The Diploma Thesis deals with the problems of an estimate of the discount rate and the single parameters used especially in the two basic methods for its determination: the surcharge (premium) method and the CAPM model. In the first part there are presented the effects which influence the discount rate and thus also the method of its estimate. The second part of the thesis describes the surcharge (premium) method which includes an estimate of the riskfree rate, the risk premiums and the liquidity premium. The third part of the work is devoted to the CAPM model, and it is divided into two chapters. Firstly, the CAPM model is derived in chapter 3. Then, in chapter 4, there are presented the possibilities of estimate of its single parameters and premiums which are most frequently added to the basic CAPM model.

Public projects are still subject of heated discussions, especially with the respect to their efficiency that is usually not sufficient enough. In spite of existence of many ways how to increase their efficiency, it is readily possible to identify one fundamental criterion which is high-quality information for decision-making. It is important to deliver high-quality information to those who make decision in order to reduce wastage of the public funds on not efficient public projects. All substantial information about effects incurred by project's realization can be offered by the Cost-Benefit analysis. The Cost Benefit analysis should be prepared for each significant public project to prevent from realization of ineffective ones. It is essential to process each Cost-Benefit analysis in required qualitative level for making right decision. Purpose of this thesis is appraisal of usefulness of the Cost-Benefit analysis for specific purposes of the public sector and assessment of indexes used in the Analysis. In the thesis will be introduced public projects, related public sector and evaluation of public projects. Subsequently, the Cost-Benefit analysis itself will be presented as well as steps for processing high-quality Cost-Benefit analysis. The emphasis will be focused at discount rate and its determination, since I consider it as the critical issue of the Cost-Benefit analysis. A practical example of the Cost-Benefit analysis will be presented at the end of this thesis.

The diploma thesis deals with the effectiveness of chosen fundamental analysis valuation methods on a sample of stocks. The sample consists of stocks traded on the Prague Stock Exchange and on the New York Stock Exchange. The Czech part of the sample consists of stocks of ČEZ, Erste Group Bank, Komerční banka, Philip Morris ČR and Telefónica O2. The American part of the sample includes stocks of Coca Cola, General Electric, Intel, Southern Company and Bank of America. These stocks are valued by dividend discount models and cash-flow models stepwise to the end of the years 2005 and 2006. As regards the dividend models, the Gordon model, the three-stage model and the H-model are applied whereas within the cash-flow models the DCF equity method was chosen. The effectiveness of the valuation process was subsequently tested over the course of three years by comparing the particular stock returns and the returns of the market portfolio represented by market index. The evaluation of effectiveness is then done in terms of the absolute, the relative and the portfolio effectiveness.

This graduation theses provides on the basis of an analysis fundamental and technical investment recommendation regarding shares of ČEZ. In determining the internal value of shares are used dividend discount models, profit models and FCFE model. By comparing this value with the current share price is determined whether the stock is profitable investment or not. Technical analysis with utilization graphical methods and technical indicators are able to predict when the market occurs a situation in which an advantageous sale or purchase of share is.

The investor has to decide whether he realizes the investment in the biogas power plant Smržice with a certain installed capacity If implemented, the investor is entitled to the government-guaranteed purchase price of electricity fixed for 15 years. It is necessary to predict profits and cash flows of each period which are further used for dynamic investment evaluation methods for the purpose of investment decision making. The application of the net present value shows whether the investment project is acceptable or not. The sensitivity analysis is used to compare changes in inputs with its impact on the net present value. The biogas power plant Smržice is typical example of biogas power plants built in Czech Republic in 2011-12 due to the government economic support, so finally these conclusions are generalised for the whole branch of electricity production from biogas.

The diploma thesis is focused on the valuation of the company GSI distribution s. r. o. This company is the only authorized dealer of the personal transporters Segway in Czech Republic and it is the operator of one of the oldest rental agency of this transporters in Prague. The aim of the valuation is to estimate the market value of the company while using the methods of DCF entity. The main parts of the thesis are strategic and financial analysis, the estimated financial plan and at the end of this thesis is an estimated market value of the Company.

In this study we analyse relationship between classical approach to valuation of linear interest rate derivatives and post-crisis approach when the valuation better reflects credit and liquidity risk and economic costs of the transaction on top of the risk-free rate. We discuss the method of collateralization to diminish counterparty credit risk, its impact on derivatives pricing, and how overnight indexed swap (OIS) rates became market standard for discounting future derivatives' cash flows. We show that using one yield curve to both estimating the forward rates and discounting the expected future cash flows is no longer possible in arbitrage free market. We review in detail three fundamental interest rate derivatives (interest rate swap, basis swap and cross-currency swap) and we derive discount factors used for calculating the present value of expected future cash flows that are consistent with market quotes. We also investigate drivers behind basis spreads, in particular, credit and liquidity risk, and supply and demand forces, and show how they impact valuation of derivatives. We analyse Czech swap rates and propose an estimation of CZK OIS curve and approximate discount rates in case of cross-currency swaps. Finally, we discuss inflation markets and consistent valuation of inflation swaps.

The main objective was to create a normative model of determining the value of early stage for companies in the seed and start up stage. The model should be applicable to entrepreneurs and investors, taking into account the assessment of the value of qualitative factors. Another aim was to identify the significant factors affecting the value of early stage companies in the seed and start up stage, i.e. at a time when there are no or very little revenues. Based on a research among investors and other experts on the valuation of early stage companies and venture capital, the most significant factors were not only identified, but also determined by their weight. The quality of evaluating investment opportunities has a major impact on the profitability of the investor´s capital. Current knowledge of the key value drivers and the mechanisms of valuation can help businesses to set realistic expectations when trying to raise capital to finance the startup of the project. It is therefore necessary to provide a clear methodological framework applicable to both parties of investing. The actual research was divided into two phases - individual interviews with investors and questionnaires. It was confirmed that the most crucial factors are those associated with quality management and company founders.

This thesis is dedicated to theoretical solutions and practical application of valuation methods used for evaluation of young startup companies. The aim of this work is to provide readers with theoretical introduction into the startup scene, conceivable valuation approaches and their practical application on the startup followed by drawing conclusions and recommendations. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The first part deals with the theoretical foundations of startups, the analysis of the Czech startup scene and possible arguments for valuing startups. The thesis discusses the specific characteristics of startups and their impact on the valuation process. The theoretical part is concluded by an analysis of the theoretical methods for the startup value estimation. In the practical section, selected valuation methods are applied on a particular startup company operating in the Czech Republic. Finally, the practical part summarizes the problems and specifics that arise during the valuation process followed by recommendations for valuation practice.

This thesis deals with the issue of investment decision. The goal of thesis is to evaluate for the company owners optimal investment variant of predetermined investment opportunities. Thesis is divided into theoretical-methodological part, which summarizes all the methods and procedures and practical part. The practical part consists mainly of net present value calculations, which chosen input data will be afterwards analyzed by sensitivity test. Application of these apparatuses will reveal the best investment opportunity, respectively their combination