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No description available.

Os pressupostos da teoria do capital humano estabelecem que as pessoas se educam e que o principal efeito da educação é a mudança que ela provoca nas habilidades e conhecimentos de quem estuda. Quanto maior o nível de escolaridade alcançado, maior o desenvolvimento das habilidades cognitivas e de produtividade. A conseqüência prevista é uma melhora no nível de renda, na qualidade de vida e nas oportunidades profissionais e sociais. Tendo por base esse arcabouço teórico, o propósito geral desta pesquisa foi identificar e analisar as avaliações e percepções dos doutores em Ciências Contábeis, titulados pela FEA/USP, sobre as influências do doutorado nos seus desenvolvimentos e nas suas responsabilidades sociais. Os achados da pesquisa confirmaram as expectativas, explicações e previsões da teoria. Na percepção dos egressos, os 19 fatores possíveis de ser alterados que lhes foram apresentados, identificados na teoria do capital humano e levantados em duas aplicações da técnica Delphi, foram substancialmente influenciados com a titulação. Foram eles: respeitabilidade e reconhecimento acadêmico/profissional, diferenciação profissional, espírito acadêmico, amadurecimento pessoal, produção acadêmica, oportunidades na carreira, autonomia profissional, habilidades cognitivas, competências analíticas, empregabilidade, prestígio, produtividade, mobilidade profissional, responsabilidade social, status, remuneração, promoção social, estabilidade profissional e estilo de vida, em ordem de classificação estabelecida pelos respondentes do questionário. Todos os 19 fatores foram muito bem avaliados pelos egressos, suportando a tese estabelecida de que cursar o Doutorado em Ciências Contábeis influencia positivamente no desenvolvimento profissional e social do indivíduo, conforme preconiza a teoria do capital humano. A condução desta pesquisa resultou em um volume expressivo de dados que permitiram, ainda, traçar um perfil demográfico e profissiográfico dos egressos do Doutorado em Ciências Contábeis da FEA/USP, levantando também suas contribuições acadêmicas. Mesmo sendo poucos os possuidores do título de doutor em Ciências Contábeis quando confrontados com os mais de 700 cursos de Ciências Contábeis, 159 titulados até 31/12/2005, uma parte significativa mantém a principal atividade remunerada vinculada ao mercado. Se considerarmos que o objetivo principal do doutoramento é a qualificação para a docência e a formação de pesquisadores, este não vem cumprindo integralmente seu papel. Os resultados evidenciam que o Doutorado em Ciências Contábeis tem encontrado sua principal clientela entre homens casados que desenvolvem suas atividades junto ao mercado, em grande parte oriundos de São Paulo e do próprio Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis da FEA/USP, e que a maioria de seus egressos permanece em São Paulo atuando na academia. Titulam-se, em média, aos 42 anos e, ao ingressarem, buscavam seguir ou aprimorar a carreira de pesquisador. Parece que essa motivação foi delegada a segundo plano após a sua conclusão, pois cerca de 30,0% dos pesquisadores nunca publicaram um artigo científico em periódicos ou eventos ou, se o fizeram, foi feito antes de 31/12/2004. Mesmo motivados pela obtenção de mais conhecimento quando do ingresso no doutorado (a maioria dos doutores declarou que esse fator pesou muito nas suas decisões em fazer o doutorado), parece não ser intenção dos egressos disseminá-lo. Uma outra motivação que conduziu os respondentes ao doutorado (a maior parte deles declarou que essa motivação teve um peso de médio a alto) foi a obtenção de melhor nível de renda. E, nesse ponto, alcançaram pleno êxito. Os efeitos da titulação sobre os rendimentos são bastante acentuados. De uma forma geral, o que se percebe é que, quando almejavam a titulação, estavam em busca de aprimoramento profissional, ampliação de oportunidades e competitividade no desenvolvimento de suas atividades, prestígio, conhecimentos e melhoria na renda. Características essas que, acreditavam, a escolaridade diferenciada lhes traria, e trouxe. Os egressos demonstram grande satisfação quanto às contribuições do doutorado para as atividades que desenvolvem atualmente, dentro do escopo avaliado pela pesquisa. / The assumptions pertaining to the human capital theory establish that people study, and that the main result of education is the change it grants to the abilities and knowledge of those who study. The higher the education level, the more one is rewarded with the development of cognitive abilities and productivity results. The anticipated consequence is the improvement in income, life quality and professional and social opportunities. Based on this theoretical framework, this research aimed at identifying and analyzing the evaluations and views that holders of a PhD degree in Accounting Sciences from FEA/USP have on the influence of this degree on their social responsibilities and progress. The findings substantiate the expectations, explanations and predictions of the theory. According to graduates from this program, the 19 factors that might possibly have been altered and were presented to them, were identified by the human capital theory and recognized in two applications of the Delphi technique, were substantially influenced by the title. They were: respectability and academic/professional acknowledgement, professional distinctiveness, academic spirit, personal growth, academic production, career opportunities, professional autonomy, cognitive abilities, analytical competence, employability, prestige, productivity, professional mobility, social responsibility, status, earnings, social improvement, professional stability and lifestyle, in accordance with the order established by the respondents. The 19 factors were very well evaluated by the PhD holders, and give support to the thesis that holding a PhD degree in Accounting Sciences influences the professional and social development in a positive manner, which goes hand in hand with the human capital theory. This research resulted in an impressive amount of data that also allowed for the drawing of the demographic and professional profile of those who had obtained the degree in Accounting Sciences at FEA/USP, together with their academic contribution. Even not being in a high number when compared to the number in some other 700 institutions ? 159 PhD holders as of December 31st 2005, a significant number still keeps their main income activity connected with the market. If we consider that the main purposes of the acquisition of the degree are teaching qualification and the building of researchers, the PhD has not been fully accomplishing its mission. The results show that the PhD in Accounting Sciences has found its place mainly among married men who perform in the market, mostly coming from Sao Paulo, and from the FEA/USP Post Graduation Program on Accounting Sciences, and the majority of its graduates remain in Sao Paulo, working in the academic area. In the average, they finish their degree around 42 years of age and intended to follow or enhance research skills when they first started. It seems this motivation decreases after the degree is a reality, for around 30% of the researchers never published a scientific article in journals or events, and if this has been done, it happened before December 31st, 2004. Even motivated by the acquisition of more knowledge when entering the program (most PhD holders declared that this fact weighed in favor of their decision toward the PhD), it seems this is not something to be disseminated by the graduates. Another motivation driving the respondents (most declared this motivation to have medium or high weight in the decision toward the PhD) was the achievement of a higher income level. This pursuit was fully satisfied. The effects of the title on income are outstanding. In general, it is possible to notice that when those people were first willing to achieve the degree, they were in search of professional improvement; expansion of opportunities and competitiveness in the accomplishment of their activities; prestige; knowledge and better income. These, they believed, would be brought by better schooling. And that was so. The findings of this research show that they demonstrate great appreciation for the contributions of the PhD degree to the activities they currently perform.

Thesis advisor: Heather Rowan-Kenyon / This study's purpose was to compare the lived experiences of doctoral women studying Education, a prototypically female field, with women studying Engineering, a prototypically male field to illustrate the phenomenon of doctoral degree progress in the two fields. Using critical feminist theory and Valian's (1999) concept of gender schemas, this study examined doctoral education culture in Education and Engineering and how these cultures influence women's doctoral student experiences and in turn their degree progress (Tong, 2009). Although women represent over 50% of doctoral student enrollment and degrees earned, gender disparities exist in Education and Engineering. Once enrolled, women are proportionally more likely to complete Education doctorates and less likely to complete Engineering doctorates (Council of Graduate Schools, 2008; Gonzales, Allum, and Sowell, 2013; Nettles and Millett, 2006). This trend is important because it implies there is something about Education and Engineering doctoral environments that make them more and less conducive for women's success, respectively (Gardner and Mendoza, 2010). This study used a qualitative interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach to capture the essence of women's doctoral degree progress by interpreting the lived experiences of 10 Education and 11 Engineering doctoral women (Smith, Flowers, and Larkin, 2009). After 63 in-depth interviews and two focus groups, four themes emerged. Overall, the Education women reported fewer positive doctoral experiences and more barriers to degree progress than the Engineering women due to the funding and research assistantship structure, the faculty advisor relationship, and the department environment. Both groups of women described doctoral education culture as proactive, independent, and competitive - characteristics more consistent with masculine gender schemas. Doctoral education culture also reflected the feminine gender schemas of flexibility and collegiality/collaboration, which were more apparent in the prototypically masculine Engineering field than in the prototypically feminine Education field. Implications for how doctoral education can be re-conceptualized, delivered, and researched are provided, calling for the incorporation of more feminine gender schemas into doctoral education culture in order to promote and achieve gender equity. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

No description available.

No description available.

Os pressupostos da teoria do capital humano estabelecem que as pessoas se educam e que o principal efeito da educação é a mudança que ela provoca nas habilidades e conhecimentos de quem estuda. Quanto maior o nível de escolaridade alcançado, maior o desenvolvimento das habilidades cognitivas e de produtividade. A conseqüência prevista é uma melhora no nível de renda, na qualidade de vida e nas oportunidades profissionais e sociais. Tendo por base esse arcabouço teórico, o propósito geral desta pesquisa foi identificar e analisar as avaliações e percepções dos doutores em Ciências Contábeis, titulados pela FEA/USP, sobre as influências do doutorado nos seus desenvolvimentos e nas suas responsabilidades sociais. Os achados da pesquisa confirmaram as expectativas, explicações e previsões da teoria. Na percepção dos egressos, os 19 fatores possíveis de ser alterados que lhes foram apresentados, identificados na teoria do capital humano e levantados em duas aplicações da técnica Delphi, foram substancialmente influenciados com a titulação. Foram eles: respeitabilidade e reconhecimento acadêmico/profissional, diferenciação profissional, espírito acadêmico, amadurecimento pessoal, produção acadêmica, oportunidades na carreira, autonomia profissional, habilidades cognitivas, competências analíticas, empregabilidade, prestígio, produtividade, mobilidade profissional, responsabilidade social, status, remuneração, promoção social, estabilidade profissional e estilo de vida, em ordem de classificação estabelecida pelos respondentes do questionário. Todos os 19 fatores foram muito bem avaliados pelos egressos, suportando a tese estabelecida de que cursar o Doutorado em Ciências Contábeis influencia positivamente no desenvolvimento profissional e social do indivíduo, conforme preconiza a teoria do capital humano. A condução desta pesquisa resultou em um volume expressivo de dados que permitiram, ainda, traçar um perfil demográfico e profissiográfico dos egressos do Doutorado em Ciências Contábeis da FEA/USP, levantando também suas contribuições acadêmicas. Mesmo sendo poucos os possuidores do título de doutor em Ciências Contábeis quando confrontados com os mais de 700 cursos de Ciências Contábeis, 159 titulados até 31/12/2005, uma parte significativa mantém a principal atividade remunerada vinculada ao mercado. Se considerarmos que o objetivo principal do doutoramento é a qualificação para a docência e a formação de pesquisadores, este não vem cumprindo integralmente seu papel. Os resultados evidenciam que o Doutorado em Ciências Contábeis tem encontrado sua principal clientela entre homens casados que desenvolvem suas atividades junto ao mercado, em grande parte oriundos de São Paulo e do próprio Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis da FEA/USP, e que a maioria de seus egressos permanece em São Paulo atuando na academia. Titulam-se, em média, aos 42 anos e, ao ingressarem, buscavam seguir ou aprimorar a carreira de pesquisador. Parece que essa motivação foi delegada a segundo plano após a sua conclusão, pois cerca de 30,0% dos pesquisadores nunca publicaram um artigo científico em periódicos ou eventos ou, se o fizeram, foi feito antes de 31/12/2004. Mesmo motivados pela obtenção de mais conhecimento quando do ingresso no doutorado (a maioria dos doutores declarou que esse fator pesou muito nas suas decisões em fazer o doutorado), parece não ser intenção dos egressos disseminá-lo. Uma outra motivação que conduziu os respondentes ao doutorado (a maior parte deles declarou que essa motivação teve um peso de médio a alto) foi a obtenção de melhor nível de renda. E, nesse ponto, alcançaram pleno êxito. Os efeitos da titulação sobre os rendimentos são bastante acentuados. De uma forma geral, o que se percebe é que, quando almejavam a titulação, estavam em busca de aprimoramento profissional, ampliação de oportunidades e competitividade no desenvolvimento de suas atividades, prestígio, conhecimentos e melhoria na renda. Características essas que, acreditavam, a escolaridade diferenciada lhes traria, e trouxe. Os egressos demonstram grande satisfação quanto às contribuições do doutorado para as atividades que desenvolvem atualmente, dentro do escopo avaliado pela pesquisa. / The assumptions pertaining to the human capital theory establish that people study, and that the main result of education is the change it grants to the abilities and knowledge of those who study. The higher the education level, the more one is rewarded with the development of cognitive abilities and productivity results. The anticipated consequence is the improvement in income, life quality and professional and social opportunities. Based on this theoretical framework, this research aimed at identifying and analyzing the evaluations and views that holders of a PhD degree in Accounting Sciences from FEA/USP have on the influence of this degree on their social responsibilities and progress. The findings substantiate the expectations, explanations and predictions of the theory. According to graduates from this program, the 19 factors that might possibly have been altered and were presented to them, were identified by the human capital theory and recognized in two applications of the Delphi technique, were substantially influenced by the title. They were: respectability and academic/professional acknowledgement, professional distinctiveness, academic spirit, personal growth, academic production, career opportunities, professional autonomy, cognitive abilities, analytical competence, employability, prestige, productivity, professional mobility, social responsibility, status, earnings, social improvement, professional stability and lifestyle, in accordance with the order established by the respondents. The 19 factors were very well evaluated by the PhD holders, and give support to the thesis that holding a PhD degree in Accounting Sciences influences the professional and social development in a positive manner, which goes hand in hand with the human capital theory. This research resulted in an impressive amount of data that also allowed for the drawing of the demographic and professional profile of those who had obtained the degree in Accounting Sciences at FEA/USP, together with their academic contribution. Even not being in a high number when compared to the number in some other 700 institutions ? 159 PhD holders as of December 31st 2005, a significant number still keeps their main income activity connected with the market. If we consider that the main purposes of the acquisition of the degree are teaching qualification and the building of researchers, the PhD has not been fully accomplishing its mission. The results show that the PhD in Accounting Sciences has found its place mainly among married men who perform in the market, mostly coming from Sao Paulo, and from the FEA/USP Post Graduation Program on Accounting Sciences, and the majority of its graduates remain in Sao Paulo, working in the academic area. In the average, they finish their degree around 42 years of age and intended to follow or enhance research skills when they first started. It seems this motivation decreases after the degree is a reality, for around 30% of the researchers never published a scientific article in journals or events, and if this has been done, it happened before December 31st, 2004. Even motivated by the acquisition of more knowledge when entering the program (most PhD holders declared that this fact weighed in favor of their decision toward the PhD), it seems this is not something to be disseminated by the graduates. Another motivation driving the respondents (most declared this motivation to have medium or high weight in the decision toward the PhD) was the achievement of a higher income level. This pursuit was fully satisfied. The effects of the title on income are outstanding. In general, it is possible to notice that when those people were first willing to achieve the degree, they were in search of professional improvement; expansion of opportunities and competitiveness in the accomplishment of their activities; prestige; knowledge and better income. These, they believed, would be brought by better schooling. And that was so. The findings of this research show that they demonstrate great appreciation for the contributions of the PhD degree to the activities they currently perform.

The American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) population is challenged with diverse learning styles, high-risk behaviors, low economic status, low enrollment predictions, lower total education achievement, or lower graduate level higher education. However, AI/AN doctoral degree recipients may be successful due to diverse sources of support. Data from 1992 to 2002 SED was analyzed using Chi square tests to observe the trends of the total number of AI/AN women receiving doctoral degree compared to trends to African-American/Black, Hispanic, Asian, White, Other / Unknown women doctoral degree recipients. A two-way contingency table analysis was conducted to compare the difference in the total number of AI/AN female doctoral degree students with female doctoral degree recipients in other races. The Asian, White, and Other/Unknown were found to be significant in total number of doctoral degree recipients when compared to AI/AN population from 1992 to 2002, year to year. In a follow-up pair wise comparison conducted to evaluate these differences between consecutive years for the groups only the Other/Unknown category was significant. In addition, each race experienced a decline in the total female doctoral degree recipients during 1999 to 2002. However, the AI/AN female doctoral degree recipient group experienced the most drastic decreases, - 26.9 percent from 1999 to 2000. More AI/AN women are enrolled in colleges however they may be inadequately prepared to progress to doctoral programs due to poor availability of sources of support. Therefore, a survey questionnaire was designed to provide descriptive information on sources of social, emotional, academic, and professional support that was available for AI/AN women doctoral degree recipients. On the survey sources of social, emotional, academic, and professional support during graduate school were asked to be selected from: Committee Chair, Committee Member, Graduate Faculty, Graduate Colleagues, Other Faculty, Spouse/partner, Family, Employer, Friend, Tribal Group, Elder, Mentor, or Other. All sources of support that applied were selected, as well as, top three main sources. Forty-six surveys were completed, and the most frequent source (91 percent) and most common primary source (41 percent) of support selected for survey respondents was their Committee Chair. The survey data analysis offers observations of frequencies of this scarcely studied population.

No description available.

The aim of the thesis is to find out, what was the initial motive for the study of the doctoral program and what are the types of motivations and barriers in further education of adults in doctoral studies. The theoretical part is based on the concept of lifelong learning and lifelong learning. It defines the concept of further education of adults, which needs to be defined to anchor the topic in the work. It focuses on doctoral studies, phases during doctoral studies, related strategic documents, legislation and available research surveys, that focus on motivation and barriers. Another important part of the work is to define the motive, motivation, types of motivation in relation to the adult, which is part of further adult education. Barriers are viewed in terms of available research. The practical part is based on a quantitative and descriptive study examining motivations and barriers across the disciplines to pursue a doctoral degree, which was carried out in the form of a questionnaire survey. The research survey is aimed at doctoral students, who have already interrupted primary education and are returning to study after at least a one-year break. They find out, what motive led them to return to study and how they are influenced by internal and external motivation. They also find out, what...