Univerzita Karlova v Praze Fakulta sociálních věd Veřejná a sociální politika Diplomová práce Bc. Kristýna Čepeláková Alzheimerova choroba v současné zdravotní a sociální politice Alzheimer's disease in the current health and social policy Praha 2017 Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Karolína Dobiášová, PhD. Abstract (in English): My dissertation deals with the system of care for patients with Alzheimer's disease in the Czech Republic. For the first objective is to describe this piecemeal issue and confirm, that it's a public- policy problem for the present and will be public-policy problem for the future too. I will collect information about the various measures that the system of care for this type of patients affected. Through content analysis of available resources in the field of care for patients with Alzheimer's disease I will identify the main problem points area of health and social policy. I will place great emphasis on social responsibility for this type of patients and on the impact of public policy measures on the target group of thesis. As a target group I will define not only patients with Alzheimer's disease, but also informal carers, including their close surroundings. They are under great physical and psychological pressure and meets with obstacles in the form of provided formal care services, reduction...

Diplomová práce Distanční vzdělávání žáků se sociálním znevýhodněním Distance education of pupils with the need for support due to different cultural and living conditions Miroslava Haplová ABSTRACT Closing schools and launching distance education in spring of the year 2020 have brought new experience into the Czech educational system and the whole society. This situation has had a great impact especially on the pupils with special needs including those with social disadvantage. The qualitative research together with structured and semi-structured interviews with socially disadvantaged families and educational service workers will, with emphasis on the issue of pupils with social disadvantage, help clarify the input preconditions for distance education with its obstacles, schools' strategies, the role of special tutors and the schools' potential for collaboration with other institutions and participants at the time of distance eduction. The outcomes of this thesis reveal that to find an adequate way to support the pupils with special needs, it is crucial for the schools to know the pupils' family conditions and set up a suitable strategy for their education based on the situation. The aspects of the social disadvantage play even more distinctive role during distance education compared to the common...

Optimizing of Epilepsy Surgery in Paediatric Patients Abstract Epilepsy surgery represents an effective treatment of intractable focal epilepsy. The presented work aims to describe the state of the art and enhance diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm in paediatric patients. The ultimate goal is to improve the outcome of surgeries. The work depicts the evolution of the paediatric epilepsy surgery program in Motol Epilepsy Center over the course of years 2000-2017. Complexity of patients (younger age, epileptogenic zone in proximity of eloquent cortex, multifocal MRI findings) and surgeries (hemispherotomy) alike increased over time. However, the outcomes in terms of postoperative seizure-freedom and complications remained stable. Cognitive abilities of patients improved by 9.1 IQ/DQ points one year after surgery. Patients with preexisting intellectual deficit reached the most significant increase. We developed a novel paradigm of intraoperative cortical electrical stimulation mapping. Furthermore, we introduced a technique employing visual detection of SEEG electrodes during the surgery. These procedures aim to achieve a complete resection while avoiding complications. We developed and standardized Czech versions of questionnaires IPES a QOLIE-AD-48 assessing quality of life in children with epilepsy. We...

With the increasing importance of service trade in the economy, the development of service trade among China, Japan and South Korea, as the three largest economies in East Asia, cannot be ignored. This paper mainly analyzes the competitiveness and complementary relationship of service trade between China, Japan and South Korea through RCA and TC index. The degrees of competition between China, Japan and South Korea is not intense since their complementarity is high and stable. With the signing of RCEP, the future liberalization of service market in China, Japan and South Korea will be improved, and China should make full use of the complementarity of service trade with Japan and South Korea to strengthen the exchange and cooperation with Japanese and Korean service enterprises in several industries to promote the development of service trade between China, Japan and South Korea. Keywords ： Services Trade, Complementarity, Competitiveness, China, Japan, South Korea, Regional Economic Cooperation

The topic of this doctoral dissertation is changes and shifts in cognitive domains during the period when young adults are enrolled in university education. This period in cognitive development is marked by the concept of postformal thinking related to Piaget's theory of cognitive development. In this thesis, the main focus is on the postformal thinking operations conceptualized by Jan D. Sinnott. The theoretical part is dedicated to two main themes: higher university education period and cognitive development. The current situation of mass tertiary education in the Czech Republic is presented as well as its impact on the student structure and students themselves. This time in life during which a young adult attends university education is described through the viewpoint of developmental psychology theorists and the concept of emerging adulthood by Jeffrey J. Arnett. In the cognitive development domain, Jean Piaget's theory is mentioned and followed by a showcase of a line of thought of his successors regarding the theory of postformal development. For the purposes of research presented in this thesis, Jan D. Sinnott's Theory of Relativistic Postformal Thought was used as the basic framework. The research part of this thesis was carried out as a mixed two-part design. With this approach, a deeper...

Scheduling allocates scarce resources to activities such that certain constraints are satisfied and specific objectives are optimized. The activities to be executed are com- monly known or determined a priori in the planning stage. To improve the flexibility of scheduling systems, the concept of optional activities was invented. Optional activities are those activities whose presence in the resulting schedule is to be decided. Rather than determining which activities need to be executed and scheduling them in two consecu- tive phases, flexibility and efficiency can be improved significantly when both activity selection and time allocation are integrated within the same solver. Such an approach was implemented in a few Constraint Programming solvers and manifested great perfor- mance on multiple scheduling problems. In this thesis, we apply the concept of optional activities to scheduling problems that do not seem to involve optional activities, such as the production scheduling problem with sequence-dependent non-overlapping setups, but also on problems beyond the scheduling domain, such as the multi-agent path finding problem and its extension with weighted and capacitated arcs. 1

The thesis focuses on a teacher beginner at country primary school. It is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, we define the concept of a beginning teacher, his competences, professional preparation for teaching in primary school and specific problems of a novice teacher. It also deals with a small school with mixed-age (multileveled) classes, with the history and the specifics of this type of school. A special part of this thesis is focused on the teaching process in schools with age-mixed classes. The practical part aims to describe and evaluate specific problems beginning teachers have at small schools with age-mixed classes, as well as their personal experience. Research is based on interviews with teachers and headmasters and on observations at school. KEYWORDS beginning teacher, primary school teacher, country primary school, mixed-age classes

KRISTÝNA JEŽILOVÁ THE ROLE OF A TEACHING ASSISTANT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL ABSTRACT The thesis is about the profession of a teaching assistant and his interaction with pupils with special educational needs. It deals with what is the role of a teaching assistant during a teaching and how he helps pupils with special educational needs. The theoretical part explains important concepts which are crucial for this proffesion, that means joint learning, who the teaching assistant actually is and what he needs for his work and who are students with special educational needs. The practical part tries to outline the work of the teaching assistant by means of qualitative research. I was interested in how this work is viewed by assistants themselves, which I try to find out by means of research methods - interview and observation. On the basis of the results of the research, the conclusion of the investigation is elaborated, where all gained knowledge is summarized. The aim of the thesis is to find out what role the pedagogical assistants play and how they help pupils with special educational needs, how their assistants see their work, how their opinion on this profession differs and what it is the same.

The work deals with the influence of pupils with special educational needs (SEN) on their intact pupils. Over the last few years, the number of pupils with SEN in regular classes has increased. In some classes, there are even more pupils with SEN, so it is important to monitor the influence of it has on their intact classmates. Pupils with SEN also bring with them support measures (such as assistants) or a greater workload for teachers. All this somehow affects intact pupils and the aim of the work is to describe what the influence is. The work is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part I describe the importance of individual actors of the school class for its proper functioning, safe climate and how they can interact with each other. I also deal with inklusive education, what are the main principles, I describe inklusive education in the Czech Republic, who are pupils with SEN, what support they can receive in a regular class. The research part was conducted through mixed research, specifically a questionnaire survey and an interview, with the respondents being primary school teachers. The research showed that pupils with SEN can have both positive and negative effects. Intact students can teach a lot, such as tolerance and respect. Intact students also get acquainted with the differences...

This research investigates the use of an alternate means of modelling the performance of a train of feed water heaters in a steam cycle power plant, using machine learning. The goal of this study was to use a simple artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the behaviour of the plant system, specifically the inlet bled steam (BS) mass flow rate and the outlet water temperature of each feedwater heater. The output of the model was validated through the use of a thermofluid engineering model built for the same plant. Another goal was to assess the ability of both the thermofluid model and ANN model to predict plant behaviour under out of normal operating circumstances. The thermofluid engineering model was built on FLOWNEX® SE using existing custom components for the various heat exchangers. The model was then tuned to current plant conditions by catering for plant degradation and maintenance effects. The artificial neural network was of a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) type, using the rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function, mean squared error (MSE) loss function and adaptive moments (Adam) optimiser. It was constructed using Python programming language. The ANN model was trained using the same data as the FLOWNEX® SE model. Multiple architectures were tested resulting in the optimum model having two layers, 200 nodes or neurons in each layer with a batch size of 500, running over 100 epochs. This configuration attained a training accuracy of 0.9975 and validation accuracy of 0.9975. When used on a test set and to predict plant performance, it achieved a MSE of 0.23 and 0.45 respectively. Under normal operating conditions (six cases tested) the ANN model performed better than the FLOWNEX® SE model when compared to actual plant behaviour. Under out of normal conditions (four cases tested), the FLOWNEX SE® model performed better than the ANN. It is evident that the ANN model was unable to capture the “physics” of a heat exchanger or the feed heating process as a result of its poor performance in the out of normal scenarios. Further tuning by way of alternate activation functions and regularisation techniques had little effect on the ANN model performance. The ANN model was able to accurately predict an out of normal case only when it was trained to do so. This was achieved by augmenting the original training data with the inputs and results from the FLOWNEX SE® model for the same case. The conclusion drawn from this study is that this type of simple ANN model is able to predict plant performance so long as it is trained for it. The validity of the prediction is highly dependent on the integrity of the training data. Operating outside the range which the model was trained for will result in inaccurate predictions. It is recommended that out of normal scenarios commonly experienced by the plant be synthesised by engineering modelling tools like FLOWNEX® SE to augment the historic plant data. This provides a wider spectrum of training data enabling more generalised and accurate predictions from the ANN model.