International develoment non-government organisations (INGOs)are a recognised component of Aotearoa New Zealand society. In 2012 CID advised the Government that INGOs are the key conduit for many thousands of New Zealanders that donated over $114 million in 2011 in support of international development and disaster relief. Since the 1970s the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and TRade (MFAT) has managed the allocation of a proportion of Government Overseas Development Assistance to subsidise the money raised from the public by the INGOs. The impact of INGO involvement in development projects and programmes has received considerable academic scrutiny; however little attention has been paid to the understanding and operation of partnership within international activities . This thesis focuses on the partnership practices of New Zealand INGOs.

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No description available.

The successful practice of organizational public relations requires the organization's administrator and public relations practitioner to "coorient" on public relations matters; that is, the two must be oriented toward each other and toward the concept of public relations. Few researchers, however, have used the coorientation method to study public relations situations, and no research has been done on the coorientational relationship between practitioners and administrators.This thesis proposed and executed a strategy for measuring coorientation between practitioners and administrators of Indiana state government agencies. Demographic questions revealed that agency public relations staffs were typically one-person operations.Most practitioners were female; most administrators were male. Nearly 90 percent of all respondents had some college experience, and most practitioners had majored in a journalism-related area. On average, practitioner respondents had served longer in their jobs than administrators. Respondents came from agencies ranging in size from thirteen employees to five thousand employees.The coorientation measures showed that most practitioner-administrator pairs from Indiana government agencies did not significantly agree on their agency's public relations objectives, activities or obstacles. In contrast, most practitioners and administrators did perceive that agreement existed. Practitioners and administrators alike were inaccurate in assessing the public relations views of their respective pair partners.Coorientation findings supported existing theory and previous coorientation research. Increased accuracy, rather than agreement or congruency, was the principal result of increased intra-pair communication.Practitioner accuracy, however, increased over time even when administrator accuracy did not, indicating that Indiana government agency practitioners are not full participants in the process of public relations decision-making.

There is no abstract available for this dissertation.

The Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) designates the nation-state as the agent for tobacco control, and it defines its target as an industry composed of manufacturers, wholesalers, and importers. This target fails to include the farmers, tobacco leaf exporters, and retailers profiting from cigarette consumption. Commodity chain analysis uncovers a more comprehensive roster of industry actors, a methodology that can improve tobacco control monitoring efforts, and uncover weaknesses in the industry. A comparative historical analysis of the cigarette commodity chain in Brazil and China exposes four categories of social forces that counter national tobacco control: the actors in the industry, local governments and trade treaty organizations as external actors, the conflicting activities of different units within the nation-state itself, and social norms embedded with 400 years of tobacco use. In conclusion, the author suggests that the FCTC provisions be redirected to local and international levels. / Graduate

No description available.

No description available.

This thesis examines in detail the operation of a planning gain policy in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets between 1971 and 1983, using data obtained from records held at the Borough and observations of the practice. The practice of planning gain is set into the broader context of planning and the still broader social and political context. The existing literature and definitions of planning gain are critically examined in the light of a theoretical framework which concerns itself with the identification of power and politics within the planning process. The responses made to the practice of planning gain by the Department of the Environment, planning inspectors and the courts are explained and critically analysed to indicate the lack of articulated opposition. The use of planning agreements as a mechanism for the enforcement of planning gain is also examined. Section 52 of the Town and Country Planning Act is analysed, together with the available case law. The use of these agreements in Tower Hamlets is discussed in detail. The schemes examined at Tower Hamlets are presented in full to provide an overall view of the operation of a planning gain policy. Details include the effect of negotiation on the content of schemes and problems of implementation. Comparative material is provided covering the operation of a planning gain system which has legislative recognition in Sydney, Australia. This part of the thesis is used to illustrate the continued existence of negotiation for planning gain and of the restrictive responses to the autonomy of local government.

A large majority of the members of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan belong to one or other of its factions, the bodies which dominate the party today. In 1987, when the fieldwork for this study was carried out, there were five factions in number. This thesis examines and analyzes the contemporary structural organization and membership of one of them, the Miki/K5moto faction, after presenting a systematic account of its history. This political grouping was investigated from the inside; as an observer, the writer was able to acquire material through direct interaction with members of the faction in their daily routine. Including the introduction and conclusion, eight chapters make up this thesis. Two of them are devoted to the history of the faction, which is chronicled by taking the career of Miki Takeo, the founder, as the central theme. One chapter is concerned with the organization of the faction, and the roles and functions of the members. The relationships among faction members and their connections with outside individuals and groups are the subjects of scrutiny for the fifth and sixth chapters respectively. Chapter seven, on finance, investigates the methods by which the faction as a group and single members of it raise and distribute money. Some of the conclusions drawn in the thesis are specific to the faction; others relate to the wider phenomenon of factionalism inside the party.