais seated/monthIn addition to the production of vegetables and other types of products for sale and consumption; the second, from 2012, characterized as a failure, due to the discontinuity of the cultivation, production and marketing of fruits based on the collective bargaining model deployed. Important factors explain the discontinuity of the project, including the model of agriculture implemented, difficulties related to the management of production, marketing and finance the venture, in addition to the breach of trust between the Board of the cooperative and the associates and the distancing of the governmental organizations more directly responsible for the project. It is therefore concluded that we must to rethink rural development as a multidimensional phenomenon, requiring a broad engagement between State and society under the foundations of a territorial development contract / A Reforma Agr?ria Assistida de Mercado (RAAM) vem se constituindo como uma alternativa de reforma agr?ria financiada pelo Programa Nacional de Cr?dito Fundi?rio (PNCF). Trata-se de uma pol?tica de aquisi??o, distribui??o e utiliza??o da terra disseminada ideologicamente e financiada pelo Banco Mundial na perspectiva da inser??o produtiva de trabalhadores rurais sem terra. Nesse sentido, este estudo procura analisar a trajet?ria dos assentamentos rurais financiados por esta pol?tica, buscando-se compreender quais os fatores que promovem ou limitam o processo de desenvolvimento rural desses assentamentos. Para tanto, toma-se como refer?ncia um estudo de caso do Assentamento da Fazenda Paz, no munic?pio de Maxaranguape, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Do ponto de vista metodol?gico, foram utilizadas pesquisas bibliogr?fica e documental, al?m de visitas ao assentamento e realiza??o de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os assentados, lideran?as sindicais, consultores e t?cnicos ligados ao projeto. Partindo-se dos relatos dos entrevistados, constr?i-se, inicialmente, a hip?tese de que as institui??es formais e informais presentes no Assentamento da Fazenda Paz n?o foram capazes de coordenar de forma eficaz as a??es dos agentes. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram a exist?ncia de um empreendimento bastante complexo, com uma ?rea total de 607 hectares e 80 fam?lias assentadas, dotado de ?gua de boa qualidade e infraestrutura de irriga??o, com um patrim?nio de aproximadamente R$ 5 milh?es de reais. A experi?ncia vivenciada pelos assentados compreendeu o desenvolvimento de complexos sistemas de produ??o e comercializa??o de frutas e hortali?as, com destaque para a cultura de mam?o numa ?rea de 45 hectares com base em moderno sistema de irriga??o e uso intensivo de tecnologia. A gest?o coletiva da produ??o, da comercializa??o, das receitas e dos custos destacou-se como um grande desafio para os assentados e suas organiza??es representativas, isto ?, a Associa??o Comunit?ria e a Cooperativa. A partir desta constata??o foi poss?vel identificar dois momentos na trajet?ria do Projeto: o primeiro, entre 2007-2011, considerado pelos entrevistados como exitoso, no qual a integra??o de pol?ticas p?blicas e a entrada abundante de receitas provenientes da comercializa??o dos frutos da Paz, principalmente atrav?s da venda do mam?o e do abacaxi nos mercados nacional e internacional, permitiram uma remunera??o m?dia de R$ 800,00 a R$ 1.000,00 por assentado/m?s, al?m da produ??o de hortali?as e de outros tipos de produtos para a venda e o autoconsumo; o segundo, a partir de 2012, caracterizado como um fracasso, em virtude da descontinuidade do cultivo, da produ??o e da comercializa??o de frutas com base no modelo coletivo de trabalho implantado. Importantes fatores explicam a descontinuidade do projeto, dentre os quais, o modelo de agricultura implementado, dificuldades relacionadas ? gest?o da produ??o, da comercializa??o e das finan?as do empreendimento, al?m da quebra de confian?a entre a diretoria da Cooperativa e os associados e o distanciamento das organiza??es governamentais mais diretamente respons?veis pelo Projeto. Conclui-se, portanto, que ? preciso repensar o desenvolvimento rural como um fen?meno multidimensional, demandando um amplo envolvimento entre Estado e sociedade sob as bases de um contrato territorial de desenvolvimento

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:13:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Alberto Di Sabbato.pdf: 611648 bytes, checksum: ebc92e057e25c935a2a536a2adb7d782 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-10 / The thesis has for objective to study the instruments of intervention in the land market used by the Brazilian government in the period 1997-2002, and that were the concession of credit for the purchase of land and the taxation of agricultural land (the ITR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibilities and limitations of these instruments as mechanisms of increasing the access to the land by the rural landless workers as well as by the small farmers endowed with insufficient land. The central question underlying the analysis presented is to what extent such instruments were sufficient to serve effectively as substitutes of the traditional process of agrarian reform, centered on land redistribution. This analysis is based on a bibliographic survey covering the theories of the agricultural land markets and also of the agricultural land taxation, in both cases focusing on the Brazilian case. However, the thesis extends itself also to the experiences of some Latin American countries in what matters the experiences with the new agrarian reform policy tools adopted in Brazil in the period under analysis. The empirical analysis presented in the thesis used extensively the following data sources: 1) the Cadastro de Im?veis Rurais of INCRA, accompanied by the respective Estat?sticas Cadastrais , both of them relative to 1998; 2) the 1995-96 Agricultural Census of IBGE, and, in particular, the special tabulations of this Census generated for the Project of Technical Cooperation INCRA/FAO; 3) consolidated listing of the "C?dula da Terra" Program (PCT) and report on the families benefited by the PCT and Land Bank, both of them provided by the Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA), including, respectively, the periods 1997-2002 , 2000-2004 and 1999-2004; 4) report with tables showing the areas declared of social interest for the purpose of land reform, and report on the farms that were expropriated for the purpose of agrarian reform, both of them provided by INCRA, covering, respectively, the periods 1964-1985 and 1979-2002. The arguments developed in the thesis are based, also, on data on agricultural land prices collected by Getulio Vargas Foundation (covering the period 1982-1998); Statistics on Land Taxes of INCRA, for the periods 1975- 1978 and 1982-1989; Statistics relative to the ITR profile, relative to 1997, furnished by the Secretaria da Receita Federal (SRF); and Statistics on the revenues administered by the SRF, for the period 1990-2001. The study concludes that, contrary to what has been propagated by its defenders, the new agrarian reform instruments, implemented by the country in the period under analysis, were not capable of generating an effective increase in the access to the land by the small producer in Brazil. In addition, the analysis of relevant aspects of the institutional reality of the rural land markets in Brazil indicates that these instruments, at least in the form that they were conceived, would not be capable of promoting a significant change in our agrarian structure. / O trabalho tem por objetivo estudar os instrumentos de interven??o no mercado de terras rurais utilizados no Brasil no per?odo 1997-2002, que s?o o cr?dito fundi?rio e o imposto territorial rural (ITR), com vistas a analisar suas possibilidades e limita??es como mecanismos de amplia??o do acesso ? terra aos trabalhadores rurais sem terra e com terra insuficiente. A quest?o central que est? subjacente ? an?lise realizada ? em que medida tais instrumentos s?o capazes de servir efetivamente de substitutos do processo de reforma agr?ria mediante desapropria??o de terras ociosas. Para a elabora??o do trabalho foi realizado, de um lado, levantamento bibliogr?fico que permitisse dar conta da teoria relativa ao mercado de terras rurais e ? tributa??o da terra agr?cola, assim como dos aspectos hist?ricos e institucionais referentes ? interven??o no mercado de terras rurais de alguns pa?ses latinoamericanos. Al?m disso, foi igualmente considerada a literatura especializada sobre o caso brasileiro, no que diz respeito tanto ao mercado de terras rurais, quanto ao cr?dito fundi?rio e ao ITR. De outro lado, para a an?lise emp?rica pertinente ao tema em estudo, lan?ou-se m?o das seguintes informa??es estat?sticas: Cadastro de Im?veis Rurais do INCRA, e respectivas Estat?sticas Cadastrais, ambos de 1998; Censo Agropecu?rio do IBGE, de 1995-1996, e, em particular, informa??es das tabula??es especiais deste Censo produzidas no ?mbito do Projeto de Coopera??o T?cnica INCRA/FAO; Listagem consolidada do Programa C?dula da Terra (PCT), Relat?rio de fam?lias beneficiadas pelo PCT e Relat?rio de fam?lias beneficiadas pelo Banco da Terra, do Minist?rio do Desenvolvimento Agr?rio (MDA), abrangendo, respectivamente, os per?odos 1997-2002, 2000-2004 e 1999-2004; Relat?rio com quadros demonstrativos das ?reas declaradas de interesse social para fins de desapropria??o e Relat?rio anal?tico da desapropria??o de im?veis rurais, ambos do INCRA, abrangendo, respectivamente, os per?odos 1964-1985 e 1979-2002; Estat?sticas de pre?os de terras agr?colas da Funda??o Get?lio Vargas (FGV), relativas aos anos de 1982 a 1998; Estat?sticas Tribut?rias do INCRA, nos per?odos 1975-1978 e 1982-1989; Estat?sticas relativas ao Perfil do ITR, de 1997, da Secretaria da Receita Federal (SRF); e Estat?sticas de arrecada??o da receita administrada pela SRF, no per?odo 1990-2001. O estudo conclui que, ao contr?rio do que tem sido propagado pelos seus defensores, os instrumentos adotados no pa?s, no per?odo considerado, n?o foram capazes de garantir de forma significativa a referida amplia??o do acesso ? terra. Ademais, a an?lise de aspectos relevantes da realidade institucional do mercado de terras rurais brasileiro indica que dificilmente estes instrumentos, tal como foram implementados, seriam capazes de promover modifica??o importante em nossa estrutura fundi?ria.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-12T17:54:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LenilzeCristinaDaSilvaDias_DISSERT.pdf: 1907284 bytes, checksum: d811865fb8f091cad8288604547917ce (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-15T17:43:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LenilzeCristinaDaSilvaDias_DISSERT.pdf: 1907284 bytes, checksum: d811865fb8f091cad8288604547917ce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T17:43:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LenilzeCristinaDaSilvaDias_DISSERT.pdf: 1907284 bytes, checksum: d811865fb8f091cad8288604547917ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho analisa os determinantes da participa??o dos trabalhadores e trabalhadoras rurais no Programa Nacional de Cr?dito Fundi?rio no munic?pio de Touros/RN, no per?odo de 2003 a 2014. Para tanto, considera como determinante os aspectos econ?micos e pol?ticos da forma??o social brasileira, destacando a inser??o do pa?s no sistema capitalista e o avan?o do capital no campo. Em adi??o, destaca os rebatimentos do ajuste fiscal e da contrarreforma do Estado sobre a pol?tica fundi?ria que vem priorizando a reforma agr?ria de mercado em detrimento da desapropria??o de terras e do combate ao latif?ndio. A reestrutura??o do capital tem provocado a precariza??o da vida da classe trabalhadora, acentuando a situa??o de empobrecimento das pessoas do campo evidenciada pelo aumento da concentra??o fundi?ria e, consequentemente, do conflito de terras. O Programa Nacional de Cr?dito Fundi?rio enfatiza a participa??o e a autonomia para a escolha da terra sem conflitos, como benef?cios. Para maior aproxima??o a essa realidade, a pesquisa em campo ocorreu com visita ?s ?reas adquiridas pelo Programa no munic?pio de Touros. Nesta ocasi?o, foi utilizado como t?cnica de coleta de dados um question?rio com perguntas abertas e fechadas, respondidas coletivamente pelas fam?lias associadas para a compra da terra. Posteriormente, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com dirigentes sindicais do munic?pio de Touros. O resultado da pesquisa evidenciou o esvaziamento pol?tico quanto ? concep??o de participa??o e autonomia adotadas pelo Programa e passividade em rela??o ? concentra??o fundi?ria por parte do movimento sindical. / This project analyzes the determinants of the participation of rural workers in the National Land Credit Program without the municipality of Bulls / RN, from 2003 to 2014. Therefore, it considers as determinant the economic and political aspects of the Brazilian social formation, highlighting the insertion of the country in the capitalist system and the advance of the capital in the field. In addition, it emphasizes the refutations of the fiscal adjustment and the counterreform of the State on the land policy that has prioritized the agrarian reform of the market to the detriment of the expropriation of lands and the fight against the latifundio. Capital restructuring provoked the precariousness of working-class life, accentuating the impoverishment of rural people, evidenced by the increased concentration of land and, consequently, by land conflict. The National Land Credit Program emphasizes participation and autonomy for the choice of land without conflicts, as benefits. To get closer to this reality, the field research took place with a visit to the areas acquired by the Program in the municipality of Touros. On this occasion, a questionnaire with open and closed questions, collectively answered by the families associated with the purchase of land, was used as data collection technique. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were conducted with union leaders from the municipality of Touros. The result of the research evidenced the political emptying of the conception of participation and autonomy adopted by the Program and lack of criticality in relation to the landed concentration by the trade union movement.