本研究以環境正義理論為基礎，探討事業廢棄物掩埋場開發決策背後導致衝突肇因之環境不正義議題及衝突化解之道。首先，針對國內事業廢棄物處理政策的發展脈絡，構築出政府現階段解決事業廢棄物最終處置的思維，一則積極推動源頭減量、回收再利用；其次，又企圖鼓勵興建掩埋場解決事業廢棄物最終處置問題的雙軌併行政策，在缺乏整合的運作邏輯之下，能否發揮事業廢棄物減量、降低掩埋場設置需求的政策執行成效？繼而，在地方政府被賦予審議或核定環境開發治理權的轉變之下，應如何扮演該決策制訂與審議制度運作的角色，藉由「台南縣東山鄉事業廢棄物掩埋場」興建個案研究，探究掩埋場設置衝突事件之肇因，及地方住民、環保團體抗爭訴求，與開發業者、地方政府在個案申請設置或開發決策過程中所呈現環境不正義之關連性，並進一步推導出在地住民因環境權的被剝奪，而從事此抗爭運動所衍生「環境正義理念」的主張。 本研究結論指出，除環保署應積極整合事業廢棄物「源頭減廢、回收再利用」與「鼓勵掩埋場設置」兩政策之執行計畫及成效，俾能藉由減少廢棄物之產出，以降低掩埋場設置需求外；地方政府進行事業廢棄物掩埋場開發決策制訂前，應賦權民眾參與的機制，嚴肅看待開發過程所衍生不正義的問題，提高決策的正當性及公信力；同時透過開發審議制度及法令結構的變革，亦即賦予當地住民獲得充分資訊的權利、公開聽證的權利、民主參與的權利、協調開發單位與受影響的住民簽訂「環境保護協定」，以及要求事業機構負起調整生產結構的責任，作為實踐環境正義理念的方法，藉以改善環境決策品質及決策制訂的思維，俾作為地方政府部門從事掩埋場設施開發決策，消彌環境不正義衝突爭議之參考，以提供另種紓解民眾衝突爭端的途徑。 / In this study based on the theory of environmental justice ,by industrial waste landfills lead to the development of decision-making behind the cause of the conflict of environmental injustice issues and the way to resolve the conflict. First of all, the cause for domestic waste disposal policy development context, the government resolved at this stage to build industrial waste final disposal of thinking, an actively to promote the source reduction, recycling and reuse.Secondly, an attempt to encourage establishment industrial waste landfills to solve the problem of final disposal of parallel two-track policy, a lack of integration in the operation of logic, could appear of reducing waste, reducing landfills established of the policy effectiveness？then, in local government be given consideration or approved development and control of environmental, how to play with the consideration of the decision-making role. By " In Dongshan Township,Tainan County industrial waste landfills" the established of case study, probe into landfills established the causes of conflict, and local residents, environmental groups protested demand, and local government development of decision-making process in the present environmental injustice relevance, and further deduced in the right environment for the inhabitants of the deprived, while engaged in this social movements against by the derivative "concept of environmental justice". This study concluded that, the EPD should actively integrated industrial waste, "the source of waste reduction, recycling and reuse" and " encourage to establish of landfills " two policy implementation plan and effectiveness, achieved to reduce waste output and the need for establish of landfills . Local government for industrial waste landfills development decision-making, should be to empower public participation, look at the development process is derived from the issue of injustice, enhance the legitimacy and credibility of the decision-making.At the same time, through the development checkup system and changes in the structure of act, which gives local residents the right to receive adequate information, the right to public hearings, the right to democratic participation, coordinated developer and residents affected by the signing of environmental protection agreements and require producer assume the responsibility of the production structure adjustment, as a practical way the concept of environmental justice, to improve the quality of decision-making, it could serve as a local government departments engaged in the development of decision-making landfills facilities, eliminating the environmental injustice a reference for controversial conflict , to provide another kind of dispute the way the conflict.

地方經營大約在西元兩千年開始陸續獲得各國重視，城市、鄉村乃至於郊區的實際經營案例、研究發現陸續提出，一場對於地區競爭力的討論與行動大幅展開，然而這場對話中對地方經營方式探討卻顯得相對稀少，但經營方式卻是強化經營、提升競爭力的關鍵要素。因此，本研究希望從此方向進行探索性研究，期望能有助於相關學術與實務的發展。 創意時代來臨、網際網路使用普及化、自我意識提升等，改變過去價值由供應者單一創造的模式，也突顯出使用者參與創造的需求。讓地方採用「價值共創」的方式進行經營，背後應該有可供解釋的理由與成果。因此本研究期盼藉由研究結果回答三點研究問題：（1）地方如何啟動價值共創活動？（2）地方價值共創活動關鍵影響要素為何？（3）共創活動如何影響地方經營？ 本研究藉由文獻與學理回顧，進一步探討地方價值共創活動之內涵。以價值共創、地方資本觀點為基礎，將描述價值創造過程的商業模式略作調整，發展出個案研究的概念性研究架構。研究架構將地方價值共創活動分為價值主張、關鍵資源、關鍵流程、經營成果四個部分，其中經營成果採用地方資本四構面進行觀察。本研究採用單一個案研究法。透過三十年的長期觀察，淬取出三個具有代表性、足夠影響規模的共創活動，以上述概念性架構進行深入探討。 本研究所得到的初步結論：（1）資源不足、認同共創必要性、共創氛圍是影響地方在不同階段採取價值共創進行地方經營之原因。（2）關鍵流程為強化價值主張內涵與論述、資源取得與整合、經營成果在地累積與提升之共同之基礎。（3）共創活動為地方向外擴大人力資本的取得並深化既有人力資本、發展社會資本，進而強化該地的人為資本與自然資本。 / Many countries have put emphasis on local management since 2000 and there are more and more practical cases or studies for city, urban and rural area management. The debates and the actions about the competitiveness of a place has started; however, the exploration of the approach of local management appears quite less even though that is the key to enforce place management and increase competitiveness. Therefore, this purpose of the thesis is to focus the direction to express an explorative studies. I expect it could make some contribution for the academic and practical development of this field. In the era of creativeness with the universality of Internet and the awareness of self-consciousness, the model which values are only created by suppliers has changed and the demand of users’ participation has also become stronger. There are some explanations or achievements for a place to take the way of “Value Co-Creation” to manage; therefore, the thesis aims to answer three research questions: (1) How does a place start the value co-creation activities? (2) What is the key factor of value co-creation activities in a place? (3) How does a value co-creation activity affect the management of a place? The thesis will firstly explore the significance of value co-creation activity in a place through literature review. Using “value co-creation,” local capitalism as basis, I make some adjustments in the business model, which portrays the process of “value creation” to develop the conceptual structure of case study. My research structure is divided into four parts: value proposition, key resource, key process and management performance explained by local capital. The thesis adopts individual case research method, and focuses on three representative and influential activities in the Yilan region, which are totaly observed case for 30 years. The conclusions of the thesis are as the following: (1) lacking resources, recognition for the necessary of co-creation and the co-creative atmosphere are the reasons that affect a place to take “value co-creation” for the local management in different stages. (2) The key process is to strengthen the content and statement of value proposition, to acquire and integrate the resources, and to improve and localize the management performance. (3) The co-creation activities can expand the acquirements of external human capital and reinforce internal one, increase social capital and enrich the human-made capital and natural capital.