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Submitted by Rodrigo Bernardes Freire null (rodrigobfreire@hotmail.com) on 2018-01-10T00:08:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PRIORIZAÇÃO DE ÁREAS PARA RESTAURAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA NA UGRHI 22 - PONTAL DO PARANAPANEMA, SÃO PAULO, BRASIL..pdf: 14384914 bytes, checksum: 32af02c1ae8e5e28e1490053a6884452 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Claudia Adriana Spindola null (claudia@fct.unesp.br) on 2018-01-10T11:59:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 freire_rb_me_prud.pdf: 14384914 bytes, checksum: 32af02c1ae8e5e28e1490053a6884452 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-10T11:59:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 freire_rb_me_prud.pdf: 14384914 bytes, checksum: 32af02c1ae8e5e28e1490053a6884452 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-02 / Este trabalho buscou identificar áreas para restauração ecológica dentro dos limites da UGRHI 22, localizada no Pontal do Paranapanema, na região oeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Essa região possui baixos índices de cobertura vegetal nativa, e, diante desse cenário que pode ocasionar desequilíbrio ambiental com prejuízo às atividades humanas e também devido às obrigações previstas em leis, faz-se necessário a definição de áreas nas quais as ações de restauração ecológica devem acontecer com prioridade. Para tanto, utilizou-se a metodologia de Combinação Linear Ponderada, em que as variáveis escolhidas são combinadas, atribuindo-se pesos para cada uma delas de forma a se obter o resultado final. Foram utilizados como fontes de informação e análise os dados de Fragilidade Natural à Erosão, Vulnerabilidade Natural dos Aquíferos à Poluição, Áreas de Preservação Permanente, Inventário Florestal, Conectividade do Estado de São Paulo, Unidades de Conservação e Áreas declaradas como prioritárias por outros instrumentos e definição dos pesos para as variáveis utilizadas foi feita a partir de uma matriz AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). Num primeiro momento, os dados foram combinados, gerando uma hierarquização em cinco classes, e partir dessa, foram destacadas as áreas com extensão superior a 5 hectares e que estivesse na classe de maior prioridade. Os resultados mostraram que há áreas prioritárias por toda extensão da UGRHI 22, com destaque para as APPs de forma geral e para as UPHs Baixo Paranapanema Margem Direita, Tributários do Rio Paraná e Santo Anastácio. Concluiu-se que os dados gerados representam adequadamente as áreas prioritárias na área da UGRHI e pela necessidade de implantação de projetos de restauração ecológica nos locais indicados. / This work aimed to identify areas for ecological restoration into the of UGRHI 22, located in Pontal do Paranapanema, in the western of the São Paulo State, Brazil. This region has low indices of native vegetation cover and, in face of this scenario that can cause environmental imbalance and affect human activities and also due to legal obligations, it is necessary to define areas in which ecological restorations actions must take place prioritarily. To achieve the results, the Weighted Linear Combination methodology was used, which means that the chosen variables are combined, and weights were assigned for each one of that. The definition of these weights was made by the application of and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) matrix and the data used as sources of information and to the analysis in this work were: Natural Fragility to Erosion, Natural Pollution Aquifer Vulnerability, Permanent Protection Area, Forest Inventory, Connectivity from the São Paulo State, Conservation Units and Areas that were declared as priority by other instruments. At first, the data were combined in order to generate a five classes hierarchy map, and then, the areas within the highest priority class and with extension larger than 5 hectares were selected. The final results showed that are priority areas throughout the extension of the UGRHI 22, with emphasis on the Permanent Protected Areas and the UPHs Right Margin of Lower Paranapanema, Tributaries of Parana River and Santo Anastacio. It was concluded that the results properly represent the priority areas in the UGRHI and the need to implement restoration projects in these places.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-06-08T18:34:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 leonardo_palhares_silveira.pdf: 3291160 bytes, checksum: 8416b4ead08288cf32df1bba07b4dbbf (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-06-22T15:21:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 leonardo_palhares_silveira.pdf: 3291160 bytes, checksum: 8416b4ead08288cf32df1bba07b4dbbf (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-22T15:21:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 leonardo_palhares_silveira.pdf: 3291160 bytes, checksum: 8416b4ead08288cf32df1bba07b4dbbf (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O uso inadequado do ambiente provoca uma quebra na din?mica natural do ecossistema, prejudicando-o de forma geral todos os elementos que o comp?e. Os espa?os naturais v?m sendo alvo de diversas atividades antr?picas, o que ocasiona uma s?rie de impactos ambientais. Dentre eles pode-se citar os dep?sitos de res?duos s?lidos a c?u aberto, passivos ambientais que necessitam de planos de recupera??o. A presen?a de banco de semente, pl?ntulas, brota??es e vegeta??o potencializam os processos de recupera??o, entretanto, a presen?a de esp?cies ex?ticas com car?ter invasor minimizam o processo devido a sua alta competitividade quando comparadas a esp?cies nativas, sobrevivendo e reproduzindo nas mais diversas condi??es de estresses ambientais. Neste sentido, foi escolhida como ?rea de estudo, o dep?sito de res?duos s?lidos de Diamantina, desativado em 2002, situado no Campus Juscelino Kubitscheck, da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, regi?o do Alto Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o melhor controle de gram?neas invasoras dos g?neros Melinis e Urochloa por meio de diferentes m?todos: manual, mec?nica, qu?mica e qu?mica + mec?nica, assim como a aplica??o de um m?todo n?o destrutivo, por meio de uso de imagens digitais analisadas pelo software ImageJ para an?lise do comportamento de tais esp?cies na ?rea degradada. Metodologicamente, conduziu-se o experimento por delineamento em blocos casualizados em 4 blocos, subdivididos em 16 parcelas com 4 tratamentos em cada e 4 repeti??es por bloco. A coleta da biomassa de gram?neas regenerantes frescas ocorreu ap?s 100 dias dos m?todos com aux?lio de uma moldura de ferro, com dimens?es de 1,0 x 1,0 m, em tr?s locais predefinidos em cada parcela, totalizando tr?s amostras coletadas por parcela e quarenta e oito amostras por bloco. As imagens utilizadas para an?lise e processamento no software ImageJ foram obtidas com a mesma moldura localizada nos locais predefinidos em cada parcela para os 4 blocos experimentais ap?s 100 dias dos diferentes tipos de m?todos. Os dados processados resultaram em uma varia??o entre os diferentes tipos de m?todos empregados. Obteve-se um menor controle na produ??o de biomassa fresca quando se utilizou controle mec?nico, seguido pela combina??o do m?todo mec?nico + qu?mico. Os m?todos qu?mico e manual apresentaram menores valores de produ??o de biomassa fresca enquanto a produ??o de mat?ria seca n?o apresentou diferen?a significativa estatisticamente. Os dados processados pelo software resultaram em n?tida varia??o entre os m?todos utilizados, com menor porcentagem de cobertura do substrato pelas esp?cies invasoras quando se utilizou controle qu?mico, seguido pelo m?todo manual. O m?todo mec?nico e tratamento qu?mico + mec?nico apresentaram os maiores percentuais de cobertura das esp?cies invasoras estatisticamente. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / The environment for the inappropriate use causes a break in the natural dynamics of the ecosystem, damaging it in general all the elements that compose it. Natural spaces come target of various human activities, which causes a number of environmental impacts. Among them we can mention the deposits of solid waste in the open, environmental liabilities that require recovery plans. The presence of seed bank, seedlings, shoots and vegetation in enhancing the recovery process, however, the presence of exotic species with invasive character minimize the process due to its high competitiveness when compared to native species, surviving and reproducing in various conditions environmental stresses. In this sense, it was chosen as the study area, the solid waste open dumping site of Diamantina town, disabled in 2002, located in the Campus Juscelino Kubitschek of the Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Upper Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais. This study aimed to evaluate the best control invasive grasses the Melinis and Urochloa genres through different methods: manual, mechanical, chemical and chemical + mechanical, as well as the application of a non-destructive method, through use of images digital analyzed by ImageJ software for analysis of such kinds of behavior in the degraded area. Methodologically, the experiment was conducted by a randomized block design in 4 blocks, divided into 16 plots with 4 treatments each and 4 replicates per block. The gathered of fresh biomass regenerating grasses occurred after 100 days of weeding with the help of a 1.0 x 1.0 m iron frame in three pre-defined locations in each plot, with three samples per plot and forty and eight samples per block. The images used for analysis in ImageJ software and processing were obtained with the same frame located at the predefined locations in each plot for experimental 4 block after 100 days the different methods. The processed data resulting in a variation between the different types of methods employed. It was obtained less control in the production of fresh biomass when using mechanical control, followed by combining the mechanical + chemical method was obtained. Chemical and manual methods had lower fresh biomass production values while the production of dry matter did not show statistically significant difference. The data processed by the software resulted in a sharp variation in the methods used, with a lower percentage of substrate coverage by invasive species when using chemical control, followed by the manual method. The mechanical method and chemical + mechanical treatment showed the highest percentage of coverage of invasive species statistically.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-12-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:40:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 merenda_amcmp_dr_botfca.pdf: 467436 bytes, checksum: f17bf2fb111c63ef6743bf01e2bbaea0 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O reservatório de Aimorés foi construído no Rio Doce próximo da divisa dos estados de Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo e vem sofrendo problemas com o profuso crescimento de plantas aquáticas desde seu enchimento em 2004. O presente trabalho é um dos estudos que compõe um projeto de manejo sustentado de macrófitas aquáticas neste corpo hídrico. Numa primeira parte foi estudada a composição específica e expressão geográfica da comunidade de macrófitas aquáticas no reservatório. Em seguida, foi analisada a composição química das principais espécies presentes no reservatório. As plantas foram coletadas mensalmente durante seis meses e analisadas para macro e micronutrientes. Em uma terceira etapa, sete espécies de macrófitas (as mais expressivas no reservatório) foram selecionadas para estudo sobre os efeitos das incorporações de 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0 t.ha-1 sobre as características químicas de solo degradado. Os experimentos de incubação foram conduzidos em sala climatizada pelo período de 35 dias. Em relação à composição especifica e colonização das macrófitas, as espécies Eichhornia crassipes e Salvinia molesta se destacaram como as duas populações mais importantes e que a colonização variou entre 39 e 93 ha, dependendo da época do ano e da atividade de retirada mecânica. Na medida em que a colonização de plantas flutuantes se estabilizou houve crescimento epifítico de Oxyscarium cubense e Paspalum repens sobre Salvinia spp e de Polygonum lapathifolium, Brachiaria subquadripara e Hymenachne amplexicaulis sobre E. crassipes.Quanto a composição química das principais macrófitas aquáticas, para alguns elementos como nitrogênio, fósforo e cobre não houve grande variação entre as espécies selecionadas. P. stratiotes foi a espécie que apresentou maiores concentrações... / The Aimorés reservoir was built in the Doce River, near the border of the states Minas Gerais and Espirito Santo and have been experiencing problems with the profuse growth of aquatic plants since its filling in 2004. This work is part of the studies of a project for sustainable management of aquatic macrophytes in this water body. In the first part it was studied the specific composition and geographic expression of the community of aquatic macrophytes in the reservoir. Afterwards, the chemical composition of the most important species in the reservoir was analysed. The plants were collected monthly during 6 months and analyzed for macro and micronutrients. In a third part, seven species of aquatic macrophyte were selected (the most important in Aimorés reservoir) to study the effect of the incorporation of 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 t/ha in a degraded soil during 35 days. Regarding the specific composition and colonization of aquatic macrophytes, the species Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia molesta were the populations more important in the reservoir. The aquatic weed colonization varied from 39 to 93 ha, depending on the season and the mechanical removal activity. As floating plants colonization were stabilized there was a epiphytic growth of Oxyscarium cubense and Paspalum repens on Salvinia spp banks and Polygonum lapathifolium, Brachiaria subquadripara and Hymenachne amplexicaulis on E. crassipes, increasing the biomass of macrophytes per unit of area. As for the chemical composition of the plants, some of the elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and copper was not there was great variation between the selected species. P. stratiotes was the species that presented the highest levels of calcium, potassium, magnesium and boron. P. repens highlighted in relation to levels of sulfu... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

A series of experiments was conducted to: 1) investigate how feeding cattle with different amounts of different-sized seeds affects seed passage rate through the digestive tract, and the germinability of passed seeds; 2) examine how the location of seeds in dungpats of different thicknesses influences seedling emergence , development, and survival in cattle dungpats; and 3) characterize seedling emergence in naturally and artificially deposited cattle dungpats . Three perennial , cool-season grasses, bluebunch wheatgrass [Psuedoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Love], Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda Presl.), and 'Hycrest' crested wheatgrass [Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) X A. cristatum (L.) Gaert.], were used as representative revegetation species for the Intermountain West region. When cattle were fed 60,000, 30,000, 15,000, and 7,500 seeds of bluebunch wheatgrass and Sandberg bluegrass, the recovery of passed seeds for both species declined as seed feeding levels decreased from 60,000 to 7,500 seeds per animal and as time after seed ingestion increased from 1 to 4 days. Sandberg bluegrass seeds had greater germinability than bluebunch wheatgrass seeds at all seed feeding levels and collection dates. In complementary greenhouse studies, artificially prepared cattle dungpats (20 cm diameter) with different thicknesses (1, 2, and 4 cm) were placed on a sandy loam soil (initially at field capacity) in large plastic containers. Pre-germinated seeds of blue bunch wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, and/or Hycrest crested wheatgrass were planted separately in the center and periphery of dungpats at heights (from bottom of dungpats) of 0.5 cm for 1-cm-thick dungpats, 0.5 and 1.5 cm for 2-cm-thick dungpats , and 0.5, 2.0, and 3.5 cm for 4-cm -thick dungpats. Half of the dungpat treatments received no supplemental water while the other half received additional water simulating a wet spring . After 60 days, seedling emergence, development , and survival for all species were greatest at the 0.5 cm planting height , regardless of dungpat thickness , and greatest in 1 cm-thick dungpats , regardless of planting height. Seedling emergence , development , and survival were greatest for Hycrest crested wheatgrass, followed by bluebunch wheatgrass and Sandberg bluegrass. In a field study, cattle dung containing passed seeds of blue bunch wheatgrass, Hycrest crested wheatgrass, and Sandberg bluegrass was formed into artificial dungpats (2 kg in mass) with thicknesses of 1, 2, and 4 cm, and respective diameters of 40, 28, and 20 cm, and deposited on bare soil. Cattle also deposited natural dungpats varying in mass, thickness, and diameter. Seedling emergence for all species decreased as artificial dungpat thickness increased from 1 to 4 cm, and was lowest in natural dungpats. Seedling emergence for all dungpat types was greatest for Hycrest crested wheatgrass, followed by Sandberg bluegrass and bluebunch wheatgrass. These studies indicate that: 1) cattle should be fed about 60,000 seeds ( of these grass species) per animal to pass sufficient germinable seed to establish at least one seedling in a dungpat; and 2) seedling emergence, development, and survival in cattle dungpats are greatly influenced by plant species (seeds) ingested, thickness of dungpats, seed location in dungpats, and moisture content of the soil underlying dungpats.

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One of the lasting concerns in audiology is the unexplained individual differences in speech perception performance even for individuals with similar audiograms. One proposal is that there are cognitive/perceptual individual differences underlying this vulnerability and that these differences are present in normal hearing (NH) individuals but do not reveal themselves in studies that use clear speech produced in quiet (because of a ceiling effect). However, previous studies have failed to uncover cognitive/perceptual variables that explain much of the variance in NH performance on more challenging degraded speech tasks. This lack of strong correlations may be due to either examining the wrong measures (e.g., working memory capacity) or to there being no reliable differences in degraded speech performance in NH listeners (i.e., variability in performance is due to measurement noise). The proposed project has 3 aims; the first, is to establish whether there are reliable individual differences in degraded speech performance for NH listeners that are sustained both across degradation types (speech in noise, compressed speech, noise-vocoded speech) and across multiple testing sessions. The second aim is to establish whether there are reliable differences in NH listeners' ability to adapt their phonetic categories based on short-term statistics both across tasks and across sessions; and finally, to determine whether performance on degraded speech perception tasks are correlated with performance on phonetic adaptability tasks, thus establishing a possible explanatory variable for individual differences in speech perception for NH and hearing impaired listeners.

Basierend auf der aktuellen Studienlage wurde versucht, Modellannahmen zum auditi- ven Sprachverständnisses weiter zu ergründen. Im Mittelpunkt stand dabei die Rolle des Gyrus angularis der sprachdominanten Hemisphäre bei der semantischen Integration von Worten in einen gegebenen Satzkontext. Zu diesem Zweck wurden 15 gesunde Proban- den mithilfe von repetitiver transkranieller Magnetstimulation (rTMS) in einem Sprach- verständnisexperiment untersucht. So konnte die funktionelle Relevanz der genannten Hirnregion in Abhängigkeit der Signalqualität des gehörten Satzes und des semanti- schen Kontextes untersucht werden. Zielparameter waren dabei der Anteil der korrekt wiederholten Wörter und Schlüsselwörter des Satzes sowie die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit.