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Combater as secas e defender as florestas a natureza nos desafios da ci?ncia e da t?cnica para modernizar o Brasil (1889 a 1934)Nobre, Paulo Jos? Lisboa 13 April 2012 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2012-04-13 / In the first decades of 20th century the just instituted Brazilian Republic faced the challenge
to modernize the country. Considering that the progress was associated with the exhaustion of
the forest reserves and with climatic changes, two big issues were seen as fundamental: To
Fight the Droughts and To Defend the Forests; headed by professionals who were dedicated
to these ideals. This research starts from the premise that these were the main challenges
enforced by nature to the Brazilian development; the general objective was delimited in the
search to understand the meaning and the conception of the natural world by this group of
professionals who faced the shock between modernizing the country and conserving its
natural resources. Aiming to contribute with the construction of the Brazilian environmental
history and to bring historical elements to the debate about the environment in the country, the
author concentrates his attention to the analyses, the discussions and the actions that preceded
the regulation on the use of natural resources and the implementation of the environmental
legislation in Brazil, occurred in 1934. The investigation uses as methodological basis the
theoretical directions of environmental history, using sources of data still little explored and
valued. In such way, it is taken as starting point some published papers about this subject
during the period between 1889 and 1934 in two technical magazines the Revista Brazil
Ferro-Carril and the Revista do Club de Engenharia. National engineering played a basic role
in this process while arguing, projecting and constructing the development. The formulated
proposals, after being divulged, had fomented the interchange with other professionals and
had favored the advance of ambient questions in Brazil, in the sense to preserve natural
resources, to construct more harmonic relations between the society and the nature and to
equate the development with the environment preservation / Nas primeiras d?cadas do s?culo XX a rec?m institu?da Rep?blica brasileira enfrentou o
desafio de modernizar o pa?s. Considerando que o progresso estava associado ao esgotamento
das reservas florestais e ?s altera??es clim?ticas, duas grandes quest?es se destacaram como
fundamentais: Combater as Secas e Defender as Florestas; encampadas por profissionais que
se dedicaram a esses ideais. Esta investiga??o parte da premissa que esses foram os principais
desafios impostos pela natureza ao desenvolvimento brasileiro. O objetivo geral foi
delimitado na busca por entender a acep??o e a concep??o do mundo natural por esse
conjunto de profissionais diante do embate entre modernizar o pa?s e conservar os recursos
naturais. Visando contribuir com a constru??o da hist?ria ambiental brasileira e trazer
elementos hist?ricos ao debate sobre o meio ambiente no pa?s, debru?a-se sobre as an?lises, as
discuss?es e a??es que antecederam a regulamenta??o do uso dos recursos naturais e a
implementa??o da legisla??o ambiental no Brasil, ocorrida em 1934. A investiga??o tem
como aporte metodol?gico as dire??es te?ricas da hist?ria ambiental, utilizando fontes de
dados pouco exploradas e valorizadas. Para tanto, toma-se como ponto de partida os artigos
publicados sobre o tema no per?odo de 1889 a 1934 em dois peri?dicos t?cnicos a Revista
Brazil Ferro-Carril e a Revista do Club de Engenharia. A engenharia nacional teve papel
fundamental nesse processo ao discutir, projetar e construir o desenvolvimento. As propostas
formuladas, ao serem divulgadas, fomentaram o intercambio com outros profissionais e
favoreceram o avan?o das quest?es ambientais no Brasil, no sentido de preservar os recursos
naturais, construir rela??es mais harm?nicas entre a sociedade e a natureza e equacionar o
desenvolvimento e a preserva??o ambiental
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