Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S. in electrical engineering)--Washington State University, December 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

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<p>Lastflödesberäkningar kan användas för att se om ett nät behöver byggas ut för att tillgodose en ökad belastning, hur mycket reaktiv effekt som behöver tillföras, eller för att se om ett givet nät klarar av bortfall av en ledning. Syftet med denna rapport är att presentera teorierna för lastflödesberäkningar. Dessutom ska en manual till simuleringsprogrammet Power World färdigställas.</p><p>Ledningens viktigaste förluster är genom: serieinduktans, shuntinduktans och resistans. Reaktiv effekt kan tillföras dels genom seriekondensatorer, för att motverka ledningens spänningsfall; och dels genom shuntkondensatorer för att kompensera för lastens behov av reaktiv effekt. En lindningskopplare ändrar transformatorns omsättning, vilket renderar i att spänningen i överföringsledet ändras. På varje ställe där ett elkraftnät förgrenar sig finns en skena.</p><p>För lastflödesberäkningar delar man upp skenorna i tre olika sorter: <em>swing bus</em>, lastskena och spänningskontrollerad skena. Vid beräkningarna beräknas först spänningen på en skena, och sedan beräknas spänningen på nästa skena beroende av den. I de flesta fall är Newton-Raphsons metod att föredra. Rapporten introducerar lastflödesberäkningar genom två genomgångna exempel. Särkopplat nät är en förenklad metod för lastflödesberäkningar. Beräkningsprogram använder de teorier för lastflöden som denna rapport presenterar, och kan ofta beräkna andra problem av elkraftteknisk karaktär.</p><p>Lastflödesberäkningar kan användas för att se om ett nät behöver byggas ut för att tillgodose en ökad belastning, hur mycket reaktiv effekt som behöver tillföras, eller för att se om ett givet nät klarar av bortfall av en ledning. Syftet med denna rapport är att presentera teorierna för lastflödesberäkningar. Dessutom ska en manual till simuleringsprogrammet Power World färdigställas.</p><p>Ledningens viktigaste förluster är genom: serieinduktans, shuntinduktans och resistans. Reaktiv effekt kan tillföras dels genom seriekondensatorer, för att motverka ledningens spänningsfall; och dels genom shuntkondensatorer för att kompensera för lastens behov av reaktiv effekt. En lindningskopplare ändrar transformatorns omsättning, vilket renderar i att spänningen i överföringsledet ändras. På varje ställe där ett elkraftnät förgrenar sig finns en skena.</p><p>För lastflödesberäkningar delar man upp skenorna i tre olika sorter: <em>swing bus</em>, lastskena och spänningskontrollerad skena. Vid beräkningarna beräknas först spänningen på en skena, och sedan beräknas spänningen på nästa skena beroende av den. I de flesta fall är Newton-Raphsons metod att föredra. Rapporten introducerar lastflödesberäkningar genom två genomgångna exempel. Särkopplat nät är en förenklad metod för lastflödesberäkningar. Beräkningsprogram använder de teorier för lastflöden som denna rapport presenterar, och kan ofta beräkna andra problem av elkraftteknisk karaktär.</p>

<p>Power electronic converters are widely used in industrial power conversion systems both for utility and drives applications. As the power level increases, the voltage level is increased accordingly to obtain satisfactory efficiency. During the last years, the voltage rating of fast switching high voltage semiconductors such as the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) has increased. Still, there is a need for series connection of switching devices. In this area of applications, the Multilevel Converter has shown growing popularity.</p><p>The fundamental advantages of the Multilevel Converter topologies are low distorted output waveforms and limited voltage stress on the switching devices. The main disadvantages are higher complexity and more difficult control. </p><p>In this thesis, Multilevel Converters are analysed for large motor drive applications. The main focus has been on converter losses, output waveform quality and control.</p><p>Analytical expressions for both switching and conduction losses for 4- and 5-level Diode Clamped Converters have been developed. The investigation shows that the losses can be reduced by utilizing a multilevel topology for a 1 MW drive. This work is presented in [46]. The same reduction in losses is proven for a 2300V/ 3 MW drive.</p><p>Analytical expressions for the harmonic losses in 3-level converters have been developed for 2 different Carrier Based PWM schemes, presented in [56], [57] and [58]. Also Space Vector PWM are investigated and compared by simulations, in addition to 4- and 5-level Carrier Based PWM.</p><p>DC-bus balancing in both 3- and 5-level converters is discussed. Balancing in 3- level converters can be achieved by proper control. Balancing in 5-level converters can be achieved by proper arrangement of isolated DC-supplies.</p><p>One 40kW 3-level converter and one 5kW 5-level converter has been designed and built. Experimental verification of the analytical and simulated results is shown.</p>

The awareness of electric power quality has increased over the past decade as electronic equipment has become more susceptible to power disturbances. The most disruptive power disturbances are voltage sags and momentary interruptions and their effect on adjustable speed drives (ASDs) is studied in this thesis. Several solutions have been suggested to provide only voltage sag ride-through to ASDs, but most solutions focus on ASDs with passive rectifiers since they hold the largest share of the market. This thesis focuses on ASDs with active rectifiers, which is an emerging and growing market due to the advantages of four quadrant operation and reduced harmonics offered. A solution is presented which provides an ASD with an active rectifier with the capability to ride through the most common sags in order to reduce the frequency at which the ASD trips and thereby increase its reliability. In order to provide ASDs with the capability to ride through momentary interruptions, it is necessary to interface an energy storage system to the ASD. Flywheels, ultra-capacitors and batteries are evaluated for use in an energy storage system to provide voltage sag and momentary interruption ride-through and a detailed comparison of six systems based on these technologies is presented. The interface circuit between the energy storage system and ASD has a significant influence on the performance of the energy storage system and therefore interface circuits to ASDs with passive and active rectifiers are studied. The addition of an ultra-capacitor energy storage system to an ASD with an active rectifier in order to provide ride-through of deeper sags and momentary interruptions is studied and a fuzzy logic controller is designed to enhance system performance. Initially, no communication between the ASD and the ultra-capacitor system is assumed and the ultra-capacitor system can therefore be added as a retro-fit to an existing ASD. It is, however, foreseen that the market for ASDs with ride-through capability of voltage sags and momentary interruptions will grow and the concepts for an integrated design of an ASD and an energy storage system are presented. / Graduation date: 1999

Three aspects of Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) related problems in power systems are addressed in this dissertation which aims at contributing to a better understanding of these problems. Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) problems in series compensated steam-turbine power systems co-exist with the beneficial effects provided by the series capacitors. Since the early 1930s, numerous researchers have addressed issues relating to these problems. The development of a generalized frequency scan method for analyzing SSR in a Single-Machine Infinite-Bus (SMIB) power system equipped with fixed series capacitor compensation is presented. This method overcomes shortcomings present in the traditional frequency scan technique which is widely used in power system analysis. It has been noticed that there are nonlinear dynamic phenomena in power systems which can not be explained by linear system theory. This includes limited oscillations in a power system when it experiences SSR at a frequency close to one of the system modes. The phenomenon can be explained by Hopf bifurcations. This dissertation presents an analysis for a high dimensional model of a SMIB power system equipped with fixed series capacitor compensation. The results obtained can lead to a more precise understanding of this phenomenon than those available to date which use perturbation methods and highly simplified second-order power system models. Compared with fixed series capacitor compensation in power systems, the newly developed Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation (TCSC) scheme has some well known advantages with regard to flexible power system control. It has been noted that vernier mode TCSC operation can provide for SSR mitigation. In this thesis, such beneficial effect is demonstrated and analyzed for a simplified North-Western American Power System (NWAPS) model, based on EMTP simulations. Issues relating to modelling and simulation of power system and TCSC are addressed. / Graduation date: 1995

Graduation date: 1995

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Energy Laboratory in association with the Sloan School of Management and the Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning,1979.