A presente dissertação trata da dupla incriminação como condição para a extradição. A dupla incriminação surgiu nos contornos da gramática da extradição, com fundamento na aplicação da legalidade penal e em razões de reciprocidade. Atualmente, também se diz que a dupla incriminação embasa-se no princípio da solidariedade internacional. Todos os 27 tratados de extradição assinados pela República Federativa do Brasil possuem a cláusula da dupla incriminação em seus textos. O Supremo Tribunal Federal considera a dupla incriminação nas ações de extradição sob o viés da legalidade penal e mediante exame acurado dos elementos constitutivos do crime objeto da solicitação estrangeira. O Modelo de Tratado de Extradição da ONU recomenda que não se examine os elementos constitutivos do crime no conceito da dupla incriminação, a qual deve ser compreendida no seu sentido in abstrato. No âmbito da União Européia a dupla incriminação deixou de ser obrigatória para o rol de delitos previstos na Decisão-quadro n. 2002/584. O atual modelo de extradição no Brasil no tocante à dupla incriminação não alcança a efetiva proteção do indivíduo, tampouco reforça a cooperação internacional ou mesmo garante à vítima seu direito fundamental de acesso à Justiça. / The current research concerning to double criminality as a condition to extradition. The double criminality was emerged in the contours of the grammar extradition, was based on the application of criminal legality and reciprocity. Currently also says that the double criminality is based on the international solidarity principle. All of the twenty-seven treaties signed by Federative Republic of Brazil have the requirement of double criminality in their texts. The Brazilian Supreme Court takes into account the double criminality under the bias of the criminal legality and the scrutiny of crimes elements, which are subject the foreign requirement. The UN Draft Extradition Treaty recommends do not assess crimes elements under the double criminality concept, which might understand in the sense of in abstract. Within the European Union the double criminality is not obligatory requirement for some offences established in the Framework Decision n. 2002/584. The current Brazilian extradition model regarding double criminality not achieve the effective individual protection nether reinforces the international cooperation in criminal matters nor even ensures that victim his fundamental right of access to Justice.

A presente dissertação trata da dupla incriminação como condição para a extradição. A dupla incriminação surgiu nos contornos da gramática da extradição, com fundamento na aplicação da legalidade penal e em razões de reciprocidade. Atualmente, também se diz que a dupla incriminação embasa-se no princípio da solidariedade internacional. Todos os 27 tratados de extradição assinados pela República Federativa do Brasil possuem a cláusula da dupla incriminação em seus textos. O Supremo Tribunal Federal considera a dupla incriminação nas ações de extradição sob o viés da legalidade penal e mediante exame acurado dos elementos constitutivos do crime objeto da solicitação estrangeira. O Modelo de Tratado de Extradição da ONU recomenda que não se examine os elementos constitutivos do crime no conceito da dupla incriminação, a qual deve ser compreendida no seu sentido in abstrato. No âmbito da União Européia a dupla incriminação deixou de ser obrigatória para o rol de delitos previstos na Decisão-quadro n. 2002/584. O atual modelo de extradição no Brasil no tocante à dupla incriminação não alcança a efetiva proteção do indivíduo, tampouco reforça a cooperação internacional ou mesmo garante à vítima seu direito fundamental de acesso à Justiça. / The current research concerning to double criminality as a condition to extradition. The double criminality was emerged in the contours of the grammar extradition, was based on the application of criminal legality and reciprocity. Currently also says that the double criminality is based on the international solidarity principle. All of the twenty-seven treaties signed by Federative Republic of Brazil have the requirement of double criminality in their texts. The Brazilian Supreme Court takes into account the double criminality under the bias of the criminal legality and the scrutiny of crimes elements, which are subject the foreign requirement. The UN Draft Extradition Treaty recommends do not assess crimes elements under the double criminality concept, which might understand in the sense of in abstract. Within the European Union the double criminality is not obligatory requirement for some offences established in the Framework Decision n. 2002/584. The current Brazilian extradition model regarding double criminality not achieve the effective individual protection nether reinforces the international cooperation in criminal matters nor even ensures that victim his fundamental right of access to Justice.

Unstoppable development in every area of life which brings an innovative methods, implements and forms has been an inherent part of the evolution of society for a long time now. Accordingly, the field of international judicial cooperation in criminal matters with phased pressure on the integrating procedures within the framework of the European Union, with the development of international relations between the Member States, and with increased rate of criminal activity exceeding the implementation of free movement of persons within the European Union has been made to reflect introduction of new mechanisms. The main task of such mechanisms is repressing organised crime and cross-border criminal activities, and also protection of fundamental rights of individuals who are suspected of commiting an offence. One of these mechanisms is the European arrest warrant, relatively new legal instrument to which is my diploma work devoted to. This instrument of criminal law based on the principle of mutual recognitions in criminal matters represents not just a symbol of mutual confidence for the Member States reflecting in their systems of criminal justice, but also some achievement of philosophical purpose in integrating aspects or rather ambitions in the field of judicial cooperation in criminal matters. It is...

La double incrimination est une condition « classique » en droit pénal international, que l'on trouve formulée dans les instruments normatifs relatifs à la coopération pénale internationale, ainsi que dans ceux consacrés aux compétences extraterritoriales. Dans ces deux domaines la condition de la double incrimination est considérée comme remplie lorsque les faits en question sont punis par les droits internes des deux États concernés (État requérant et État requis, ou État de poursuite et État de commission). Toutefois, l'application de cette condition n'est pas sans poser de difficultés, aussi bien sur un plan substantiel que sur un plan procédural. Des difficultés qui ont conduit les États européens à la remettre en cause, du moins pour partie ; une remise en cause totale de la double incrimination s'avérant, en l'état, impossible. / Double criminality is a “classic” condition in international criminal law, which is found in normative instruments relating to international cooperation in criminal matters, as well as those relating to extraterritorial jurisdiction. In these two fields, the condition of double criminality is considered fulfilled when the conduct in question is punishable under the domestic law of both states (the requesting state and the requested state, or the prosecuting State and the State in which the act was committed). Moreover, the application of this condition continues to pose difficulties, not only in substance but also in procedure. The difficulties have driven the European states to call the condition into question, at least partially; even though a total removal of the condition in its current state is impossible.