Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-21T17:14:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariannaCruzCampos_DISSERT.pdf: 3746547 bytes, checksum: ceab09a5159fa17ddc18b0792d13ffb7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monica Paiva (monicalpaiva@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-21T17:23:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariannaCruzCampos_DISSERT.pdf: 3746547 bytes, checksum: ceab09a5159fa17ddc18b0792d13ffb7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-21T17:23:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariannaCruzCampos_DISSERT.pdf: 3746547 bytes, checksum: ceab09a5159fa17ddc18b0792d13ffb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor um modelo para avalia??o da efici?ncia din?mica, aplicado aos hospitais gerais do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, para promover uma melhoria na taxa de atendimento para popula??o e na gest?o de recursos (humano, material e capital) nestes hospitais. Este prop?sito justifica-se pela situa??o atual da sa?de brasileira definida por um contexto de alto n?mero de redu??o de leitos ao longo dos anos; alto n?mero de mortes; salas inapropriadas para interven??es ambulatoriais e cir?rgicas; leitos indispon?veis por inexist?ncia/falta de manuten??o de equipamentos b?sicos, e uma elevada defasagem no n?mero de profissionais de sa?de na rede hospitalar. Al?m disso, h? uma forte depend?ncia de financiamento para os altos custos operacionais, incapazes de gerar um padr?o de qualidade aceit?vel. O m?todo de pesquisa foi predominantemente explorat?rio, com aplica??o da An?lise Envolt?ria de Dados com modelagem din?mica (Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis - DDEA) para determinar a efici?ncia das unidades organizacionais no per?odo entre os anos de 2011 a 2013, por meio de cortes transversais. Para a condu??o desta pesquisa, foram consideradas unidades hospitalares gerais (39) administradas diretamente por ?rg?os da sa?de, o que representam aproximadamente 80% dos hospitais p?blicos gerais do Rio Grande do Norte. Com o uso desta metodologia, os resultados apontaram os hospitais com melhor desempenho no per?odo analisado, contribuindo para a tomada de decis?o gerencial e o planejamento eficiente das a??es de sa?de p?blica no Estado. A implementa??o da an?lise din?mica alcan?ou o seu principal objetivo, ao apresentar resultados mais discriminat?rios em rela??o ao modelo cl?ssico de DEA e tamb?m permitir a an?lise dos impactos na produtividade dos hospitais no per?odo observado. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor um modelo para avalia??o da efici?ncia din?mica, aplicado aos hospitais gerais do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, para promover uma melhoria na taxa de atendimento para popula??o e na gest?o de recursos (humano, material e capital) nestes hospitais. Este prop?sito justifica-se pela situa??o atual da sa?de brasileira definida por um contexto de alto n?mero de redu??o de leitos ao longo dos anos; alto n?mero de mortes; salas inapropriadas para interven??es ambulatoriais e cir?rgicas; leitos indispon?veis por inexist?ncia/falta de manuten??o de equipamentos b?sicos, e uma elevada defasagem no n?mero de profissionais de sa?de na rede hospitalar. Al?m disso, h? uma forte depend?ncia de financiamento para os altos custos operacionais, incapazes de gerar um padr?o de qualidade aceit?vel. O m?todo de pesquisa foi predominantemente explorat?rio, com aplica??o da An?lise Envolt?ria de Dados com modelagem din?mica (Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis - DDEA) para determinar a efici?ncia das unidades organizacionais no per?odo entre os anos de 2011 a 2013, por meio de cortes transversais. Para a condu??o desta pesquisa, foram consideradas unidades hospitalares gerais (39) administradas diretamente por ?rg?os da sa?de, o que representam aproximadamente 80% dos hospitais p?blicos gerais do Rio Grande do Norte. Com o uso desta metodologia, os resultados apontaram os hospitais com melhor desempenho no per?odo analisado, contribuindo para a tomada de decis?o gerencial e o planejamento eficiente das a??es de sa?de p?blica no Estado. A implementa??o da an?lise din?mica alcan?ou o seu principal objetivo, ao apresentar resultados mais discriminat?rios em rela??o ao modelo cl?ssico de DEA e tamb?m permitir a an?lise dos impactos na produtividade dos hospitais no per?odo observado.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-10-02T23:54:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoIranylsonGomesDeBrito_DISSERT.pdf: 2162249 bytes, checksum: 705807d11afddba0f2b504f6e0886a8d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-09T21:40:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoIranylsonGomesDeBrito_DISSERT.pdf: 2162249 bytes, checksum: 705807d11afddba0f2b504f6e0886a8d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-09T21:40:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoIranylsonGomesDeBrito_DISSERT.pdf: 2162249 bytes, checksum: 705807d11afddba0f2b504f6e0886a8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-28 / O presente trabalho prop?e um novo modelo de an?lise da efici?ncia do sistema de sa?de p?blica do Brasil a partir da avalia??o dos gastos na vacina??o dos munic?pios. Considerando que a sa?de funciona de forma interligada entre seus agentes, a efici?ncia de uma forma geral pode ser afetada por problemas de base como a vacina??o na qual contribui para o controle das doen?as transmiss?veis e de morte. Verifica-se, assim, que a imuniza??o pode influenciar na efici?ncia do sistema de sa?de em sua totalidade. ? importante destacar que o m?todo de pesquisa utilizado foi predominantemente descritivo com aplica??o da An?lise Envolt?ria de Dados com modelagem din?mica (Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis - DDEA) para determinar a efici?ncia das unidades tomadoras de decis?o (DMU) entre os anos de 2013 a 2015. A amostra coletada contempla as regi?es metropolitanas nas quais s?o compostas por 631 munic?pios e Bras?lia visto que a mesma n?o ? considerada munic?pio. Deve-se ressaltar que foram exclu?dos 2 munic?pios da an?lise por n?o apresentarem informa??es suficientes. De acordo com o Minist?rio da Sa?de, as vari?veis que comp?em a modelagem matem?tica s?o classificadas como indicadores de desempenho, e est?o organizadas no modelo conceitual de pesquisa da seguinte forma: inputs (gasto per capta com sa?de e percentual aplicado com gasto profil?tico e terap?utico); carry ? over (percentual de cobertura de vacina??o) e outputs (percentual aplicado com assist?ncia hospitalar, ambulatorial e com medicamentos). Admitindo a grande extens?o territorial do Brasil e suas diferen?as demogr?ficas e socioecon?micas entre as regi?es, a an?lise de dados est? sistematizada em 4 est?gios. No primeiro est?gio, os dados foram rodados e agrupados com todas DMU?s. No segundo, por regi?es. No terceiro por Estados e o ?ltimo por portes dos munic?pios. De acordo com as an?lises realizadas, os resultados apontaram n?veis de efici?ncias distintas em cada est?gio entre as an?lises globais e por per?odos entre os munic?pios. Ainda nas an?lises realizadas por porte de munic?pios o qual ? considerado o maior est?gio de n?vel de homogeneidade da amostra, ? apontado que quanto maior o munic?pio, maior ser? a sua efici?ncia. Este resultado demonstra a import?ncia dos investimentos na sa?de, pois quanto maior o munic?pio, maior ser? sua arrecada??o pr?pria e sua receita corrente l?quida. Dessa forma, haver? um aumento da aplica??o de recursos na sa?de devido a obrigatoriedade legal e, tamb?m, um aumento nos repasses do governo estadual e federal, pois as verbas s?o distribu?das de acordo com o n?mero de habitantes por munic?pio. Contudo, ? importante ressaltar que cabe aos gestores analisar e se espelhar nos relat?rios gerenciais e financeiros dos munic?pios com n?vel de efici?ncia maior para que possam melhorar seu desempenho. / The present work proposes a new model for the analysis of the efficiency of the Brazilian public health system based on the evaluation of the vaccination expenditures of the municipalities. Considering that health functions interconnectedly among its agents, overall efficiency can be affected by underlying problems such as vaccination in which it contributes to the control of communicable diseases and death. Thus, immunization can influence the efficiency of the health system as a whole. It is important to highlight that the research method used was predominantly descriptive with the application of Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis (DDEA) to determine the efficiency of the decision making units (DMU) between the years of 2013 and 2015. The collected sample contemplates the metropolitan regions in which they are composed by 631 municipalities and Bras?lia since it is not considered a municipality. It should be noted that 2 municipalities were excluded from the analysis because they did not present sufficient information. According to the Ministry of Health, the variables that make up the mathematical modeling are classified as performance indicators, and are organized in the conceptual research model as follows: inputs (expenditure per capita with health and percentage applied with prophylactic and therapeutic expenditure) ; carry - over (percentage of vaccination coverage) and outputs (percentage applied with hospital, outpatient, and medication assistance). Assuming the great territorial extension of Brazil and its demographic and socioeconomic differences between regions, the data analysis is systematized in 4 stages. In the first stage, the data were rotated and grouped with all DMU's. In the second, by regions. In the third by states and the last by ports of the municipalities. According to the analyzes, the results indicated different levels of efficiencies at each stage between the global analyzes and by periods between the municipalities. Still in the analyzes carried out by municipalities, which is considered the highest stage of homogeneity level of the sample, it is pointed out that the larger the municipality, the greater its efficiency. This result demonstrates the importance of investments in health, since the larger the municipality, the higher will be its own collection and its current net revenue. In this way, there will be an increase in the application of resources in health due to legal obligation and also an increase in the transfers of the state and federal government, since the funds are distributed according to the number of inhabitants per municipality. However, it is important to emphasize that it is up to managers to analyze and mirror the management and financial reports of municipalities with a higher level of efficiency so that they can improve their performance.

Saab Aerosystems, a part of Saab AB, has the overall responsibility for the development of the fourth generation fighter aircraft JAS 39 Gripen. When planning a mission for one or more aircrafts, a computer program called Mission Support System is used. Some of the data from the planning is then transferred to the actual aircraft. Today there are some unwanted restrictions in the planning software. One of these restrictions is about the fact that a number of parameters that controls the output from a planned mission are not configurable runtime, i.e. a reinstallation at customers location is needed to change this. The main purpose of this thesis was to propose a new design and a new framework that solves the inflexibility described above. The design should also be validated by a test implementation. A number of different designs were proposed and four of these were selected to be candidates for being implemented. An important tool used when developing the designs was the theory of design patterns. To choose one of the four a ranking system, based on both measurable metrics and non-measurable experience, was used. One design was selected to be the best and after implementing of the design it was considered to be valid. Future work can consist of rewriting all modules in the software to use the new framework.

Visual surveillance of human crowds in a dynamic environment has attracted a great amount of computer vision research efforts in recent years. Moving object detection, which conventionally includes motion segmentation and optionally, object classification, is the first major task for any visual surveillance application. After detecting the targets, estimation of their geo-locations is needed to create the same reference coordinate system for them for higher-level decision-making. Depending on the required fidelity of decision, multi-target data association may be also needed at higher levels to differentiate multiple targets in a series of frames. Applying all these vision-based algorithms to a crowd surveillance system (a major application studied in this dissertation) using a team of cooperative unmanned vehicles (UVs), introduces new challenges to the problem. Since the visual sensors move with the UVs, and thus the targets and the environment are dynamic, it adds to the complexity and uncertainty of the video processing. Moreover, the limited onboard computation resources require more efficient algorithms to be proposed. Responding to these challenges, the goal of this dissertation is to design and develop an effective and efficient visual surveillance system based on dynamic data driven application system (DDDAS) paradigm to be used by the cooperative UVs for autonomous crowd control and border patrol. The proposed visual surveillance system includes different modules: 1) a motion detection module, in which a new method for detecting multiple moving objects, based on sliding window is proposed to segment the moving foreground using the moving camera onboard the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); 2) a target recognition module, in which a customized method based on histogram-of-oriented-gradients is applied to classify the human targets using the onboard camera of unmanned ground vehicle (UGV); 3) a target geo-localization module, in which a new moving-landmark-based method is proposed for estimating the geo-location of the detected crowd from the UAV, while a heuristic method based on triangulation is applied for geo-locating the detected individuals via the UGV; and 4) a multi-target data association module, in which the affinity score is dynamically adjusted to comply with the changing dispersion of the detected targets over successive frames. In this dissertation, a cooperative team of one UAV and multiple UGVs with onboard visual sensors is used to take advantage of the complementary characteristics (e.g. different fidelities and view perspectives) of these UVs for crowd surveillance. The DDDAS paradigm is also applied toward these vision-based modules, where the computational and instrumentation aspects of the application system are unified for more accurate or efficient analysis according to the scenario. To illustrate and demonstrate the proposed visual surveillance system, aerial and ground video sequences from the UVs, as well as simulation models are developed, and experiments are conducted using them. The experimental results on both developed videos and literature datasets reveal the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed modules and their promising performance in the considered crowd surveillance application.

Measurement noise reduction and parameter estimation is a topic of central importance in plant control. The complexity of real world plants and the working conditions in practice require robust real-time algorithms which are easy to implement, simple to use and economic in computer ressources. The state of the art is given by the novel approach of Liebman et al. called the NDDR (nonlinear dynamic data reconciliation) which is based on nonlinear dynamic programming. We present in the present paper a new algorithm based more traditionally on gradient descent methods supplemented with a self control of the parameters of the algorithm. It uses an iterative method for the rectification and correction of state variables and system parameters, what makes it a true on-line algorithm. Despite its simplicity, the perfomance of the new algorithm proved superior to that of the NDDR in the applications considered so far.

Örebro University and Akademiska Hus have started an initiative towards smart buildings. Avery important role to this is Digital Twin for buildings. Digital twin for buildings is a virtualcopy of a physical building. And by adding a Data Driven Simulation System, an even moresmart building could be achieved. Given a humidity-, temperature-, illuminance- and motionsensor in a specific corridor at the Örebro University, this thesis will ascertain what can bedone by creating a Data Driven Simulation System and using these sensors to achieve thedesired smart building. In this thesis, a simulation was created with simulated sensors andpedestrians. The simulation is a clone of the real world, by using real life sensors andapplying the data to the simulated sensors, this was partially achieved.

Objective. Dry electrodes have an advantage over gel-based 'wet' electrodes by providing quicker set-up time for electroencephalography recording; however, the potentially poorer contact can result in noisier recordings. We examine the impact that this may have on brain-computer interface communication and potential approaches for mitigation. Approach. We present a performance comparison of wet and dry electrodes for use with the P300 speller system in both healthy participants and participants with communication disabilities (ALS and PLS), and investigate the potential for a data-driven dynamic data collection algorithm to compensate for the lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in dry systems. Main results. Performance results from sixteen healthy participants obtained in the standard static data collection environment demonstrate a substantial loss in accuracy with the dry system. Using a dynamic stopping algorithm, performance may have been improved by collecting more data in the dry system for ten healthy participants and eight participants with communication disabilities; however, the algorithm did not fully compensate for the lower SNR of the dry system. An analysis of the wet and dry system recordings revealed that delta and theta frequency band power (0.1-4 Hz and 4-8 Hz, respectively) are consistently higher in dry system recordings across participants, indicating that transient and drift artifacts may be an issue for dry systems. Significance. Using dry electrodes is desirable for reduced set-up time; however, this study demonstrates that online performance is significantly poorer than for wet electrodes for users with and without disabilities. We test a new application of dynamic stopping algorithms to compensate for poorer SNR. Dynamic stopping improved dry system performance; however, further signal processing efforts are likely necessary for full mitigation.

Traditional methods for constructing simulation models can involve severalsteps that require manual pre-processing of large data sets. This process maybe time-consuming and prone to human errors, while also leading to modelsthat are inconvenient to customize for varying simulation scenarios. In thisthesis, we propose an alternate data preparation methodology in emergencyvehicle transport simulation, which aims to eliminate parts of the manualpre-processing. Our research is based on a previous case study using datafrom Sweden’s Southern Healthcare Region. The methodology we propose isinstantiated through a proof-of-concept software module that replacespreviously used static input sets by introducing dynamic runtime calculationsof ambulance travel times. This was done in two steps where we first evaluatedseveral routing engines according to needs extracted from the studied case.Secondly, we implemented and integrated the chosen routing engine into thepreviously mentioned module. Testing of the module showed feasible andconsistent performance, demonstrating the potential usage of our proposedmethodology in emergency vehicle transport simulation.

No description available.

The DIRECT (DIviding RECTangles) algorithm JONESJOTi, a variant of Lipschitzian methods for bound constrained global optimization, has been applied to the optimal transmitter placement for indoor wireless systems. Power coverage and BER (bit error rate) are considered as two criteria for optimizing locations of a specified number of transmitters across the feasible region of the design space. The performance of a DIRECT implementation in such applications depends on the characteristics of the objective function, the problem dimension, and the desired solution accuracy. Implementations with static data structures often fail in practice because of unpredictable memory requirements. This is especially critical in S⁴W (Site-Specific System Simulator for Wireless communication systems), where the DIRECT optimization is just one small component connected to a parallel 3D propagation ray tracing modeler running on a 200-node Beowulf cluster of Linux workstations, and surrogate functions for a WCDMA (wideband code division multiple access) simulator are also used to estimate the channel performance. Any component failure of this large computation would abort the entire design process. To make the DIRECT global optimization algorithm efficient and robust, a set of dynamic data structures is proposed here to balance the memory requirements with execution time, while simultaneously adapting to arbitrary problem size. The focus is on design issues of the dynamic data structures, related memory management strategies, and application issues of the DIRECT algorithm to the transmitter placement optimization for wireless communication systems. Results for two indoor systems are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present work. / Master of Science