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AD/HD hos flickor : Vuxna kvinnors erfarenheter av att växa upp med AD/HDSturesson, Ewa-Maria, Stewart, Matilda January 2009 (has links)
Flickor med AD/HD upptäcks ofta inte i tid vilket kan ge konsekvenser inom flera områden under uppväxten. Syftet med denna uppsats var att bidra till en ökad förståelse kring hur diagnosen AD/HD kan påverka livet under uppväxten för flickor. Sex vuxna kvinnor med AD/HD intervjuades för denna studies syfte. Studien grundade sig i kvalitativ metod med hjälp av fenomenologisk tolkning samt meningskoncentrering vid sammanställning och analys av intervjumaterialet. Undersökningen fokuserade på sex centrala teman; diagnosens betydelse, skola, fritid, familjen, jämnåriga relationer och självuppfattning. Resultatet förtydligade att dessa centrala teman är betydelsefulla områden för en flicka med AD/HD under uppväxten. Ett fastställande av diagnosen AD/HD spelar en central roll gällande förståelse och hjälp från omgivningen. Studien visade på att flickor med AD/HD har vissa svårigheter i relationer till lärare, jämnåriga samt familj under uppväxten. För majoriteten av respondenterna har mamman varit det viktigaste stödet under uppväxten. Det har framkommit att familj och lärare har svårt att förstå samt att hantera flickor med AD/HD. Flickor med AD/HD har olika grad av svårigheter och tillgångar i skolarbetet samt i vardagen. I studien framgick det att undervisningsformen har betydelse för en flicka med AD/HD. Självuppfattningen hos en flicka med AD/HD kan påverkas av samhällets syn på hur en flicka ska vara. I studien framgick det tydligt att flertalet av respondenterna upplevt sig som en pojkflicka under uppväxten. Studien visade även på förekomst av psykisk ohälsa hos flickor med AD/HD under uppväxten.
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Understanding the Self-efficacy for Learning Beliefs of Adolescents with ADHDMajor, Ashley 11 August 2011 (has links)
This study examined the self-efficacy for learning beliefs of male and female youth with ADHD, and explored whether symptoms of inattention predict self-efficacy beliefs beyond internalizing symptoms and academic achievement. Thirty-one youth with ADHD (18 males, 13 females) and 31 youth without ADHD (17 males, 14 females) between the ages of 13 and 18 completed self-report questionnaires examining self-efficacy for learning, ADHD symptomatology, academic achievement, and internalizing problems. Results indicated that female youth with ADHD felt less confident in their ability to regulate their learning effectively. In addition, regression analyses with the full sample revealed that inattention predicted self-efficacy for learning beliefs beyond internalizing difficulties and academic achievement. These results suggest that youth reporting high levels of inattention may also have lower perceptions of their ability to accomplish many academic tasks that require self-regulation.
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Evaluation of a Working Memory Training Program in Adolescents with Severe Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning DisabilitiesGray, Sarah 29 November 2011 (has links)
Working memory (WM), which is essential for many academic skills, has been found to predict inattentive behaviours and is a common deficit in ADHD and LD. Recent studies have suggested that WM can be improved by intensive and adaptive computerized training. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a WM training program on WM, attention, behaviour and academics in adolescents with severe LD/ADHD. A total of 60 12 to 17 year olds with ADHD/LD were randomised to one of two computerized intervention programs: working memory training or math training and evaluated before and at three weeks after completion. Adolescents in the WM training group showed greater improvements in some measures of WM than those in the Math training group, but no training effects were observed on any other measures. Findings are discussed in the context of theoretical and practical implications of WM training.
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Understanding the Self-efficacy for Learning Beliefs of Adolescents with ADHDMajor, Ashley 11 August 2011 (has links)
This study examined the self-efficacy for learning beliefs of male and female youth with ADHD, and explored whether symptoms of inattention predict self-efficacy beliefs beyond internalizing symptoms and academic achievement. Thirty-one youth with ADHD (18 males, 13 females) and 31 youth without ADHD (17 males, 14 females) between the ages of 13 and 18 completed self-report questionnaires examining self-efficacy for learning, ADHD symptomatology, academic achievement, and internalizing problems. Results indicated that female youth with ADHD felt less confident in their ability to regulate their learning effectively. In addition, regression analyses with the full sample revealed that inattention predicted self-efficacy for learning beliefs beyond internalizing difficulties and academic achievement. These results suggest that youth reporting high levels of inattention may also have lower perceptions of their ability to accomplish many academic tasks that require self-regulation.
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Evaluation of a Working Memory Training Program in Adolescents with Severe Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning DisabilitiesGray, Sarah 29 November 2011 (has links)
Working memory (WM), which is essential for many academic skills, has been found to predict inattentive behaviours and is a common deficit in ADHD and LD. Recent studies have suggested that WM can be improved by intensive and adaptive computerized training. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a WM training program on WM, attention, behaviour and academics in adolescents with severe LD/ADHD. A total of 60 12 to 17 year olds with ADHD/LD were randomised to one of two computerized intervention programs: working memory training or math training and evaluated before and at three weeks after completion. Adolescents in the WM training group showed greater improvements in some measures of WM than those in the Math training group, but no training effects were observed on any other measures. Findings are discussed in the context of theoretical and practical implications of WM training.
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Are Executive Function Difficulties Reported by Parents and Teachers Associated with Elevated Levels of Parenting Stress for Children Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, with and without Oppositional Defiant Disorder?McLuckie, Alan 10 January 2012 (has links)
Parents raising children with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience high levels of parenting stress, especially when ADHD is accompanied by comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ADHD/ODD). Children with ADHD experience difficulties with their executive functions in such areas as inhibition control, working memory, and emotional regulation. Despite evidence linking ADHD with parenting stress, and ADHD with executive function difficulties (EFDs), there is little research exploring whether EFDs within an ADHD population are associated with parenting stress. This dissertation’s main objective is to determine whether parent-reported and teacher-reported childhood EFDs are associated with elevated levels of parenting stress. A secondary data analysis was completed on a cross-section of parent and teacher completed psychiatric assessment measures for children (n=243) diagnosed with ADHD. Measures included the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale and the Parenting Stress Index, Long Form.
A number of important findings were produced; key of which was the finding that a strong association exists between parent-reported EFDs and Child Domain parenting stress. Consistent with prior ADHD research, difficulties with emotional control and inhibition were found to be potent predictors of Child Domain parenting stress. To a lesser degree, children’s difficulties with initiation and self-monitoring were associated with Child Domain parenting stress, suggesting that daily hassles pose challenges for parents, especially when the child attends a new school. Also important was the finding that parent-reported oppositionality partially mediated the relationship between EFDs with emotional control, inhibition and shift, and Child Domain parenting stress. Despite teachers’ reports that children displayed more severe behaviours than were reported by parents, teacher-reported EFDs were not significantly associated with Child Domain parenting stress, with a few exceptions. Although not a well-explored concept within the literature on ADHD and parenting stress, parental acceptance of the child emerged as source of Child Domain parenting stress and a potential focus for assessment and treatment. Findings from the current study suggest that early identification and intervention with emotional control difficulties and ODD are vital due to their strong association with clinically significant levels of Child Domain parenting stress.
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Are Executive Function Difficulties Reported by Parents and Teachers Associated with Elevated Levels of Parenting Stress for Children Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, with and without Oppositional Defiant Disorder?McLuckie, Alan 10 January 2012 (has links)
Parents raising children with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience high levels of parenting stress, especially when ADHD is accompanied by comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ADHD/ODD). Children with ADHD experience difficulties with their executive functions in such areas as inhibition control, working memory, and emotional regulation. Despite evidence linking ADHD with parenting stress, and ADHD with executive function difficulties (EFDs), there is little research exploring whether EFDs within an ADHD population are associated with parenting stress. This dissertation’s main objective is to determine whether parent-reported and teacher-reported childhood EFDs are associated with elevated levels of parenting stress. A secondary data analysis was completed on a cross-section of parent and teacher completed psychiatric assessment measures for children (n=243) diagnosed with ADHD. Measures included the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale and the Parenting Stress Index, Long Form.
A number of important findings were produced; key of which was the finding that a strong association exists between parent-reported EFDs and Child Domain parenting stress. Consistent with prior ADHD research, difficulties with emotional control and inhibition were found to be potent predictors of Child Domain parenting stress. To a lesser degree, children’s difficulties with initiation and self-monitoring were associated with Child Domain parenting stress, suggesting that daily hassles pose challenges for parents, especially when the child attends a new school. Also important was the finding that parent-reported oppositionality partially mediated the relationship between EFDs with emotional control, inhibition and shift, and Child Domain parenting stress. Despite teachers’ reports that children displayed more severe behaviours than were reported by parents, teacher-reported EFDs were not significantly associated with Child Domain parenting stress, with a few exceptions. Although not a well-explored concept within the literature on ADHD and parenting stress, parental acceptance of the child emerged as source of Child Domain parenting stress and a potential focus for assessment and treatment. Findings from the current study suggest that early identification and intervention with emotional control difficulties and ODD are vital due to their strong association with clinically significant levels of Child Domain parenting stress.
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Flickor och fenomenet ADHD- är diagnosticering missgynnande för flickor? : En kvalitativ studie ur professionella behandlares perspektiv.Arreström, Sofia January 2012 (has links)
Syftet med denna studie är att analysera och beskriva fenomenet -flickor med ADHD. I studien undersöks professionella behandlares upplevelser kring fenomenet flickor med ADHD, utifrån de flickor de mött under sitt yrkespraktiserande och uppmärksamma orsaker som lyfts fram för att förklara varför flickor med ADHD upptäcks mer sällan och i många fall senare än pojkar med ADHD och vilka konsekvenser detta kan leda till. Denna kandidatuppsats har genomförts med kvalitativ metod genom intervjuer med tre professionella behandlare som i sitt dagliga arbete möter flickor som fått diagnosen ADHD. Den tidigare forskningen som tas upp i studien syftar till att ge läsaren en inblick i och förståelse för vad en ADHD- diagnos innebär och hur diskussionerna kring ADHD ser ut i dagsläget. Analysen av det insamlade materialet utgår från tre teoretiska inriktningar. Dessa är Antonovskys teori om KASAM, stigma-/ stämplingsteorin och diagnossociologin. Studien fann att det är viktigt för flickorna som lever med ADHD att uppmärksammas i ett tidigt skede för att kunna lära sig att hantera de svårigheter en ADHD-diagnos kan innebära. Chanserna för ett välfungerande liv ökar om flickan och hennes omgivning får stöd och strategier för att lära sig leva med ADHD och därmed undvika att ADHD-diagnosen blir till något negativt. Det finns mycket positivt som kan komma av en ADHD-diagnos och det vill denna studie poängtera.
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Perplexities in Discrimination of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Specific Behaviors that may hold some AnswersHarrison, Judith R. 2009 May 1900 (has links)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a
source of diagnostic and intervention confusion and
uncertainty for practitioners and parents. Questions
creating some of the confusion were answered in a series of
three studies. The sample was parent and teacher behavioral
ratings for 389 children and 502 adolescents with ADHD and
3131 children and 3161 adolescents without ADHD in public
and private schools and mental health clinics in forty
states.
In the first study, data was derived from participant
T-scores on the Behavior Assessment System for Children (2nd
ed.) to evaluate the construct validity using first and
second order factor analyses. Sufficient construct
validity was established. In the second study, descriptive discriminant analyses
(DDA) and item level ANOVAs were used to investigate
whether behaviors that discriminate between the target
(i.e., ADHD) and comparison groups were associated with the
primary symptoms, comorbid conditions, functional
impairment, or some combination of the three. Analyses
were completed using subscale T-scores and individual item
scores from the target and comparison groups. Results were
compared to determine if the behaviors that discriminated
between the groups were consistent across developmental
stages and between parents and teachers as raters. Primary
symptoms, comorbid conditions, and functional impairment
explained the variance as rated by parents and teachers.
Primary symptoms were found to be the strongest
discriminators of children and adolescents as rated by
parents. Atypicality explained the largest variance
(72.25%) between children and learning problems explained
the largest variance (64.32%) between adolescents when
rated by teachers.
The third study was a literature review of
intervention studies to increase the academic performance
of youth with ADHD in light of the statistical significance
controversy. Fifty-one single subject and group design studies of academic, behavioral, multimodal and parent
training were found. Both sides of the statistical
significance controversy were summarized. The method of
result reporting for 23 group design studies was
investigated. Seventy-seven percent of the studies
reported results as ?significant? with 26% reporting effect
sizes. Researchers are encouraged to report effect sizes
and explicitly compare results to previous studies in order
to establish replicability for ease of educator
interpretation.
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Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and working memory in clinicaly [sic] referred adultsStearns, Cla January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1999. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80). Also available on the Internet.
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