41 |
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in surfactant protein -A and -D with otitis mediaBarnett, Catherine Margaret Eleanor. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc. Biological Sciences)--University of Waikato, 2007. / Title from PDF cover (viewed February 27, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-199)
|
42 |
Etiologia da pneumonia adquirida na comunidade em crianças hospitalizadas, com ênfase em derrame pleuralOliveira, Juliana Rebouças de January 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio (fiscina@bahia.fiocruz.br) on 2012-10-23T17:32:31Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Juliana Rebouças de Oliveira Etiologia da pneumonia adquirida....pdf: 2505145 bytes, checksum: d0d9c1cc48dc6e014855686844968a82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T17:32:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Juliana Rebouças de Oliveira Etiologia da pneumonia adquirida....pdf: 2505145 bytes, checksum: d0d9c1cc48dc6e014855686844968a82 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2012 / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, Bahia, Brasil / Pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (PAC) é uma das principais causas de hospitalização e óbito em crianças menores de cinco anos, na maioria dos países em desenvolvimento. O controle da PAC depende do entendimento adequado da importância dos agentes etiológicos, o quê tem sido dificultado pela ausência de métodos sensíveis, específicos e disponíveis, para estabelecer a etiologia dos casos. Derrame pleural (DP) é a complicação mais frequente da PAC. A atual compreensão é de que DP ocorre em infecções bacterianas piogênicas, informação essa decorrente do uso restrito de métodos tradicionais e pouco sensíveis que investigam apenas etiologia bacteriana em crianças com PAC e DP. Objetivo principal deste estudo foi determinar a etiologia da PAC em crianças hospitalizadas com DP utilizando métodos abrangentes para investigação etiológica. Desenho do estudo: realizado estudo observacional prospectivo do tipo corte transversal realizado em um hospital público, Centro Pediátrico Professor Hosannah de Oliveira (Salvador-Bahia). Material e métodos: a coleta de dados ocorreu entre setembro de 2003 a maio de 2005. Crianças previamente saudáveis com idade inferior a cinco anos, hospitalizadas com PAC, foram incluídas neste estudo. Resultados: das 277 crianças selecionadas, 206 (74%) tiveram o diagnóstico de pneumonia confirmado pela radiografia de tórax avaliada por um especialista em radiologia pediátrica. A etiologia foi estabelecida em 165 (80%) crianças; nas quais foram encontrados, infecção bacteriana em 20%, viral 48,5% e co-infecção vírus-bactéria em 31,5%. Derrame pleural (DP) foi descrito em 25 casos (12%). Entre as crianças com DP, a etiologia foi estabelecida em 18 casos (72%) sendo infecção bacteriana 28%, viral 50% e viral-bacteriana 22%. Entre todos os 25 casos com DP, a frequência por grupos etiológicos foram: bacteriana 20%, viral 36%, viral-bacteriana 16% e não identificado 28%. Conclusão: infecção exclusivamente viral foi identificada em um terço das crianças internadas com PAC e DP, portanto, quando se faz ampla investigação etiológica para vírus e bactérias, DP não está associado a apenas infecções bacterianas. Estes resultados levantam a necessidade de investigar a etiologia do DP de forma abrangente, procurando agentes virais e bactérianos, pelo uso de métodos moleculares / Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of hospitalization and death among children under five years old in most developing countries. The control of CAP depends on the appropriate understanding of the matter of etiologic agents, what has been impaired by the lack of sensitive, specific and available diagnostic methods to establish the etiology. Pleural effusion (PE) is the most frequent complication of CAP. The current understanding is that SD occurs mainly in pyogenic bacterial infections. Such idea is probably due to limited use of diagnostic methods that are traditional and less sensitive, and merely investigate bacterial etiology in children with CAP and PE. The main objective of this study was to determine the etiology of CAP in hospitalized children with PE using comprehensive methods for investigating the etiology. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional observational study, performed at a public hospital, the Professor Hosannah de Oliveira Pediatric Center (Salvador-Bahia-Brazil). Data collection occurred between September 2003 and May 2005.Previously healthy children younger than five years, hospitalized with CAP were included in this study. Results: among 277 children selected, 206 (74%) had diagnosis of pneumonia confirmed by chest radiographs evaluated by a specialist in pediatric radiology. The etiology was confirmed in 80% children, in which we found: bacterial infection in 20%, viral infection in 48.5% and co-infection viral-bacterial in 31.5%. Pleural effusion (PE) was reported in 25 cases (12%). Among children with PE, the etiology was established in 18 cases (72%), being bacterial infection in 28%, viral infection in 50% and viral-bacterial infection in 22%. Among all 25 cases with PE, the frequencies by etiological groups were: 20% bacterial, 36% viral, 16% bacterial-viral and 28% unidentified. Conclusion: Viral infection was identified in only one third of children hospitalized with CAP and PE; so when extensive etiologic investigation for viruses and bacteria is performed, PE is not associated exclusively with bacterial infections. These results raise the need to investigate the etiology of PE in a comprehensive way, looking for viral and bacterial agents, including the use of molecular methods.
|
43 |
Análise de resultados clínicos e radiológicos de dois métodos de pleurodese com talco em pacientes com derrame pleural maligno recidivante / Analysis of clinical and radiological results of two methods of talc pleurodesis in patients with recurrent malignant pleural effusionRicardo Mingarini Terra 16 December 2008 (has links)
Introdução: A pleurodese com talco é o método mais popular para controle sintomático do derrame pleural maligno recidivante. A administração intrapleural do talco pode ser por videotoracoscopia ou dreno de tórax e qual o melhor método é uma questão controversa. Ainda que a expansão pulmonar seja um dos principais critérios de sucesso do procedimento, suas características pós-pleurodese ainda são pouco estudadas. Objetivo: Avaliar a expansão pulmonar após dois diferentes métodos de pleurodese com talco (dreno de tórax ou videotoracoscopia) em pacientes com derrame pleural maligno recidivante, considerando a evolução radiológica, diferença entre os métodos e correlação com desfecho clínico. O objetivo secundário foi comparar ambos os métodos quanto a: efetividade clínica, segurança, qualidade de vida e sobrevivência. Método: Estudo prospectivo randomizado que incluiu 60 pacientes (45 Mulheres, 15 Homens, idade média: 55,2 anos) com derrame pleural maligno recidivante entre janeiro de 2005 e janeiro de 2008. Os pacientes foram alocados em dois grupos: videotoracoscopia com insuflação de talco (VT) ou instilação de talco por dreno de tórax (DT). A expansão pulmonar imediata e a evolução da expansão pulmonar foram avaliadas através de tomografias de tórax obtidas nos primeiros 7 dias, 1, 3 e 6 meses após a pleurodese, as quais foram analisadas por dois observadores independentes. Efetividade clínica (considerada como ausência de necessidade de novos procedimentos pleurais durante o seguimento), complicações, tempo de drenagem e de internação hospitalar e qualidade de vida (questionários gerais e específicos) foram também analisados. A análise estatística foi realizada através dos testes de Qui-quadrado e Fisher para as variáveis categóricas e Mann-Whitney para variáveis contínuas não paramétricas. A sobrevivência foi analisada através do método de Kaplan- Meier e o teste de log-Rank para foi usado para identificar fatores que interferissem na sobrevida. Os resultados dos questionários de qualidade de vida foram avaliados através de ANOVA de duplo-fator. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos nas variáveis clínicas préoperatórias. A expansão imediata total (>90%) foi observada em 27 (45%) pacientes e foi mais freqüente no grupo VT (60 vs. 30%, p=0.027). Durante o seguimento, 71% dos pacientes estudados tiveram melhora ou ao menos mantiveram a expansão pulmonar observada na 1ª tomografia, fato que ocorreu de forma semelhante entre os grupos (p=0,58). Novos procedimentos pleurais foram necessários em 9(15%) pacientes (5 recidivas no grupo VT e 4 no grupo DT, p=0.999). Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos quanto a: complicações, tempo e de internação. A análise dos questionários de qualidade de vida revelou resultados semelhantes para ambos os grupos. A expansão pulmonar imediata não se correlacionou com recidiva radiológica, recidiva clínica ou complicações (p= 0.60, 0.15 e 0.20, respectivamente). A sobrevida após ambos os procedimentos foi semelhante, porém a ocorrência de recidivas foi um fator relacionado a sobrevida mais curta (p=0,02). Conclusão: Expansão pulmonar imediata parcial foi freqüente, particularmente no grupo DT. Contudo, manutenção do quadro radiológico e até melhora radiológica ocorreram na maioria dos casos. Não foi encontrada correlação entre expansão pulmonar imediata e desfecho clínico neste estudo. / Introduction: Talc pleurodesis is the most popular method to control recurrent malignant pleural effusion symptoms. Two methods may be used to deliver talc into the pleural space: videothoracoscopy or talc slurry through a chest tube ; which is the best method is still controversial. Although lung expansion is the most accepted pleurodesis outcome variable, its features are poorly studied. Objective: To analyze and compare radiological lung expansion after talc pleurodesis performed either by videothoracoscopy or chest tube and correlate it with clinical outcome. Secondary endpoints evaluated were: clinical efficacy, safety, quality of life and survival. Methods: Prospective randomized study that included 60 patients (45 Female, 15 Male, mean age: 55,2 years) with recurrent malignant pleural effusion, between January, 2005 and January, 2008. They were enrolled into two groups: videothoracoscopic talc poudrage (VT) and talc slurry through a chest tube (TS). Lung expansion was evaluated through chest CT scans obtained in the first 7 days and 1, 3 and 6 months after pleurodesis. All examinations were revised by two independent observers. Clinical efficacy (considered as lack of new procedures during follow up), complications, drainage duration, hospital stay and quality of life (general and specific questionnaires) were also analyzed. Categorical variables were compared with the Chi-Square test or Fisher´s exact test for small samples. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare continuous non parametric variables. Survival curves were calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test was used to identify factors that could interfere with survival. Double factor ANOVA was used to compare quality of life questionnaires results. Results: No significant difference in pre-procedure clinical variables was observed between groups. Postoperative lung expansion was total (>90%) in 27 (45%) patients and was more frequent in VT group (60% vs. 30%, p=0.027). During follow-up 71% of the patients showed unaltered or improved lung expansion and lung expansion evolution was similar in both groups (p=0.58). Nine (15%) patients needed new pleural procedures (5 recurrences in VT group and 4 in DT group, p=0.999). No statistical difference was found between groups regarding complications, drainage time and hospital stay. Quality of life questionnaires were evaluated but no difference between study arms was observed. There was no correlation between initial lung expansion and clinical recurrence, radiological recurrence or complications (p = 0.60, 0.15 and 0.20, respectively). No difference in survival between study arms was observed, but a shorter survival was observed in patients that developed clinical recurrence (p=0.02). Conclusion: Immediate partial lung expansion was a frequent finding and was more frequent in TS group. However, maintenance of the radiological image and even radiological improvement occurred in most cases. No correlation between immediate lung expansion and clinical outcome was found in this study
|
44 |
Pneumonia adquirida na comunidade e derrame pleural parapneumônico relacionados a Mycoplasma pneumoniae em crianças e adolescentes = Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related community-acquired pneumonia and parapneumonic pleural effusion in children and adolescents / Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related community-acquired pneumonia and parapneumonic pleural effusion in children and adolescentsVervloet, Leticia Alves, 1960- 21 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: José Dirceu Ribeiro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T16:03:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Vervloet_LeticiaAlves_D.pdf: 6473435 bytes, checksum: 49bac4286557616573190a6494802cbb (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência e as características da pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (PAC) e derrames pleurais parapneumônicos (DPP) relacionados a Mycoplasma pneumoniae em um grupo de crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo com 121 pacientes hospitalizados com PAC e DPP em um hospital de referência terciária, entre 2000 e 2008, divididos em seis grupos (G1 a G6) segundo o agente etiológico: M. pneumoniae com ou sem coinfecção, em 44 pacientes; outros agentes que não M. pneumoniae, em 77; M. pneumoniae sem coinfecção, em 34; Streptococcus pneumoniae, em 36; Staphylococcus aureus, em 34; e coinfecção M. pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae, em 9, respectivamente. Resultados: Na comparação entre os grupos, G1 apresentou frequências maiores em gênero feminino, tosse seca, uso prévio de beta-lactâmicos e maior tempo de evolução, assim como menor uso de assistência ventilatória e de drenagem torácica que G2, enquanto G3 teve maiores frequências em uso prévio de beta-lactâmicos e tosse seca, maior tempo de evolução e menor frequência de uso de drenos torácicos que G4 e G5, ao passo que G3 teve média de idade maior e menor frequência de náuseas/vômitos que G4, assim como menor uso de assistência ventilatória que G5. A coinfecção M. pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae aumentou a duração dos sintomas até a admissão. . Conclusões: Nesta amostra, a prevalência de PAC e DPP por M. pneumoniae foi de 12,75%, com evolução mais prolongada e quadro mais leves, que por outros microorganismos. Nossos dados sugerem a necessidade de uma maior diligência na investigação de M. pneumoniae em crianças e adolescentes com PAC e DPP em nosso meio / Abstract: Objective: To determine the prevalence and the characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE) in children and adolescents. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study involving 121 patients with CAP/PPE hospitalized in a tertiary referral hospital between 2000 and 2008, divided into six groups according to the etiologic agent (G1 to G6, respectively): M. pneumoniae with or without co-infection, in 44 patients (group 1); etiologic agents other than M. pneumoniae, in 77 (group 2); M. pneumoniae without co-infection, in 34 (group 3); Streptococcus pneumoniae, in 34 (group 4); Staphylococcus aureus, in 34 (group 5); and M. pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae co-infection, in 9 (group 6). Results: In comparison with group 2, group 1 showed higher frequencies of females, dry cough, and previous use of beta-lactam antibiotics; longer disease evolution; and lower frequencies of use of mechanical ventilation and chest tube drainage. In comparison with groups 4 and 5, group 3 showed higher frequencies of previous use of beta-lactam antibiotics and dry cough; longer disease evolution; a lower frequency of use of chest tube drainage; a higher mean age and a lower frequency of nausea/vomiting (versus group 4 only); and a lower frequency of use of mechanical ventilation (versus group 5 only). M. pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae co-infection increased the duration of symptoms prior to admission. Conclusions: In this sample, the prevalence of M. pneumoniae-related CAP/PPE was 12.75%, with evolution longer and more prolonged course than other microorganisms. Our data suggest that M. pneumoniae-related CAP and PPE in children and adolescents should be more thoroughly investigated in Brazil / Doutorado / Pediatria / Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
|
45 |
The role of chiropractic manipulative therapy in the treatment of chronic/persistent Otitis media with effusion in childrenPhilips, Margeaux 17 June 2009 (has links)
M.Tech.
|
46 |
Příprava vysoce dopovaných ZnO nanodrátů / Growth of highly doped ZnO nanowiresAndrýsek, Michal January 2018 (has links)
This diploma thesis is about ZnO nanowires growth, their doping and analysis. High temperature and pressure oxidation of brass foil and deposition from effusion cell in oxidative atmosphere utilized for nanowires growth. The growth is affected by different temperature and pressure. It has been shown that under certain experimental conditions nanowires can be prepared by the former method. However, the growth was hindered when effusion cell was used.
|
47 |
Depozice Al a AlN ultratenkých vrstev na křemíkový a grafenový substrát / The deposition of Al and AlN ultrathin layers on silicon and graphene substrateŘihák, Radek January 2016 (has links)
This master's thesis deals with preparation and analysis of ultrathin films of aluminum and aluminum nitride. Films were prepared by effusion cells designed in previous bachelor's thesis. Cell construction and testing is included in this thesis. Behavior of aluminum on silicon dioxide, silicon and graphene was studied. Preparation of aluminum nitride by effusion cell and nitrogen ion source is described.
|
48 |
Successful Treatment of Nilotinib-Induced Pleural Effusion with PrednisoneChakraborty, Kanishka, Bossaer, John B., Patel, R., Krishnan, K. 15 November 2012 (has links)
Chronic myeloid leukemia is characterized by a unique reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 resulting in deregulated tyrosine kinase activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib have revolutionized treatment of Chronic myeloid leukemia. However, tyrosine kinase inhibitors? use has presented new challenges in managing both acute and chronic toxicities, particularly ?off-target? toxicities like pleural effusion. Pleural effusions are seen less often with imatinib and very rarely with nilotinib. A 66-year-old male presented to emergency department with complaints of mild chest pain and dyspnea of 3 days duration with progressive worsening, including dyspnea at rest. Patient was currently taking nilotinib after failing imatinib for chronic myeloid leukemia. Nilotinib was put on hold. After exclusion of cardiac and pulmonary etiologies patient was treated for community acquired pneumonia with minimal improvement. Despite the very low incidence of pleural effusion with nilotinib (<1%), he was started on 20?mg of prednisone PO for 3 days. Patient had a dramatic improvement within 48?h after beginning prednisone. This treatment approach suggests that pleural effusions associated with nilotinib can be successfully treated in the same way as pleural effusions associated with dasatinib.
|
49 |
The Use of Pleural Adenosine Deaminase in the Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal TuberculosisFinniss, Mathew C., Lewis, Paul, Patel, Paras 01 March 2022 (has links)
Spinal tuberculosis (TB) is associated with serious neurologic morbidity. It commonly presents as back pain, with or without systemic symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive and specific imaging modality for spinal TB. The diagnosis of spinal TB is made with tissue biopsy and acid-fast bacilli (AFB) culture; however, tissue AFB smear and tissue TB deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can influence early clinical decision making. Ancillary tests such as the purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test, QuantiFERON®-TB Gold (QFT) or pleural adenosine deaminase (ADA) can be used in conjunction with radiology and clinical findings to initiate treatment while AFB tissue cultures are pending. Spinal TB responds well to early medical management and surgery is reserved for cases with neurologic complications.
|
50 |
Efficacy of Audiologic and Otologic Outcome Measures to Predict Middle Ear StatusDavis, Lindsey Brooke 22 April 2003 (has links)
No description available.
|
Page generated in 0.0787 seconds