The oral transmission of history dates back to the Greeks as does the history of the subject of oral interpretation of literature. In the twentieth century the deliberate collection of oral histories has become popular as an adjunct to written documents. With the assumption that oral history can add to written documents in any field, this dissertation tests the tool of oral history as a means of contributing to the history of the field of oral interpretation of literature. The research consists of four formally collected oral histories with prominent, retired, and long-time teachers of oral interpretation of literature in universities. Interviewed were Dr. Alethea Mattingly, professor of speech on the faculty of the University of Arizona until 1974; Dr. Isabel Crouch, Professor at New Mexico State University until 1986; Dr. Charlotte Lee, Professor at Northwestern University until 1974; Dr. Wallace A. Bacon, Professor and head of the department of interpretation at Northwestern University until 1979. The review of literature was drawn from the history of oral interpretation of literature, the history of the use of oral history, and the current material on oral history methodology as well as discussion on the uses and products of oral history work in other fields. A description of the arrangements made for and used in the actual interviews is included with observations on the transcription and the transactional nature of the interviews. An evaluation of the range and kinds of information derived from examination of these collected oral history transcripts is made in the final chapter for findings and conclusions. Information of corroboration and new information from the interviews did add to written histories in oral interpretation. Conclusions point to facts and ideas a historian might find of use, particularly future biographical studies. Suggestion is made that students with interviewing skills be encouraged to continue collection of oral histories to add to the storehouse of data for primary resource material. Oral history also proves to be a fine source for the rich portrayal of a human personality. As well as collecting data, oral history proves to be a unique and irreplaceable document.

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My dissertation is the first project to situate the telephone in the context of Britain’s efforts to standardize the English language. I argue for a new understanding of literary modernism as profoundly influenced by advances in telephony and their recruitment for the imperial work of linguistic purification. Using a methodology that combines media theory, sound studies, disability studies, psychoanalytic theory, and gender criticism, I locate in the works of Joseph Conrad, George Bernard Shaw, T. S. Eliot, and Virginia Woolf a preoccupation with the fantasy of perfect sound reproduction that is always tethered to the mother tongue and its protocols of enunciation. By examining a range of Victorian and modern technologies from the ear phonautograph to the sound spectrograph, I trace the development of a telephonic literature between 1899 and 1941—a literature concerned with intelligibility, with the accurate registering and reproduction of sound. I recover the phonic subtexts of these works to show how they subject their readers to the sort of “audile training” required of early telephone users, whose practiced hearing and refined speech were needed to overcome the noise of the network. My project ultimately demonstrates how advances in communication engineering, motivated by racialized, gendered, and ableist ideals of linguistic and sonic purity, shaped modernist texts that endeavored to reproduce sighted sound. In doing so, it redefines literary modernism in terms of its ties with imperial media that assisted in the linguistic colonization of British subjects, revealing how the fantasy of a “pure, originary” mother tongue and fears of the degradation of English shaped a modernist aesthetic that negotiated between wanting to eradicate linguistic difference and desiring to embrace the “noise” inherent within all communication.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A presente dissertaÃÃo investiga a elocuÃÃo de onze poemas da obra atribuÃda ao poeta latino Ãlbio Tibulo (c. 55-19 a.C.): os poemas 1.1-6, 1.8-9, 2.3-4 e 2.6. A delimitaÃÃo desse corpus de anÃlise baseia-se na temÃtica erÃtica e nos personagens aos quais os poemas sÃo direcionados, DÃlia, MÃrato e NÃmesis; a investigaÃÃo formal da elocuÃÃo ampara a discussÃo de aspectos dessa temÃtica; em funÃÃo disso, dividimos em trÃs ciclos os poemas a serem analisados; a elocuÃÃo de cada ciclo serà examinada em separado e depois comparada com a dos demais. Para desenvolver esta pesquisa, utilizamos como fundamentaÃÃo teÃrica estudos e comentÃrios da obra de Tibulo, textos de retÃrica da Antiguidade greco-latina e estudos de retÃrica, especialmente os que abordam a elocuÃÃo. A anÃlise dos poemas foi fundamentada principalmente na RetÃrica a HerÃnio e no Manual de RetÃrica LiterÃria, de Lausberg. Uma discussÃo mais aprofundada de poesia latina requer um exame da elocuÃÃo, pois os poetas latinos tinham o estudo da retÃrica como formaÃÃo bÃsica. Na obra de Tibulo, à perceptÃvel que a seleÃÃo e a disposiÃÃo de palavras nos versos servem-se de figuras de linguagem em consonÃncia com o conteÃdo e ainda sublevam o teor erÃtico dos poemas. / This dissertation investigates the elocution of eleven poems from Albius Tibullus (c. 55-19 BC) work: poems 1.1-6, 1.8-9, 2.3-4 and 2.6. The demilitation of this corpus of analysis is based on the erotic subject and it is also based on the characters to which the poems are addressed: Delia, Marathus and Nemesis; the formal investigation of the elocution sustains the discussion about some aspects from this subject; therefore, we divided the poems analyzed in three cycles; the elocution of those cycles is going to be analyzed separately and compared to each other. In order to develop this research, as theoretical foundation we use research and commentaries on the work of Tibullus, rhetorical texts from Greco-Roman Antiquity, and researches about rhetoric, especially those woks that develop the elocution. The analysis is based mainly on Ad Herennium and also on Manual de RetÃrica LiterÃria, from Lausberg. A further discussion of Latin poetry requires an examination of the elocution, since the Latin poets had rhetoric as their foundation. It is noticeable, that Tibullus selection and arrangement of the words in his verses utilizes figures of speech in order to mimic their content; moreover the disposition rise up the erotic content of the poems.

There is a shift from learning to read towards reading to learn beginning in the fourth grade. This project focuses on the use of read alouds to teach concepts such as inference, generalization, and drawing conclusions to increase reading comprehension in fourth graders.

Scholarly analysis of rhetorical speeches over the last century has been concentrated on the “traditional” ways of approaching this kind of texts, without paying much attention to their theatrical nature. The old critical analysis paid attention primarily (if not exclusively) to textual issues such as the recognition of grammatical points and the use of such texts as sources of information about historical and legal issues. The interest of scholars focuses, recently, on the study of rhetorical speeches as performances. Although some critical approaches of Demosthenes’ On the Crown appeared over the last few years, there is no systematic argument about the theatrical features of this masterpiece. By reading On the Crown, I emphasize the connection between law and theater and I suggest that rhetoric has its own “performativity”. The speech is a judicial performance: the speaker is like an actor, the court rostrum is like a theatrical scene and the audience that will vote for Demosthenes consists of the same people who take part in a theatrical performance, praising or booing the actors. The comic and tragic language and imagery, the use of emotional appeals (pathos) that is associated with the construction of characters (ēthopoiia), and finally, delivery (hypocrisis) are important theatrical devices, which Demosthenes uses in the speech. This report has a twofold structure: first, it offers a brief theoretical survey of the above-mentioned theatrical devices. Second, it provides a text-based analysis of the theatrical features of On the Crown, discussing how Demosthenes by using theatrical techniques in his speech succeeds in persuading the audience of the Crown trial and gaining an overwhelming victory over Aeschines. / text

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1955. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 195-197).

This study is aimed at analyzing the speech adequacy of credential candidates. It is hoped that the results will suggest a type of speech training, in terms of a specific course, which will be beneficial to those candidates who are in need of speech help. If what the candidates as a whole seem to need and what they seem to have acquired through speech training is known, a course designed along the lines of these speech needs can be more easily constructed. In general, this thesis will attempt to answer the following questions: (1) What type of speech training would be most beneficial to credential candidates?; (2) Do credential candidates who have had one speech course have more adequate speech abilities than those who have had none?; (3) Is the speech of those candidates who have two or more speech courses more proficient than those who have had only one course?; (4) What particular courses, if any, seem to have contributed most to increased proficiency?; (5) What is the most serious deficiency in the speaking ability of the credential candidates? An attempt will be made to answer these questions by indicating tendencies. The conclusion of this thesis will also propose other issues of particular significance or interest which might be used in future investigations.

The purpose of this thesis was to determine the public speaking style of Charles W. Penrose. The problem was investigated by using the elements of a speaking situation, the speaker, the speech, the audience, and the occasion. Three speeches were used; namely, "Remarks on Union" given on January 19, 1879, "Women Suffrage" given on June 3, 1889, and "Graphic Glimpses of Pioneer Life" given on February 4, 1924. Seven selected criteria were used as guidelines for the evaluation of the speeches; namely, accuracy, clarity, propriety, economy, force, striking quality, and liveliness.The following conclusions resulted from the evaluation of the speeches using the seven selected criteria. (1) Throughout his life his vital style never seemed to weaken. (2) His use of the direct approach showed his great insight into the needs of the people. This directness emphasized his purpose to stimulate his audiences to right actions. (3) On the whole, his speaking style was accurate, clear, appropriate, economical, and forceful. The speeches showed some striking qualities and an inward vitality compelling the audience to listen.

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