Thesis (M.Sc.). / Written for the Dept. of Bioresource Engineering. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2008/05/14). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-110). Also available as electronic resource via PDF.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2003. / Includes bibliography.

During 2010, faeces samples for parasitology research oriented on Blastocystis were collected from an anonymous farm. A total of 55 samples were collected (of them for 10 faeces samples from hens, ducks and geese and 25 from pigeons). The samples were cultured in Dobell-Leidlaw medium and viewed by light microscopy. However, this method led to only two foundings of Blastocystis (one from hen, the other from pigeon). Thus, PCR and nested-PCR with specific primers were later used for better detection of Blastocystis. The samples for PCR detection were not collected from the aforementioned farm, but they originated from a collection of isolated DNA samples that was available on the Parasitology institute of AS CR. The results of PCR were checked after electrophoresis and verified by sequenation. The obtained sequences of bird-isolated Blastocystis were phylogenetically analysed and as described to subtype 7.

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Zdeňka Čermáková Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Jiří Lamka, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: The progression and results of the model parasite culturing liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) in sheep (Ovis aries) Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease caused by liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica). This parasitosis is a significant disease in livestock, wild animals and in some parts of the world in humans. It causes a decrease in livestock performance and fertility, weight loss and high economic losses in livestock. The aim of this work was to describe in detail the course of artificial infection of sheep infected with F. hepatica metacercaria. Specifically, changes in blood count, egg excretion, and response of the immune system of infected individuals were monitored. The observed values were compared with the studies already performed. The demonstration of fasciolosis in artificially infected sheep was performed using the coprological sedimentation method, the differential determination of leukocytes from the blood layers, the determination of hematocrit and the immunological method ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays). Three lambs of Texel breeds infected with 200 metacercaria were used for the...

Cultivation of a model cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803 under low light conditions in the presence of glucose and TES buffer leads to a change of the medium color from colorless to yellow. The absorption spectrum of the excreted unknown compound indicated a possible relationship to plant chlorophyll degradation products. To confirm this speculation the compound was purified by a combination of solid phase extraction and HPLC. The mass and NMR characteristics excluded its close relationship to modified tetrapyrroles, nevertheless the precise structure could not be determined by these means due to a complicated nature of the compound and its high polarity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-06-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:57:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 campanhao_jm_me_jabo.pdf: 2557566 bytes, checksum: a330fff2f0fee1c341707af9996ff112 (MD5) / Objetivando avaliar os efeitos da queima da palhada e conseqüentemente da soqueira brotada, nos rendimentos agroindustriais da safra seguinte e estudar a melhor opção de tratos culturais, realizou-se um experimento na Companhia Energética Santa Elisa (Sertãozinho - SP) na safra 2001/02. Utilizou-se a variedade RB855536, em estágio de 4 º corte, plantada em Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico. O delineamento utilizado foi em parcelas sub-subdivididas com cinco repetições, com dois tratamentos principais (palhada queimada e não queimada); dois secundários (com e sem cultivo da soqueira) e dois terciários (doses de nitrogênio: 0 e 32 kg.ha-1). A queima acidental da palhada não afetou a produtividade de colmos e a qualidade da matéria prima (Pol % Cana) da safra seguinte, para colheita após 10,6 meses. Até 8,7 meses após a queima acidental da palhada, a área não deve ser colhida em função do menor teor de sacarose nos colmos (Pol % Cana). No tratamento palhada queimada houve maior perfilhamento no ciclo e maior número de colmos por metro na colheita, embora com menor peso unitário. A aplicação suplementar de nitrogênio incrementou a produtividade de colmos e de Pol, na ausência (queima) como na presença da palhada. O cultivo da soqueira não teve efeito sobre a produtividade de colmos e qualidade da matéria prima (Pol % Cana). / Aiming to evaluate the effects of burning sugar-cane straw before harvest, which consequently burns the sprouting ratoon also, on agricultural and industrial yields of the next harvest and study the best crop management option, we carried out a field experiment at the Companhia Energética Santa Elisa in Sertáozinho (São Paulo, State) during harvest of the years 2001/2002. The soil was an oxisoil, and the sugarcane variety was RB855536, in its 4th cutting stage. The experiment design was a split-split-plot with five repetitions. The main treatments consisted of burning and not burning the straw. Secondary treatments were: ratoon cultivation (yes or not), and tertiary were the application of two different doses of nitrogen (0 and 32 kg.ha-1). The burning of the straw did not affect the productivity of culms and percentage of sucrose of the cane (Pol% cane) in the following year, harvesting after 10.6 months. Up to 8.7 months after the accidental burn of the straw the harvest is not recommended in function of the smaller sucrose percentage in the culms. The burning of the straw increased the number of culms of lower weight. Nitrogen application determined an increment on the productivity of culms and Pol, in the absence (burn) as in presence of the straw. Ratoon cultivation did not affect productivity of culms and percentage of sucrose of the cane (Pol% cane).

A região Sudoeste do Paraná se caracteriza por apresentar no meio rural significativa participação de agricultores familiares. Nesse contexto, a olericultura tem se destacado como importante alternativa de renda para estes agricultores e, assim, reveste-se de importância para a região. Entretanto, para que esta atividade desenvolva todo seu potencial, é preciso desenvolver tecnologias adaptadas às condições locais, especialmente no sentido de reduzir a dependência de insumos externos e de reduzir os custos de produção. Nesse sentido, propôs-se o presente estudo com vistas a avaliar a produção de mudas de abobrinha e de beterraba em recipientes coletivos e a produção das culturas implantadas com estas mudas, como alternativa à semeadura direta nos próprios canteiros normalmente empregada na região. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na UTFPR – Campus Pato Branco, com a utilização de diferentes substratos formulados com resíduo de carvão, húmus e vermiculita, misturados em diferentes proporções, tendo como testemunha o substrato comercial Húmus Fértil®, acondicionados em bandejas de 128 e 200 células. O estudo envolveu a realização de quatro experimentos, sendo que no primeiro avaliou-se a qualidade das mudas de abobrinha produzidas com estes substratos e bandejas; no segundo, avaliou-se a produção de mudas de beterraba incluindo a semeadura direta como testemunha; no terceiro, avaliou-se a produção de abobrinha a partir das mudas obtidas no primeiro experimento; e, no quarto experimento, avaliou-se a produção de beterraba. Nos experimentos 01 e 03, inicialmente, foram avaliadas a porcentagem de emergência e o índice de velocidade de emergência. Depois, aos 30 dias após a semeadura, as mudas foram avaliadas pelas variáveis altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, área foliar, fitomassa fresca e seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. Para os experimentos 02 e 04, o transplantio ocorreu 30 dias após a semeadura. No experimento 02, os frutos de abobrinha foram colhidos quando atingiram o ponto de comercialização (comprimento de 15 a 20 cm), colhendo-os a cada dois dias, até que finalizasse a produção. Avaliaram-se as variáveis diâmetro do fruto, número de frutos e produção total de frutos (expressa em Mg ha-1). No experimento 04, as avaliações foram realizadas aos 55 dias após o transplantio, determinando-se a altura da planta, o número de folhas, a área foliar e fitomassa seca da parte aérea, o diâmetro e o peso das raizes tuberosas. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que as características químicas dos substratos influenciaram significativamente a qualidade das mudas produzidas, especialmente o pH e a relação álcio/magnésio no caso da abobrinha, e o teor de Mn e a relação fósforo/zinco, no caso da beterraba. Observou-se, ainda, que o volume de substrato utilizado na produção das mudas interferiu significativamente sobre a qualidade das mudas produzidas, sendo que a bandeja de 128 células (volume maior) produziu mudas de melhor qualidade que a bandeja de 200 células. A qualidade da muda utilizada afetou significativamente a produtividade da cultura sendo que no caso da abobrinha observou-se produtividade entre 7,9 e 24,1 Mg ha-1 e, no caso da beterraba, entre 22,3 e 59,0 Mg ha-1. / The Southwest Parana region is characterized by presenting the significant participation of family farmers. In this context, horticulture has emerged as an important alternative source of income for these farmers, and thus is of importance to the region. However, for this activity to evelop their full potential, we must develop technologies suited to local conditions, particularly to reduce dependence on external inputs and to reduce production costs. In this sense, it was proposed this study in order to evaluate the production of seedlings of zucchini and beet on trays and the production of crops with these seedlings implanted as an alternative to direct sowing in their own beds usually employed in the region. The experiment was carried at UTFPR – campus Pato Branco, with the use of different substrates formulated on the waste coal, humus and vermiculite mixed in different proportions, and as shown by the commercial substrate Húmus Fertil®, packed in trays of 128 and 200 cells. The study involved the performance of four experiments, and at first we evaluated the quality of seedlings of zucchini grown with these substrates and pans, in the second evaluated the production of beet seedlings including direct seeding as a witness, in the third, evaluated the production of squash seedlings from the first experiment, and in the fourth experiment, we evaluated the production of sugar beet. In experiments 01 and 03 were initially evaluated the percentage of emergence speed rate of emergence. Then at 30 days after sowing, the seedlings were evaluated for the variables plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry biomass of shoots and roots. For the trials 02 and 04, the transplant was done 30 days after sowing. In experiment 02, the fruits of zucchini were harvested when they reached the point of sale (length 15-20 cm), harvesting them every two days until finalize the production. We evaluated the variables: the diameter of the fruit, fruit number and total yield (in Mg ha-1). In experiment 04, were examined 55 days after transplanting, determining plant height, leaf number, leaf area and dry weight of shoots, the diameter and the weight of tuberous roots. The results showed that the chemical characteristics of substrates significantly influenced the quality of plants, especially the pH and the calcium/magnesium in the case of zucchini, and the ratio of manganese and phosphorus/zinc, in the case of beet. It was noted also that the volume of substrate used in the nursery significantly affect the quality of plants, and the 128 trays (larger volume) produced seedlings of better quality than the tray 2001 cells. The quality of the switches used significantly affected the yield and in the case of zucchini yield was observed between 7,9 and 24,1 Mg ha-1 and in the case of beet, between 22,3 and 59,0 Mg ha-1.

A região Sudoeste do Paraná se caracteriza por apresentar no meio rural significativa participação de agricultores familiares. Nesse contexto, a olericultura tem se destacado como importante alternativa de renda para estes agricultores e, assim, reveste-se de importância para a região. Entretanto, para que esta atividade desenvolva todo seu potencial, é preciso desenvolver tecnologias adaptadas às condições locais, especialmente no sentido de reduzir a dependência de insumos externos e de reduzir os custos de produção. Nesse sentido, propôs-se o presente estudo com vistas a avaliar a produção de mudas de abobrinha e de beterraba em recipientes coletivos e a produção das culturas implantadas com estas mudas, como alternativa à semeadura direta nos próprios canteiros normalmente empregada na região. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na UTFPR – Campus Pato Branco, com a utilização de diferentes substratos formulados com resíduo de carvão, húmus e vermiculita, misturados em diferentes proporções, tendo como testemunha o substrato comercial Húmus Fértil®, acondicionados em bandejas de 128 e 200 células. O estudo envolveu a realização de quatro experimentos, sendo que no primeiro avaliou-se a qualidade das mudas de abobrinha produzidas com estes substratos e bandejas; no segundo, avaliou-se a produção de mudas de beterraba incluindo a semeadura direta como testemunha; no terceiro, avaliou-se a produção de abobrinha a partir das mudas obtidas no primeiro experimento; e, no quarto experimento, avaliou-se a produção de beterraba. Nos experimentos 01 e 03, inicialmente, foram avaliadas a porcentagem de emergência e o índice de velocidade de emergência. Depois, aos 30 dias após a semeadura, as mudas foram avaliadas pelas variáveis altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, área foliar, fitomassa fresca e seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. Para os experimentos 02 e 04, o transplantio ocorreu 30 dias após a semeadura. No experimento 02, os frutos de abobrinha foram colhidos quando atingiram o ponto de comercialização (comprimento de 15 a 20 cm), colhendo-os a cada dois dias, até que finalizasse a produção. Avaliaram-se as variáveis diâmetro do fruto, número de frutos e produção total de frutos (expressa em Mg ha-1). No experimento 04, as avaliações foram realizadas aos 55 dias após o transplantio, determinando-se a altura da planta, o número de folhas, a área foliar e fitomassa seca da parte aérea, o diâmetro e o peso das raizes tuberosas. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que as características químicas dos substratos influenciaram significativamente a qualidade das mudas produzidas, especialmente o pH e a relação álcio/magnésio no caso da abobrinha, e o teor de Mn e a relação fósforo/zinco, no caso da beterraba. Observou-se, ainda, que o volume de substrato utilizado na produção das mudas interferiu significativamente sobre a qualidade das mudas produzidas, sendo que a bandeja de 128 células (volume maior) produziu mudas de melhor qualidade que a bandeja de 200 células. A qualidade da muda utilizada afetou significativamente a produtividade da cultura sendo que no caso da abobrinha observou-se produtividade entre 7,9 e 24,1 Mg ha-1 e, no caso da beterraba, entre 22,3 e 59,0 Mg ha-1. / The Southwest Parana region is characterized by presenting the significant participation of family farmers. In this context, horticulture has emerged as an important alternative source of income for these farmers, and thus is of importance to the region. However, for this activity to evelop their full potential, we must develop technologies suited to local conditions, particularly to reduce dependence on external inputs and to reduce production costs. In this sense, it was proposed this study in order to evaluate the production of seedlings of zucchini and beet on trays and the production of crops with these seedlings implanted as an alternative to direct sowing in their own beds usually employed in the region. The experiment was carried at UTFPR – campus Pato Branco, with the use of different substrates formulated on the waste coal, humus and vermiculite mixed in different proportions, and as shown by the commercial substrate Húmus Fertil®, packed in trays of 128 and 200 cells. The study involved the performance of four experiments, and at first we evaluated the quality of seedlings of zucchini grown with these substrates and pans, in the second evaluated the production of beet seedlings including direct seeding as a witness, in the third, evaluated the production of squash seedlings from the first experiment, and in the fourth experiment, we evaluated the production of sugar beet. In experiments 01 and 03 were initially evaluated the percentage of emergence speed rate of emergence. Then at 30 days after sowing, the seedlings were evaluated for the variables plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry biomass of shoots and roots. For the trials 02 and 04, the transplant was done 30 days after sowing. In experiment 02, the fruits of zucchini were harvested when they reached the point of sale (length 15-20 cm), harvesting them every two days until finalize the production. We evaluated the variables: the diameter of the fruit, fruit number and total yield (in Mg ha-1). In experiment 04, were examined 55 days after transplanting, determining plant height, leaf number, leaf area and dry weight of shoots, the diameter and the weight of tuberous roots. The results showed that the chemical characteristics of substrates significantly influenced the quality of plants, especially the pH and the calcium/magnesium in the case of zucchini, and the ratio of manganese and phosphorus/zinc, in the case of beet. It was noted also that the volume of substrate used in the nursery significantly affect the quality of plants, and the 128 trays (larger volume) produced seedlings of better quality than the tray 2001 cells. The quality of the switches used significantly affected the yield and in the case of zucchini yield was observed between 7,9 and 24,1 Mg ha-1 and in the case of beet, between 22,3 and 59,0 Mg ha-1.

The aim of this study was to isolate and extensively test promising candidate diatom species for biodiesel cultivation. Diatom strains were isolated from natural habitats in the state of Ohio (USA). These strains were tested to find optimal growing conditions and media (concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Silica, source of Nitrogen, temperature etc.).