This thesis includes solving the domain of the function of two variables. Each problems solution is described in detail and supplemented with a picture. The problems are sorted by thematically complex and diffculty.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:51:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / A reutilização de software - o processo de criar sistemas através de artefatos existentes, ao invés de desenvolvê-los do zero - é um aspecto chave para melhorias em qualidade e produtividade no desenvolvimento de software. Contudo, os ganhos da reutilização são mais efetivos quando o reuso é planejado e gerenciado de forma sistemática no contexto de um domínio específico, onde famílias de aplicações compartilham algumas funcionalidades. Neste contexto, uma das formas de se obter um processo de reuso mais sistemático é através do processo de análise de domínio - o processo de identificação de características comuns e variáveis de sistemas em um domínio específico. Este processo é composto por diversas atividades, como definição do escopo, modelagem e documentação do domínio, identificação das restrições, entre outros; e o seu sucesso é muito dependente de quão bem o mesmo é executado. Desta forma, torna-se essencial ter uma ferramenta de suporte para auxiliar a sua execução. Atualmente, existem diversas ferramentas que provêem suporte a análise de domínio, todavia, as mesmas apresentam limitações, como não prover suporte ao processo completo. Assim, este trabalho apresenta os requisitos, a arquitetura e a implementação de uma ferramenta que provê suporte a análise de domínio e que foi focada em resolver as limitações identificadas nas ferramentas existentes. Além disso, esta dissertação descreve o processo e os resultados encontrados nas diversas avaliações que foram executadas em diferentes ambientes com a ferramenta proposta

Domain generation algorithm (DGA) is a popular technique for evading detection used by many sophisticated malware families. Since the DGA domains are randomly generated, they tend to exhibit properties that are different from legitimate domain names. It is observed that shorter DGA domains used in emerging malware are more difficult to detect, in contrast to regular DGA domains that are unusually long. While length was considered as a contributing feature in earlier approaches, there has not been a systematic focus on how to leverage its impact on DGA domains detection accuracy. Through our study, we present a new detection model based on semantic and information theory features. The research applies concept of domain length threshold to detect DGA domains regardless of their lengths. The experimental evaluation of the proposed approach, using public datasets, yield a detection rate (DR) of 98.96% and a false positive rate (FPR) of 2.1%, when using random forests classification technique / Graduate

Wavefield reconstruction is a crucial step in the seismic processing flow. For instance, unsuccessful interpolation leads to erroneous multiple predictions that adversely affect the performance of multiple elimination, and to imaging artifacts. We present a new non-parametric transform-based reconstruction method that exploits the compression of seismic data b the recently developed curvelet transform. The elements of this transform, called curvelets, are multi-dimensional, multi-scale, and multi-directional. They locally resemble wavefronts present in the data, which leads to a compressible representation for seismic data. This compression enables us to formulate a new curvelet-based seismic data recovery algorithm through sparsity-promoting inversion (CRSI). The concept of sparsity-promoting inversion is in itself not new to geophysics. However, the recent insights from the field of "compressed sensing" are new since they clearly identify the three main ingredients that go into a successful formulation of a reconstruction problem, namely a sparsifying transform, a sub-Nyquist sampling strategy that subdues coherent aliases in the sparsifying domain, and a data-consistent sparsity-promoting program. After a brief overview of the curvelet transform and our seismic-oriented extension to the fast discrete curvelet transform, we detail the CRSI formulation and illustrate its performance on synthetic and read datasets. Then, we introduce a sub-Nyquist sampling scheme, termed jittered undersampling, and show that, for the same amount of data acquired, jittered data are best interpolated using CRSI compared to regular or random undersampled data. We also discuss the large-scale one-norm solver involved in CRSI. Finally, we extend CRSI formulation to other geophysical applications and present results on multiple removal and migration-amplitude recovery. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

The topic of the thesis are domain-specific languages (DSL) and their use in software development. The target audience are developers interested in learning more about this progressive area of software development. It starts with a necessary theoretical introduction to programming languages. Then, a classification of DSLs is given and software development methodologies based on DSLs are described, notably Language Oriented Programming and Intentional Programming. Another important piece in construction of domain-specific langauges -- the language workbench is also described. In the next chapter, several important tools for DSL creation are presented, described and compared. Each of the tools represents a different possible approach to designing DSLs -- textual, projectional or graphical. The last chapter of the thesis contains a practical example of a DSL implementation in the Meta Programming System by Jet- Brains and Xtext from Eclipse. A domain-specific language for the description of questionnaires is designed from scratch and a code generator for that language is created. A comparison of the DSL based technique to traditional software development techniques is given and the tools used are compared.

Le principal défi des techniques de transfert de gènes est de garantir l’expression du gène d’intérêt tout en assurant l’innocuité des cellules génétiquement modifiées. La plupart des systèmes d’intégration, dérivés des transposons, assurent une intégration aléatoire au sein du génome de la cellule. L’enjeu de ce travail est de développer des outils permettant de cibler l’intégration du transgène au niveau d’un locus choisi dans le but d’améliorer la biosécurité. L’étude s’est portée sur l’utilisation des protéines à ZFD (Zinc Finger Domain) pour leur aptitude à être conçues à façon, in silico, en utilisant les nombreuses ressources disponibles sur Internet. Pour comparer, les propriétés de deux domaines de liaison, NterR2P, provenant de deux rétrotransposons R2 de type non-LTR, ont été étudiées pour leur capacité naturelle à reconnaître spécifiquement une région de 100 pb située dans l’ADN ribosomique 28S. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que les domaines NterR2P reconnaissent spécifiquement leur ADN cible avec une forte affinité de liaison. Deux protéines de fusion, utilisant le domaine NterR2P, ont ensuite été synthétisées dans le but d’intégrer le transgène au niveau de l’ADNr en utilisant le transposon Sleeping Beauty. L’idée originale de ce travail est de réaliser l’intégration du transgène via le ciblage indirect du transposon, ou de la transposase sans que celle-ci ne soit modifiée. L’impact de ces systèmes de ciblage sur les cellules nécessite de réexaminer une telle stratégie. / The main challenge of gene transfer technologies is to maintain and to sustain transgene expression and to confer innocuity on the genetically-modified cells. Most integration systems, derived from transposons, integrate randomly within the genome of cells. The issue of this work is to develop tools to target transgene integrations in a selected locus in order to improve biosecurity. This study consists in using ZFD (Zinc Finger Domain) proteins for their capability to be in silico synthesize, in using many bioinformatic sites. For compare, the properties of two DNA binding domains (DBD), NterR2P, originating from the endonucleases encoded by R2 non-LTR retrotransposons, are able to bind specifically within a 100-bp region of the 28S rRNA genes. The results show that NterR2P DBDs specifically recognize their DNA target with high affinity. Two fusion proteins, using NterR2P DBD, are synthesized in order to integrate the transgene within rDNA, using Sleeping Beauty transposon. The original idea of this work is to realize transgene integration via indirect targeting of transposon, or transposase without its modification. The use of such a targeting system will have to be extensively studied to determine its impacts on cells before it can be considered as safe for use.

Condensation of chromatin and alteration of chemical groups in the proteins around which the DNA is wrapped play major role in regulation of transcription. Histones are basic proteins rich in arginine and lysine residues which form the nucleosomal core. Histone modifications like acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, etc. have broadened the horizon for researchers to study epigenetics more in detail. Histone methyl transferases and histone demethyl transferases are enzymes which add or remove methyl groups on histone lysine and arginine residues respectively. In this study a jumonji domain containing putative histone demethyltransferase has been shown to be responsible in controlling flowering phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana. The knocked out mutants for this gene (JMJ14) showed an early flowering phenotype along with elevated levels of FT transcript (Flowering locus T, gene responsible for controlling the flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana). We show that methylation was altered on H3K36 in the FT ene in the mutants using ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments). The possible role of SDG8 gene, a histone methyl transferase in ABA signaling was also studied during the research. A SET domain containing Sdg8 (group 8 methyltransferase) mutant was found to be responsible for ABA signaled altered root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. The cell number and cell size in roots decreased in both meristematic and elongation zones leading to decrease in root size in sdg8 mutants and number of root hairs increased when treated with Abscisic acid, a plant hormone. In this part of study, as part of an interaction between epigenetics and gene regulation, it was observed that a putative histone demethylase gene, JMJ14 was responsible for regulating the flowering time by controlling the expression of FT and SDG8 played a role in altered root growth in response to ABA in Arabidopsis thaliana. Further studies on these genes could lead to generation of commercial crops with phenotypes that would increase the plant productivity and be beneficial agronomically.

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