To the general purpose microprocessors, we often need to change microprocessors¡¦ hardware architecture because of customized purpose. But already existing application program is incompatible to the new hardware architecture, and increase the product¡¦s development period. In this thesis, we discuss the modification of two kinds of hardware architecture, include new instruction set extension and change the size of datapath to deal with specific application. To the former, our laboratory develop a 32-bit microprocessor SYS32-TM, increase MME instruction set to deal with multimedia application. The latter, based on Thumb instruction set , we develop 16-bit microprocessor SYS16-TM, we modify its¡¦ datapath from 32-bit to 16-bit, we will show how to let already existing application program can execute on the new hardware architecture. In SYS32-TM, we use the way of inline assembly to embedded MME instruction set in C source code, we have to modify the assembler, define and parse the MME instruction set, so the assembler can recognize it. In SYS16-TM, we have sign extension and address offset problems, we have to modify the compiler backend¡¦s machine description to solve the sign extension and address offset instruction set behavior, and modify the library. To build SYS16-TM software environment, we have to set C Run Time Environment in Thumb mode, not support exchange between ARM mode and Thumb mode, and write the correct linker script, to set the program start address in 0x0000, to solve ARM¡¦s initial program start address in 0x8000. As a result, In SYS32-TM, we use assembler to identify the MME instruction set can embedded in existing C source code. In SYS16-TM, we execute the testbench include sorts, Hanoi, Fibonacci number etc, and use simulator to verify its¡¦ correctness.

The main subject of this thesis is implementation of operating system based on Linux kernel. The thesis demonstrates ARM architecture and the programming model of this architecture very briefly. Then it explains initialization process of most significant peripherals including serial interfaces and memory controllers and describes booting process form NAND, NOR memory and UART interface. At the end it shows compiling procedures necessary for building u-boot and kernel.

Nowadays, the interest in smart appliances, which enable consumption reduction or consumption shifting approach, grows up. Such appliances can react to actual situation in the distributional network. From the energy distributor point of view, the activity of these appliances brings improvement of stability in the distribution network, while for the end customer there is possibility of the saving money. This thesis describes a transformation of standard fridge to smart fridge controlled by microcomputer Raspberry Pi. The smart fridge can communicate with supervisor system and according to its instructions change its behavior (temperature set point). The appliance can be manually controlled by a group of buttons, while its state can be visualized on the alphanumeric display. Last but not least way to control the appliance is through a web interface. The thesis also describes design of printed circuit board (PCB), which is designed for connection of all necessary sensors and actuators to Raspberry Pi. Software equipment is designed in the C++ program language.

A problem with having a fast and wide production of different platforms for mobile devices is that you can’t code for one and deploy on all devices at the same time. This thesis is focused on cross-plat1form development environments for smartphones and mainly to see what options there are on the market. This report will investigate how well a cross-compiler solution compares to hybrid cross-platform development. To do this we took a closer look at their architecture and then compared this with the results from different tests made. All the tests were made on the same smartphone to ensure fairness between them. All the tests strive to be as equal as possible even though the languages might differ from each other. The tested frameworks were PhoneGap, Qt, Unity3D and GameMaker. The different tests were about performance, power consumption, difficulty in accessing web browsers to perform HTML parsing and lastly to see if the platforms can access different native APIs such as the camera and accelerometer. The previously mentioned topics were compared between all the frameworks. We also compared the documentation found on their webpage to figure out which is the easiest to get started on.