E-handel har de senaste åren ständigt ökat vilket har bidragit till ökande krav på hållbaratransporter vilket medverkat till forskning av alternativ till traditionella transportföretag.Crowdshipping är ett koncept där det med hjälp av teknologiska applikationer kan utnyttjaindividers resurser för att skapa transportnätverk inom urbana områden. Användandet avindivider som redan är på väg till en plats och tar med ett paket i farten kan innebära mindrefordon på vägarna. I denna studie samlade vi in empirisk data genom att skicka ut en enkät till olika facebook-grupper bestående av studenter i Sverige och utförde två fokusgrupper med totalt åtta deltagare. Syftet med enkäten och fokusgrupperna var att undersöka respondenternasinställning och uppfattade hinder/möjligheter till crowdshipping. Med kunskap samlat utifrånvetenskapliga artiklar kunde ett teoretiskt ramverk etableras. Genom att studerat väsentligafaktorer till crowdshipping (tillit och säkerhet, miljö och hållbarhet, tid ochkompensation/prissättning) kunde vi analysera vårt empiriska material. Analysen byggs uppefter de teoretiska faktorerna som har inverkan på crowdshipping. Det visade sig attrespondenterna hade bekymmer med flertal säkerhetsaspekter inom CS-initiativ sompåverkade deras inställning negativt. Dock ansåg många respondenter initiativet som positivtifall det gick att säkerställa miljömässiga fördelar och flertalet säkerhetsaspektertillhandahölls. / E-commerce has steadily increased in recent years, which has contributed to increaseddemands for sustainable transport, which contributes to research into alternatives totraditional transport companies. Crowdshipping is a concept where, with the help oftechnological applications, it can utilize individuals' resources to create transport networks inurban areas. The use of individuals who are already on their way to a place and taking apackage on the go can mean fewer vehicles on the roads. In this study, we collected empirical data by sending out a questionnaire to various Facebookgroups consisting of students in Sweden and conducted two focus groups with a total of eightparticipants. The purpose of the survey and focus groups was to examine the respondents'attitudes and perceived obstacles/opportunities for crowdshipping. With knowledge gatheredbased on scientific articles, a theoretical framework could be established. By studyingsignificant factors for crowdshipping (trust and security, environment and sustainability, timeand compensation/pricing), we were able to analyze our empirical material. The analysis isbased on the theoretical factors that have an impact on crowdshipping. It turned out that therespondents had concerns with several security aspects within CS initiatives that had anegative effect on their attitude. However, many respondents considered the initiative to bepositive if it was possible to ensure environmental benefits and most safety aspects wereprovided.

<p>The rise of technologies and the Internet have provided opportunities to connect logistics demand and supply using the crowd. In this system, named crowd-shipping (CS), a requester doing the shipping selects a courier via a platform. In reality, the idea of CS has been explored by many firms over the last several years. However, there is a lack of fundamental understanding of the issues related to: (1) the markets that are likely to be influenced by CS; (2) the considerations that govern the success of this system; and the (3) the impacts of CS and its design.</p><p><br></p> <p>To address these issues, there is a need of understanding CS system's stakeholders, such as requesters' (i.e. senders') and potential couriers' (i.e. driver-partners') behaviors as well as operations and management of CS firms. This research will address these gaps by conducting a survey to understand driver-partners' behaviors and requesters' behaviors given the CS services availability in the logistics market. Then, pricing and compensation strategies are designed and modeled based on behavior rules of supply and demand generations as well as various CS market penetrations. As such, this research addresses the CS industry in a triad of supply, demand, and operations and management.</p><p><br></p> <p>This research uses advanced econometrics, statistics analysis, mixed integer optimization, and data science techniques to analyze data and generate insights. The contributions of this research are to identify the contributing factors that impact the emerging logistics service. This research also reveals factors that influence the current and future shipping behaviors of requesters, as well as influencing factors of the individuals' willingness to work as driver-partners. The integrated matching and routing models have been developed to examine different pricing and compensation strategies under several market penetration scenarios. `Individual' price and compensation have found to provide the highest profit for CS platform providers.</p><p><br></p> <p>This research provides meaningful knowledge for stakeholders, especially for the CS firms to develop business strategies. Several remarkable benefits that CS firms can obtain include: focusing on some specific population groups to recruit driver-partners (e.g. people with children, middle-aged people having lower incomes, or no car ownership); addressing certain market segments to promote CS services (e.g. tight-window delivery packages, peripheral products, or personal health and medicine items); implementing `individual' or `flatted' pricing and compensation strategies depending on the time of the day, the day of the week, or the market penetration; and improving platform features to incorporate requesters' and driver-partners' expectations.</p>