Baggrund: Antibiotikaresistente mikroorganismer er et globalt folkesundhedsproblem. Trods forebyggende indsatser ses en fortsat en markant stigningi resistensudviklingen,som er en alvorlig trussel for både nuværende og fremtidens patienter. Formål: Studiet skulle belyse hvordan læger og sygeplejersker fra de danske infektions-hygiejniske enheder oplevede og håndterede risikoen for udvikling af antibiotikaresistente mikroorganismer, og om der var behov for initiativer til at sikre bedre overensstemmelse mellem den officielle og de enkelte beslutningstageres forståelse og håndteringaf problemet. Metode: Kvalitativt design,hvor det empiriske materiale blevindsamlet ved semi-strukturerede interviewsaflæger og sygeplejersker fra infektionshygiejniske enheder. Data blev analyseret med kvalitativ indholdsanalyse. Den teoretiske ramme for studiet var ledelse, intersektorielt og tværsektorielt samarbejde, samt kvalitetsforbedring og evaluering. Resultat: Studietviser at den hidtidige indsats i Danmark ikke har været tilstrækkelig for at hindre smittespredning og udvikling af nye resistente mikroorganismer. Som årsag anføres, at man ikke i tilstrækkeligt omfang efterlever anbefalingerne til, hvad der bør indgå i et infektionskontrolprogram, såsom videreuddannelse, retningslinjer, information og undervisning, overvågning og en national antibiotikapolitik. Udmeldingen var, at der var tilstrækkeligt mange og overensstemmende nationale og internationale guidelines; der var ikke behov for flere, men derimod behov for en langt bedre implementering og information til alle involverede personalegrupper Konklusion: Der bør etableres et intersektorielt og tværsektorielt nationalt samarbejde, bl.a. med fokus på at minimere antibiotikaforbruget. Til dette kræves deltagelse af praktiserende læger, fagprofessionelle fra sundhedsvæsenet, landbruget, Fødevarestyrelsen og -ikke mindst -involvering af ledere samt relevante organisationer og ministerier / Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to present and future patients. Despite several interventions, the increase in multidrug-resistant microorganisms is a global challenge in public health. Aim: This study describes and analyzesthe viewpoint of infection control specialists (physicians and infection control nurses) regarding the threat of antimicrobial resistance. It was also evaluated whether specialists perceive a need to improve the match between individual specialist and decision makers. Methods: Qualitative content theory was used to analyze empirical data based upon semi-structured interviews with infection control specialists. Management, inter-and cross-sector cooperation, and quality improvement and evaluationformed the theoretical framework for this thesis. Results: Interviewees reported thatDenmark’s efforts to prevent the spread of infection and the development of new resistant micro-organisms have been insufficient. The interviewees viewed current national and international guidelines as sufficient but the interviewees expressed that there is in adequate compliance withvarious elements of the infection control program, including vocational training, guidelines, information and education, monitoring, and a national antibiotic strategy. However, there is a need for more focus and emphasis on implementation and information to all involved personnel. Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance requires greaterinter-and cross-sector cooperationin Denmark, regarding the overuse of antibiotics. This effort will require the participation of general practitioners, healthcare professionals, veterinarian specialists, as well as the involvement of leaders and relevant organizations and ministries / <p>ISBN 978-91-86739-91-1</p>

The objective of this diploma thesis is study of cooperation between Probation service Liberec, which represents public sector, and the NGOs as representatives of civil sector. These organisations provide means for people who are sentenced to punishment of community service. The aim of this study is identification of a model of cooperation, show the development of this model since its beginning in 2002, and finally, to introduce the external environment that influences this model. The theoretical basis crucial for this thesis is a Bryson, Crosby and Stones's concept of Governing Public-Nonprofit Collaborations. They focus on governing structure, governing processes, rules and external environment, which makes the structure of my study. The design of the research used in this diploma thesis is a case study. Data were gathered by method of semi-structured interviews of probation workers and by analysing of documents related to laws, methodical standards and other resources.