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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Uma forma de apresentação da interpretação geométrica do logaritmo natural e estudo de algumas de suas propriedades

Felix, Rodrigo Aécio 23 March 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:29:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5207.pdf: 2792864 bytes, checksum: 28f811248a67049160cf6472a58ed303 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-23 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The objective of this work is to propose a sequence for teaching motivating and interesting knowledge construction logarithm. The vast majority of textbooks adopted by school teachers addresses this issue in the traditional way, with a definition (definition of logarithm as an exponent) less suitable for the construction of this significant concept, properties and seen by most students as nonsensical rules, imposed and often unproven. Besides this the mathematical demonstrations are increasingly less practiced with students due to poor posture currently adopted by many teachers, whose reasons are: teachers does not dominate them, they believe are not necessary or that students are unable to assimilate them. This attitude results in traditional classes whose results are disinterested and unmotivated students, contributing greatly to the current scenario of the schools, where many of them finish high school without even build this important mathematical concept in their minds. The teaching sequence was developed and applied according to the concepts of Engineering Curriculum, using computer programs Geogebra 4.2, Excel 2010 and Windows Scientific Calculator in a proposed six classes: the first aimed to present the project, highlighting the importance of logarithms and its applications, the latter performing an activity where students use computer programs to observe and perceive the geometric interpretation of the natural logarithm, and other classes where students performing activities, also through computer programs, should realize and conjecture properties logarithms. To achieve a good result, the three classes immediately following the implementation of the activities were aimed at socializing the results and demonstrations of the mathematical properties of logarithms, conjectured or not the students in this project. To finish, we applied a diagnostic assessment, in order to measure the efficiency of this project, that is, if he really contributed to the building of effective knowledge logarithmic in students involved. / O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma sequência didática motivadora e interessante na construção do conhecimento de logaritmo. A grande maioria dos livros didáticos adotados pelos professores do ensino médio aborda esse tema de forma tradicional, apresentando uma definição (definição de logaritmo como expoente) menos adequada à construção significativa deste conceito, e propriedades vistas por grande parte dos alunos como regras sem sentido, impostas e muitas vezes não demonstradas. Além disso, as demonstrações matemáticas estão sendo cada vez menos praticadas com os alunos, devido a uma postura inadequada adotada atualmente por muitos professores, cujas algumas razões são: os professores não as dominam, eles acreditam não serem necessárias ou que os alunos não têm condições de assimilá-las. Essa postura tem como consequência aulas tradicionais cujos resultados são alunos desinteressados e desmotivados, contribuindo muito com o cenário atual das escolas, onde muitos deles concluem o ensino médio sem sequer construir esse importante conceito matemático em suas mentes. A sequência didática foi desenvolvida e aplicada segundo as concepções da Engenharia Didática, utilizando os programas de computador Geogebra 4.2, Excel 2010 e Calculadora Científica do Windows, em uma proposta de seis aulas: a primeira destinada à apresentação do projeto, destacando a importância dos logaritmos e suas aplicações; a segunda, realizando uma atividade onde os alunos utilizam programas de computador para observarem e perceberem a interpretação geométrica do logaritmo natural; e as demais aulas realizando atividades onde os alunos, também através de programas de computador, devem perceber e conjecturar propriedades de logaritmos. Para atingir um bom resultado, as três aulas imediatamente posteriores à aplicação das atividades foram destinadas à socialização dos resultados obtidos e às demonstrações matemáticas das propriedades de logaritmos, conjecturadas ou não pelos alunos neste projeto. Para concluir, foi aplicada uma avaliação diagnóstica, com o intuito de mensurar a eficiência deste projeto, isto é, se ele realmente contribuiu para a construção efetiva do conhecimento logarítmico nos alunos envolvidos.
2

Katalog stanovišť vhodných pro přírodovědná pozorování v okrese Opava s využitím na 1. stupni ZŠ / The Catalogue of Convenient Stands for Natural Scientific Observation in Opava District with the Application at the Elementary School

Šebestová, Renata January 2019 (has links)
This diploma thesis serves as a foundation and guide for the pedagogical staff members to improve the teaching of natural science in the field at the first level of elementary schools in the district of Opava. The main aim and output of the thesis was to create a source material for teachers and their practice in preparing of the natural science excursions and walks in the terrain. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part deals with the description of the natural phenomenon of the district. It captures the specifics of the area and its landscape potential, it also includes an overview of didactic methods of teaching with use for scientific observation. The most important part consists of a catalog of stations suitable for nature walks and excursions, which should facilitate the search of accessible areas. Each catalog station has a thematic focus, its location and accessibility, brief characteristics and key terms are described. The practical part consists of pedagogical research and didactically compiled suggestions of practical activities serving as a guide for activities with pupils. Part of this is documentation of pedagogical practice during which selected catalog themes were tested. The set of documents for implemented excursions is structured in...

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