Thesis (M. Log.)--Universiteit van Pretoria, 2000.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo acompanhar, através do método da cartografia, a infância e as experiências educacionais de uma criança surda através de imagens produzidas e escolhidas por ela em uma escola de surdos, uma escola infantil comum e no contexto onde vive com sua família. Articulo o método da cartografia a noções do campo dos Estudos Culturais e dos Estudos Surdos para problematizar a infância e a produção de identidades e da diferença surda. A cartografia é um estudo das relações de forças que compõem um campo específico de experiências, não dependendo de um plano a executar, de um conjunto de competências a adquirir ou de uma lista de habilidades a aplicar em determinado campo pelo pesquisador. A cartografia tem a primazia do encontro, de fazer “falar aquilo que ainda não se encontrava na esfera do já sabido, acessar a experiência de cada um, fazer conexões, descobrir a leitura, a brincadeira, os elos e tudo que vive no cruzamento e nas franjas desses territórios existenciais.” (BARROS e KASTRUP, 2010, p.61). A cartografia é, portanto, uma prática que acompanha um processo. Durante o meu processo investigativo, busquei aproximações com os campos da filosofia e da infância para pensar sobre o pensar, para que possamos olhar de diferentes formas e lugares a infância e a surdez, para talvez reescrever o que já foi pensado e dito na e sobre a educação das crianças surdas. A partir da análise do material empírico, foi possível perceber que a criança surda, para ser criança, subverte a ordem do que é “melhor para a criança surda” a partir da necessidade de ir à escola, onde tem suas refeições garantidas, sua higiene, o cuidado e o educar, estes tão intrínsecos, específicos da educação infantil. Acredito que a educação da infância surda deve acontecer com pares surdos, em uma escola de surdos, mas para isso é preciso fazer alguns deslocamentos, como olhar para a infância, tanto quanto se olha para a surdez, e que a criança não participe dessa escola apenas para ter atendimento educacional especializado para aprender a língua de sinais durante algumas poucas horas na semana. Poderíamos pensá-la primando pela educação do fazer pensar e do conhecimento, onde se tem potência de ser criança e potência para viver a identidade surda, porque o que somos é resultado não somente do que fazemos, mas também do que nos passa e do que experimentamos. Estamos todos, o tempo todo, em processo, em obra na produção de outras formas de existência. / This dissertation aims to follow the childhood and educational experiences of deaf children through the images produced and chosen by them in a deaf school, a regular nursery school and where they live with their family based on the method of cartography. This method is articulated with the concepts of Cultural and Deaf Studies to discuss the childhood and the production of identities and of the deaf diversity. Cartography is a study of power relations that makes up a particular field of experience, not depending on a plan to carry out, a set of skills to acquire or of a list of skills to apply in a particular field by the researcher. It emphasizes the gathering, the allowance to "speak what was not yet in the sphere of the already known, to access the experience of each individual, making connections, discovering reading, playing, the links and everything that lies at the intersection and on the fringes of these existential territories. " (BARROS e KASTRUP, 2010, p.61). Cartography is therefore a practice that goes hand in hand with a process. During this research process, the approximations with the fields of philosophy and childhood were sought to reflect about thinking, so that one can look from different perspectives and places at childhood and deafness, perhaps to rewrite what was already thought and said in and about the education of deaf children. The analysis of the empirical data shows that deaf children, to be children, subvert the order of what is "best for the deaf child" starting from the need to go to school, that provides their meals, hygiene the care and education, which are such intrinsic, specific aspects of child education. It is our belief that the education of deaf children should happen among deaf children in a deaf school, but for that it is necessary to make some displacements, such as looking at childhood as much as at deafness, and that the child will not attend this school just to have special classes to learn sign language for a couple of hours a week. It is possible to think of striving for an education that stimulates thinking and learning, in which one has the power to be a child and the power to live deaf identity because what we are is not only a result of what we do, but also what and how we experience it. We are all in constant process, working in the production of other existence forms.

The cochlear implant represents a radical intervention in the hearing-impaired child's life, which has a profound influence on the feelings and emotions of the child's family. In this study it is endeavoured to identify and to describe this influence. A literature study was done. Families of implanted children in Scotland and in South Africa filled in questionnaires and interviews were held. This study illuminates the fact that parents suffer stress and have various concerns before as well as after the implant. Different reasons why parents decide to give their child a cochlear implant are described. The researcher came to the conclusion that the implanted child functions in a more balanced way and that parents are very satisfied after the implantation. The effect of the implant is described under the following categories: communication, feelings of parents, effect on the deaf child, normality, effect on parents, effect on siblings. / Education / M.Ed.(Guidance and Counselling)

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo acompanhar, através do método da cartografia, a infância e as experiências educacionais de uma criança surda através de imagens produzidas e escolhidas por ela em uma escola de surdos, uma escola infantil comum e no contexto onde vive com sua família. Articulo o método da cartografia a noções do campo dos Estudos Culturais e dos Estudos Surdos para problematizar a infância e a produção de identidades e da diferença surda. A cartografia é um estudo das relações de forças que compõem um campo específico de experiências, não dependendo de um plano a executar, de um conjunto de competências a adquirir ou de uma lista de habilidades a aplicar em determinado campo pelo pesquisador. A cartografia tem a primazia do encontro, de fazer “falar aquilo que ainda não se encontrava na esfera do já sabido, acessar a experiência de cada um, fazer conexões, descobrir a leitura, a brincadeira, os elos e tudo que vive no cruzamento e nas franjas desses territórios existenciais.” (BARROS e KASTRUP, 2010, p.61). A cartografia é, portanto, uma prática que acompanha um processo. Durante o meu processo investigativo, busquei aproximações com os campos da filosofia e da infância para pensar sobre o pensar, para que possamos olhar de diferentes formas e lugares a infância e a surdez, para talvez reescrever o que já foi pensado e dito na e sobre a educação das crianças surdas. A partir da análise do material empírico, foi possível perceber que a criança surda, para ser criança, subverte a ordem do que é “melhor para a criança surda” a partir da necessidade de ir à escola, onde tem suas refeições garantidas, sua higiene, o cuidado e o educar, estes tão intrínsecos, específicos da educação infantil. Acredito que a educação da infância surda deve acontecer com pares surdos, em uma escola de surdos, mas para isso é preciso fazer alguns deslocamentos, como olhar para a infância, tanto quanto se olha para a surdez, e que a criança não participe dessa escola apenas para ter atendimento educacional especializado para aprender a língua de sinais durante algumas poucas horas na semana. Poderíamos pensá-la primando pela educação do fazer pensar e do conhecimento, onde se tem potência de ser criança e potência para viver a identidade surda, porque o que somos é resultado não somente do que fazemos, mas também do que nos passa e do que experimentamos. Estamos todos, o tempo todo, em processo, em obra na produção de outras formas de existência. / This dissertation aims to follow the childhood and educational experiences of deaf children through the images produced and chosen by them in a deaf school, a regular nursery school and where they live with their family based on the method of cartography. This method is articulated with the concepts of Cultural and Deaf Studies to discuss the childhood and the production of identities and of the deaf diversity. Cartography is a study of power relations that makes up a particular field of experience, not depending on a plan to carry out, a set of skills to acquire or of a list of skills to apply in a particular field by the researcher. It emphasizes the gathering, the allowance to "speak what was not yet in the sphere of the already known, to access the experience of each individual, making connections, discovering reading, playing, the links and everything that lies at the intersection and on the fringes of these existential territories. " (BARROS e KASTRUP, 2010, p.61). Cartography is therefore a practice that goes hand in hand with a process. During this research process, the approximations with the fields of philosophy and childhood were sought to reflect about thinking, so that one can look from different perspectives and places at childhood and deafness, perhaps to rewrite what was already thought and said in and about the education of deaf children. The analysis of the empirical data shows that deaf children, to be children, subvert the order of what is "best for the deaf child" starting from the need to go to school, that provides their meals, hygiene the care and education, which are such intrinsic, specific aspects of child education. It is our belief that the education of deaf children should happen among deaf children in a deaf school, but for that it is necessary to make some displacements, such as looking at childhood as much as at deafness, and that the child will not attend this school just to have special classes to learn sign language for a couple of hours a week. It is possible to think of striving for an education that stimulates thinking and learning, in which one has the power to be a child and the power to live deaf identity because what we are is not only a result of what we do, but also what and how we experience it. We are all in constant process, working in the production of other existence forms.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo acompanhar, através do método da cartografia, a infância e as experiências educacionais de uma criança surda através de imagens produzidas e escolhidas por ela em uma escola de surdos, uma escola infantil comum e no contexto onde vive com sua família. Articulo o método da cartografia a noções do campo dos Estudos Culturais e dos Estudos Surdos para problematizar a infância e a produção de identidades e da diferença surda. A cartografia é um estudo das relações de forças que compõem um campo específico de experiências, não dependendo de um plano a executar, de um conjunto de competências a adquirir ou de uma lista de habilidades a aplicar em determinado campo pelo pesquisador. A cartografia tem a primazia do encontro, de fazer “falar aquilo que ainda não se encontrava na esfera do já sabido, acessar a experiência de cada um, fazer conexões, descobrir a leitura, a brincadeira, os elos e tudo que vive no cruzamento e nas franjas desses territórios existenciais.” (BARROS e KASTRUP, 2010, p.61). A cartografia é, portanto, uma prática que acompanha um processo. Durante o meu processo investigativo, busquei aproximações com os campos da filosofia e da infância para pensar sobre o pensar, para que possamos olhar de diferentes formas e lugares a infância e a surdez, para talvez reescrever o que já foi pensado e dito na e sobre a educação das crianças surdas. A partir da análise do material empírico, foi possível perceber que a criança surda, para ser criança, subverte a ordem do que é “melhor para a criança surda” a partir da necessidade de ir à escola, onde tem suas refeições garantidas, sua higiene, o cuidado e o educar, estes tão intrínsecos, específicos da educação infantil. Acredito que a educação da infância surda deve acontecer com pares surdos, em uma escola de surdos, mas para isso é preciso fazer alguns deslocamentos, como olhar para a infância, tanto quanto se olha para a surdez, e que a criança não participe dessa escola apenas para ter atendimento educacional especializado para aprender a língua de sinais durante algumas poucas horas na semana. Poderíamos pensá-la primando pela educação do fazer pensar e do conhecimento, onde se tem potência de ser criança e potência para viver a identidade surda, porque o que somos é resultado não somente do que fazemos, mas também do que nos passa e do que experimentamos. Estamos todos, o tempo todo, em processo, em obra na produção de outras formas de existência. / This dissertation aims to follow the childhood and educational experiences of deaf children through the images produced and chosen by them in a deaf school, a regular nursery school and where they live with their family based on the method of cartography. This method is articulated with the concepts of Cultural and Deaf Studies to discuss the childhood and the production of identities and of the deaf diversity. Cartography is a study of power relations that makes up a particular field of experience, not depending on a plan to carry out, a set of skills to acquire or of a list of skills to apply in a particular field by the researcher. It emphasizes the gathering, the allowance to "speak what was not yet in the sphere of the already known, to access the experience of each individual, making connections, discovering reading, playing, the links and everything that lies at the intersection and on the fringes of these existential territories. " (BARROS e KASTRUP, 2010, p.61). Cartography is therefore a practice that goes hand in hand with a process. During this research process, the approximations with the fields of philosophy and childhood were sought to reflect about thinking, so that one can look from different perspectives and places at childhood and deafness, perhaps to rewrite what was already thought and said in and about the education of deaf children. The analysis of the empirical data shows that deaf children, to be children, subvert the order of what is "best for the deaf child" starting from the need to go to school, that provides their meals, hygiene the care and education, which are such intrinsic, specific aspects of child education. It is our belief that the education of deaf children should happen among deaf children in a deaf school, but for that it is necessary to make some displacements, such as looking at childhood as much as at deafness, and that the child will not attend this school just to have special classes to learn sign language for a couple of hours a week. It is possible to think of striving for an education that stimulates thinking and learning, in which one has the power to be a child and the power to live deaf identity because what we are is not only a result of what we do, but also what and how we experience it. We are all in constant process, working in the production of other existence forms.

The main purposes of this thesis are to investigate the difference between the written English of deaf children and the written English of hearing children and to make recommendations on how to improve the writing of deaf children. In order to achieve this goal, both quantitative and qualitative research was done. The comparison of the writing of deaf and hearing children relies on quantitative research while the recommendations are based on qualitative analysis. The dissertation is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter discusses the problem, the significance of the research, the purpose of the study, the background to the problem and the theoretical framework. This chapter indicates the prevalence of deafness worldwide and in South Africa and its negative impact on the writing abilities of children. The second chapter provides a literature review on the theory behind reading and writing, with specific emphasis on emergent literacy and its relevance to the language acquisition and print language learning of deaf children. Another aspect of this chapter is the effect of different aspects of deafness on language acquisition and learning. The chapter also highlights the challenges for deaf children in South Africa and debates regarding the language of instruction that should be used to teach deaf children writing/reading, as well as arguments concerning bottom-up, top-down, and interactive approaches to writing. The third chapter provides the overall philosophical framework for the quantitative and qualitative research as well as the methodology used for the qualitative research. This is followed by the results of the quantitative research and a discussion of these results in Chapter 4. The fifth chapter is in the form of a second literature review that contains recommendations for improving the writing of deaf children. Following this, in Chapter 6, is a discussion of some of the theory behind interview interaction, as well as an analysis of how to develop a valid study. The researcher also sets out the interview structure. The seventh chapter contains a discussion of the findings of the interview to see if they confirm the findings in Chapter 5, as well as overall conclusions about assisting deaf children with their writing, a reflection on the study as a whole and suggestions for future research. This study argues that in order for deaf children in South Africa to develop their writing, immediate government assistance is necessary in order to implement countrywide newborn hearing screening, followed by medical and/or language-based ii intervention to minimise the impact of deafness on the language and writing abilities of deaf children. This is an essential foundation from which parents and teachers can build and play a key role in helping their children reach age-appropriate levels of written English.

See Afrikaans / Dissertation (M(Communication Pathology))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / unrestricted

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